Otsika amagwera pamasamba a orchid: zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira zamankhwala

Izi zimachitika kuti ma phungawo amaterera. Zifukwa zake zitha kukhala zakuthupi kapena zamatenda. Choyambirira ndi zoyipa zoyipa za chilengedwe. Zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zamatenda osiyanasiyana. Ndikofunikira kuti zithetse zomwe zimayambitsa munthawi yake kuti pathogen ipite kumizu kapena patunthazi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa zoyenera kuchita mukamayamwa zipatso za maluwa.

Zifukwa

Kuti musavulaze phalaenopsis, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kuzindikira chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. Zimatha kukhala zakuthupi, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chofunikira chamankhwala.

Zachilengedwe zimatsika pamasamba

Kuthekera kwakukulu kwachilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri, mbewuyo imakutidwa ndi timadzi tokongola tadz maluwa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kagayidwe kazachilengedwe - kakonzedwe ka dzuwa.

Kuti muwone ngati iyi ndi njira yachilengedwe, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mbewuyo kuti ikhale ndi majeremusi osiyanasiyana, kuchepetsa pang'ono kuthirira. Onetsetsani kuti mwachulukitsa chipinda.

Zomwe zimayambitsa mapangidwe a madontho zimatha kukhala zowonongeka m'mikhalidwe yomangidwa:

• kusefukira. Ngati wokonza dimba atha kuthira madzi ochuluka mu nthaka, ndipo nawonso akunjenjemera, izi zimakhudza mbewuzo;
• malo osakhala bwino. Malo oterera amawoneka ngati duwa lili pawindo, dzuwa lalikulu limagwera pomwepo. Vutoli limakula ngati kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala kochepa;
• kuvala kopanda pake bwino kapena owonjezera. Osati madontho omata akuwonekera, koma kuwonongeka kwa masamba kukuwonekanso. Pigmentation imapangidwa, yomwe siyokhala ndi chikhalidwe chomera.

Zomera zimatha kuthana ndi tizilombo:

• chishango chachikulu. Madontho a m'malo owirira amapangika pamasamba a orchid, defuction ndi ma tubercles pokhudzana ndi thanzi la majeremusi ndi madzi a orchid;
• aphid - thunthu lomwe, litatha kudya madzi a chomera, limasiya mame omata, limakhala pachithaphwi kapena pafupi ndi dimba lokulira;
• ufa wowuma. Choyamba, madontho amawonekera pamtunda, ndikupanga pang'onopang'ono kupera kwoyera komwe kumayambira kwamtambo wakuda.

Kulowa kwa pathogen

Orchid wamkulu kunyumba ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti zithetse maluwa komanso kupezeka kwa matenda osiyanasiyana. Ngakhale madontho pang'ono kapena pachimake akuwonekera pamasamba, ndikofunikira kusintha kutentha ndi chinyezi mchipindacho, kuchotsa kuwala kowala.

Ngakhale tizirombo tating'onoting'ono timatha kudwala. Chifukwa chake, chithandizo chiyenera kuyambika nthawi yomweyo, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala apamwamba okha.

Kuphatikizidwa kwa madontho omata

Ngati vutoli layamba chifukwa cha kuthirira kwambiri, madziwo amadzaza mu dothi, komanso mbali zosiyanasiyana za mbewu. Pali zochuluka kwambiri za iye moti samatha kudzigwira mkati. Zotsatira zake, chinyezi chowonjezera chimamasulidwa kudzera masamba. Mame ambiri amapangidwa, omwe munthu angatenge maphunziro kuti azitha kupha tizirombo. Kukhathamira kwa madzi ndi kochepa, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa shuga kumadzi sikochepa.

Zomera zimatha kupanga madzimadzi. Ndikofunikira kukopa tizilombo kuti tizipukuta kapena kuwononga majeremusi. Kenako madontho amakhala ndi tinthu tosiyanasiyana tomwe timakopa tizilombo.

Madzi amatha kupezekanso chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa majeremusi. Amalumikizana ndi masamba a maluwa, kuyamba kuyamwa msuziwo. Kenako zimawulukira mbali ina ya mbewu. Pamalo omwe anapopera, amapanga zotulutsa zomwe zimatsalira ndimadziwo. Lilinso ndi shuga wambiri, kotero kukhudza ndikomata.

Zosankha Zamaluwa A maluwa

Ngati maluwa ali ndi utoto wowoneka bwino, wowuma, koma osagwiritsa ntchito zina, matendawa musinthe. Ayenera kukhala motere:

• kuchotsedwa kwa kuwala kowala komwe kumatha kugwera pa orchid yomwe ili pawindo;
• kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi othirira (izi sizingathetsedwe);
• kuchotsedwa kwa zovala zapamwamba zingapo, zomwe zitha kukhala zochulukirapo kuti zisawonongeke, kufa kwa maluwa ndi chomera chonse;
• kutentha kozungulira kuyenera kukhala kwapakati, osapitirira 23 ° С;
• kutentha kozungulira kuyenera kukhala kosasunthika, kusiyana sikulimbikitsidwa, komanso kukonzekera;
• kuyanika dothi lapamwamba mumphika;
• amapanga ngalande yamadzi yomwe imalowetsa mumphika nthawi yothirira.

Kenako, yang'anireni mbewuyo kwa sabata limodzi. Pakakhala matenda osiyanasiyana, momwe mbewuyo imakhalira yofananira, mawonekedwe omata pamasamba adzazimiririka. Ngati palibe kusintha komwe kumawonedwa, zizindikiro zowonjezereka za matendawo zimawonekera, ndikofunikira kuyamba chithandizo. Ndikofunikira kupenda mosamala magawo onse a duwa, chifukwa ma parasites ndi midges akhoza kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Zochita za majeremusi pamasamba

Madzi amtundu wa orchid amatha kuwoneka kuti amakopa tiziromboti tomwe timakhalamo. Akamamatira kumadzi, samatha kuyenda, motero amafa pang'onopang'ono. Chomera sichitha kupirira kwa nthawi yayitali pachokha, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuthandizira mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana.

Pamaso pa majeremusi, tsatirani:

• kuthetsa kuthekera kwa kufalikira kwa mbewu zina m'miphika yoyandikana ndikusunthira orchid kuchipinda china;
• tengani swabotoni ya thonje, yomwe amapukuta mosamala mbali zonse za orchid kuchokera pansi kuti achotse ma midges ndi majeremusi ena;
• ngati mbali iliyonse yamasamba, thunthu kapena thunthu zowonongeka, ziyenera kuchotsedwa;
• kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi yankho la tizirombo toyambitsa matenda (Nurell-D, phosphamide, actellik), omwe amawononga ma causative othandizira matendawa, koma osavulaza orchid yokha;
• gwiritsirani ntchito pochotsa dothi mwakutsitsa mphika mu chidebe ndi madzi momwe piritsi yokhala ndi tizilombo, mwachitsanzo, alirina-B, imawonjezedwera;
• kuti madontho asatulukenso, muyenera kutsuka poto, masamba, zimayambira, maluwa kamodzi pakatha masiku 10.

Transparent imagwera masamba

Pambuyo pokonza kwathunthu ndikudutsa vuto lachiwonetsero chachiwiri, ma phalaenopsis amatha kubwezeretsedwanso kumalo ake am'mbuyo, chifukwa chake sangathe kuvulaza maluwa ena.

Ngati duwa silikhudzidwa kwambiri, mutha kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zochizira. Izi zikuphatikiza njira izi:

• kutsuka masamba ndi sopo wosenda tsiku ndi tsiku;
• Ngati madzi a sopo wamba samathandiza, muthanso mowa pang'ono kapena mowa wamphamvu kuti atetezeni;
• kusamba ndi madzi ofunda firiji ndi chithandizo chowonjezereka ndi mafuta onunkhira;
• kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo chomwe chili ndi adyo ndi mafuta;
• kupanga ma tinctures okhala ndi mahatchi amunda. Sulitsani madzi ndikusintha chomera tsiku ndi tsiku;
• kukonza magawo osiyanasiyana a phalaenopsis ndi madzi, pomwe amawonjezera koloko ndi ayodini.

Njira zina zochiritsira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse zimakhala ndi modekha. Siziwononga phalaenopsis yokha, chifukwa sichingokhala ndi moyo, koma iyamba kuphuka mwachangu.

Kupewa matenda

Ndikosavuta kupewa kuwononga chilengedwe komanso zochita za majeremusi padzuwa m'malo mopitilira kuchiziritsa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo a kupewa:

• M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha kozungulira sikuyenera kupitirira 23 ° C, ndipo nthawi yozizira mpaka 18 ° C;
• M'chilimwe, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa mopitilira muyeso (poyerekeza ndi nthawi yachisanu), koma mochulukirapo, kuti musayambitsa mizu;
• kuthirira kuyenera kuchitika kamodzi pa sabata nthawi yozizira komanso 2 kawiri pa sabata m'chilimwe;
• madzi othirira amayenera kuthetsedwa, osavomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana pazinthu zina, mwachitsanzo, mchere, zosayera;
• chinyezi mchipindacho sichiyenera kukhala chotsika kapena chokwanira kwambiri, 60% chimawerengedwa kuti ndi choyenera;
• ngati kuli kofunika kufalitsa phalaenopsis kapena kufalitsa, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mbali zake zonse kuti pakhale tiziromboti, kuda kwake, kusintha kwa ma pigmentation, kukhalapo kwa malo owuma;
• tsiku lililonse mulowetse chipindacho kuti duwa limalandira mpweya wokwanira;
• mphika saloledwa kukhala pawindo kapena pamalo ena pomwe dzuwa limagwera mwachangu;
• feteleza angagwiritsidwe ntchito panthaka mopitilira 2 pa mwezi, onetsetsani kuti mukuchita izi nthawi yamaluwa;
• Zomera ziyenera kukhala ndi mchere, makamaka chitsulo ndi potaziyamu, chifukwa chomwe phalaenopsis imatha kutulutsa ndi kukhala wathanzi;
• kupopera tsiku lililonse mbali zonse za maluwa ndi madzi kuti zithetseretu kufalikira ndi tizirombo.

Ngati zinthu zonse zakwaniritsidwa molondola, izi zimathandiza kupewa maluwa, kuwonongeka, kuuma, kuzungulira kwa ma rhizomes ndi masamba.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira zopewera. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kwa iwo kumatha kudzetsa poizoni wa orchid ndikufa kwake. Chifukwa chake, chidachi chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati tizilombo touluka.

Zomera zamasamba pambuyo pa chithandizo

Pambuyo poti dontho louma pamasamba a orchid atachotsedwa, njira zakuchiritsi ndizofunikira. Izi ndichifukwa choti chitukuko cha matenda a parasitic chili pachiwopsezo chobwereranso. Ndiye kuti, tizilombo titha kuwonekanso, pitani ku maluwa oyandikana nawo.

Chifukwa chake, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa posamalira ma orchid

• kutsuka tsiku ndi tsiku tsinde, masamba ndi maluwa ndi poto ya thonje yokutira m'madzi kapena pa sopo;
• kufalitsa phalaenopis mumphika wina kuti athetse vuto la kubwereranso;
• mphika womwe orchid adayimilira pamatendawa uyenera kutsukidwa ndi kupukutidwa;
• kuthirira sikuyenera kuchitika osaposa nthawi 1 pa sabata ndi madzi ochepa;
• kuthira feteleza ndi manyowa kumachitika miyezi yowerengeka itatha kuchomera;
• Osamabweretsa chinyezi mchipindacho mpaka malire, popeza malo otere ndi oyenera kukhazikitsa tizirombo tambiri.

Sikuti aliyense amadziwa chifukwa chake maluwa amaika masamba.

Ngati idachitidwa molondola, phalaenopsis ichira m'masiku akubwera. M'tsogolomu, ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malamulo a kupewa pofuna kupewa ngozi yobwereranso.