Orchid ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri. Nthano zalembedwa za iye ndi ndakatulo zoperekedwa, amaperekedwa ngati chizindikiro cha chikondi chosatha ndi kudzipereka. Monga kukongola kulikonse, maluwa ndi osangalatsa kwambiri ndipo amafuna kuti aziwasamalira ndipo samakhululuka.
Kubala maluwa okongola awa si ntchito yophweka. Kuchokera pamitundu 20,000 ya chomera chamtunduwu kunyumba, ndichoposa zoposa 10 ndizotheka kuweta ndi kubereka. Mwinanso choyenera kwambiri ndikuyesa kukula kwa phalaenopsis - orchid.
Phalaenopsis - Gulugufe Orchid
Zofunika Kubzala za Orchid
Ngati mumagula maluwa malo ogulitsira ena, ndiye zomveka kufunsa alangizi momwe angakhalire maluwa. Monga lamulo, antchito ophunzitsidwa bwino amagwira ntchito m'masitolo ngati amenewa ndipo amatha kupereka upangiri wokwanira pazinthu zonse.
Kuyendera kuyenera kuchitidwa mu thumba lotsekedwa, kupewa kukonzekera. Mtundu wa maluwa utachoka m'chipinda chobiriwira kapena shelufu ya malo ogulitsa maluwa ndikumaliza kukhazikika kwake, ndikofunikira kuti amupatse zomwe angakwanitse kuzisintha. Simuyenera kuyika maluwawo nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ngati panalibe malo pawindo, mutha kuyika mbewu patebulo kapena pambali pa bedi.
Zambiri! Zimatenga masiku 14 kuti duwa likhale bwino malo atsopanowo.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
Popeza gulugufe wamtundu wamtunduwu amatenga chakudya kuchokera ku chinyezi kuchapa mizu yake mvula ikamagwa, dothi silikhala lothandiza pakudyera mbewu, koma kuti lizikhala lolunga. Payenera kukhala mpweya- komanso chinyezi-chovomerezeka, kukhala ndi kuthekera kosunga michere ndikumawuma kwathunthu masiku 3-4. Kuphatikiza apo, dothi la maluwa otulutsa zipatso liyenera kukhala ndi tizigawo tating'ono kwambiri tomwe timapereka kuwala. Izi ndichifukwa choti njira ya photosynthesis mu phalaenopsis, monga ena oimira maluwa, samapezeka mumasamba okha, komanso mizu.
Kuphatikiza poti lero nthaka yapadera yomwe ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za chomera ikhoza kugulitsidwa ku sitolo yapadera, mutha kuzichita nokha. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera makungwa a paini kapena thundu 1.5-2 masentimita, mizu ya fern nkhalango, akanadulidwa sphagnum moss.
Pakukoka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zidutswa za kokho kapena makala, komanso CHIKWANGWANI cha coconut. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwachilengedwe - dongo ndi miyala yokumbikika imaloledwa.
Zofunika! Palibe chifukwa muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malo ndi peat.
Zonse zomwe zimapangidwira kubzala orchid zimafunikira kukonzekera mosamala, makamaka khungwa ndi mbewa. Makungwa ochotsedwa pamtengo wouma ayenera kuwiritsa kwa mphindi 30. Moss iyenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi otentha ndikusiyidwa kwa maola 2-3. Mizu ya fern iyenera kutsukidwa bwino. Zigawo zonse za dothi la orchid ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndikuthana ndi antifungal.
Mukayika nthaka mumphika, musapunje kapena kupwanya osakaniza. Chiwerengero chosankhidwa bwino cha zosakaniza zonse zadothi ndichofunikira china chokhala kuti maluwa azikhala bwino.
Nthaka ya maluwa
Kusankha kwamphamvu
Ndipo pali zovuta zina.
Miphika ya pulasitiki
Kodi mungabzala bwanji maluwa mumphika? Kusankha kwa mphika kwa maluwa okhathamira ndi gawo lina lofunikira kuti duwa limve bwino mnyumbamo. Kwa phalaenopsis, mphika woyenera ndi womwe umakwaniritsa izi:
- limapereka dothi lamadzi;
- imapereka kufalitsidwa kwa mpweya;
- imapereka kutentha kukhazikika;
- imapereka kuthekera kotulutsa mbewu popanda chiopsezo cha kuwononga mizu.
Chofunikanso ndichinthu chomwe poto wa ma orchid amapangira. Yankho lolondola kwambiri la poyambira lingakhale kusankha poto wa pulasitiki wowonekera. Izi zikulamulidwa kuti zitha kupanga mabowo ena owonjezera - mabowo pansi pa mphika.
Kuphatikiza apo, pulasitiki imasunga kutentha bwino ndipo imalekerera dzuwa. Pokomera mphika wopangidwa ndi pulasitiki ndiye kuti ukhoza kudula mosavuta ngati mizu ya orchidyo imakula.
Zambiri! Chisankho choyenera chingakhale poto yapadera yama orchid mu mawonekedwe a korona.
Poto wapulasitiki
Miphika ya ceramic
Ndikofunika kuti musankhe miphika yaceramic kwa iwo omwe kumbuyo kwawo amadziwa momwe angakulire maluwa, ndipo omwe amatha kudziwa momwe duwa limawonera. Ngakhale kuti miphika ya ceramic imakhala ndi ma drainage drainage, amatha kupatsa mwayi komanso kutentha, ali ndi zovuta zingapo.
Choyambirira, mizu yanyengoyi imatha kukula mpaka kukhoma kwa mphika. Kachiwiri, palibe njira zowunikira zomwe zimayambira mizu. Chachitatu, mphika wonyezimira sutha kupitikitsa mpweya.
Ngati mphika woumba udasankhidwapo chifukwa chobzala orchid, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'anira kayendetsedwe ka kuthirira mbewuyo, kupewa kuthana ndi nthaka.
Tcherani khutu! Musanabzala orchid mumphika wouma, muyenera kuupaka mu uvuni ndikuwuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Miphika ya ceramic
Zida zamagalasi
Maluwa amaoneka ochititsa chidwi kwambiri m'matumba agalasi. Komabe, mapangidwe a condensate pamakoma a chotengera ndi chiwopsezo chowoneka ngati mwala wobiriwira pamizu amafunika zina zowonjezerapo kuti apange mawonekedwe kuti mbewuyo ikhalepo. Ngati chisankhochi chimapangidwa mokomera zotengera zamagalasi, ndiye kuti zingafunikire kutero m'malo a 2-3 pachaka.
Ngakhale mphika uti udzasankhidwe kubzala orchid, ndikofunikira kuti musalakwitse ndi kukula kwake. Kuti tikwaniritse bwino kutetezeka kwa phalaenopsis, kutalika kwa mphikawo kuyenera kukhala koyenera kwa m'mimba mwake. Dongosolo la mizu liyenera kuyenderana momasuka mumphika, osafikira kukhoma ndi masentimita 3-4.
Mtsuko wamagalasi
Mitundu ina ya maluwa okongola kunyumba
Kuphatikiza pa agulugufe, olima maluwa amasankha mitundu yotsatirayi:
Wanda
Phalaenopsis orchid sindiye yekha woimira maluwa okhalitsa omwe amatha kupezeka kunja kwakuthengo. Mwachitsanzo, maluwa okongola a vanda, omwe kwawo ndi India, amatha kumva bwino m'nyumba.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji maluwa orchid? Zofunikira pazomwe zili ndizosiyana ndizomwe zimafunidwa ndi phalaenopsis. Wanda, mosiyana ndi phalaenopsis, amene amakonda kuwala kosayerekezeka, amakhala ndi malo abwino owala.
Zambiri! Komabe, kupewa kuwotcha, kuwala kwa dzuwa kolunjika pamasamba ndi maluwa kuyenera kupewedwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, Wanda ndi thermophilic kwambiri. Kutentha kovomerezeka kwambiri kwa maluwa amenewa kumakhala 16 ° C usiku ndi mpaka 30 ° C masana. Chinyezi cholimba cha vanda chimatengera kutentha: kutentha kwambiri, chinyontho chambiri. Ndipo popewa kuwola kwa mizu, kutuluka kwa mpweya watsopano kuyenera kutsimikizika. Monga phalaenopsis, vanda ndi epiphyte, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zofunikira zadothi ndizofanana. Kuthirira vanda kutha kuchitidwa m'njira zingapo:
- kumiza. Kwa masekondi angapo, ikani mphikayo ndi chomeracho mchidebe chamadzi ndikulola madzi owonjezera kuti akhutire;
- kuthirira ndi madzi ofunda. Njirayi imakonda kwambiri vanda. Zimachitika motere: wanda amayikidwa osamba ndikuthiridwa m'madzi osamba ndikuthiridwa ndi madzi ofunda mpaka mizu itasanduka yobiriwira. Pambuyo pa ola limodzi, ndikofunikira kupukuta masamba kuchokera ku chinyezi;
- kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Owereketsa ena owonongeka amakonda njira yathirayi, monga momwe, madzi kuchokera kumizu amayamba msanga. Kuti mbewuyo isavutike chifukwa chosowa chinyezi ndi njira iyi yothirira, muyenera kuwonjezera kupopera.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, vanda imatha kutulutsa mpaka milungu 12. Ndi kuchepa kwamaluwa kukula kapena mawonekedwe aulesi, chomeracho chiziwonetsa kuti china chake chikuyenda bwino.
Orchid Wanda
Venus woterera
Woimira wina wa ma orchid, omwe amatha kumva bwino kunyumba - ndi Paphiopedilum kapena, monga amatchedwa mawonekedwe ake achilendo, venus slipper. Kodi mungabzala bwanji maluwa omwe amawoneka ngati nsapato ya mulungu?
Orchid uyu ndi lithophyte, amakonda miyala yamiyala yodzadza ndi humus. Poika maluwa, maluwa owoneka molowera kumpoto chakum'mawa kapena kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi abwino. Kuphatikiza apo, venus slipper imatha kupirira kupindika pang'ono. Kutentha kwa orchid kosadabwitsa kumeneku ndi 18-25 ° ะก. Zambiri za Paphiopedilum, mutha kusankha poto wa pulasitiki wa ceramic kapena opaque.
Zambiri! Zofunikira pansi, zonse, ndizofanana ndi ma orchid ena. Komabe, nsapato ya venus ndiyothokoza ngati mchenga wamoto komanso wakale wa mchenga wowuma utawonjezedwa ndi dothi.
Maluwa amenewa amakonda kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso kambiri. Komabe, pofuna kupewa kuola, ndikofunikira kupukuta mizu pafupipafupi. Chinyezi, chomwe chimakonda nsapato za venus, chimachokera ku 60-80%. Zimatsimikiziridwa ndikuti mphika umayikidwa pa tray ndi madzi ndi dongo lokulitsidwa.
Monga lamulo, venus slipper blooms kumapeto kwa yophukira. Cholemba chilichonse chimapanga chipinda chimodzi ndi nsapato imodzi. Kukhalapo kwa duwa lotseguka kumapereka lingaliro kuti mbewuyo ili yokhutira.
Orchid Venus woterera
Orchid kuswana kunyumba
Kulima orchid kumatheka m'njira zingapo - tsinde ana (ana), kudula ndi mbewu. Kunyumba, njira yoyamba ndiyabwino.
Ana ndi mphukira zazing'ono zomwe zimawoneka pamizu. Kubzala zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi koyambira kwa mizu yake ndizomwe zimakonda. Wokonzeka kumuwonjezera, mwana amawerengedwa ngati njira yomwe imakhala ndi mizu yokhazikitsidwa ndi masamba 3-4.
Mwana akapatulidwa bwino ndi chomera chake, ndikofunikira kuwaza odulidwa ndi makala. Izi zimachitika pofuna kupewa kukula kwa matenda komanso kuwola kwa mizu. Dulani mphindikati, mutayanika kwa maola atatu, ziyenera kubzalidwa m'nthaka yonyowa.
Masiku oyamba, muyenera kupewa kuthirira, kudziletsa kupopera mankhwalawa. Maluwa akayamba kuzika mizu, mutha kusamalira chomera monga mwa nthawi zonse.
Ana a Orchid
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Zomwe zimasungidwa m'maluwa a orchids ndizosiyana mwachilengedwe. Nthawi zina mbewu yomwe yazunguliridwa ndi chisamaliro imakana kupatsa utoto. Chifukwa chake chingakhale kusowa kwa michere ina. Kudyetsa ma orchid kuyenera kulipira bwino zakusowa kwa zinthu monga potaziyamu, phosphorous, nayitrogeni, boroni, ndi zina. Mu feteleza wopangidwira epiphytes, zinthu zonse zofunika zili mgulu lambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kusunga pulogalamu yazakudya.
Zofunika! Kutsatira kwambiri malangizo a feteleza ndi chinthu chinanso chomwe chimatsimikizira kuti orchid akupitilizabe.
Kubzala orchid kunyumba, kuwona momwe mayendedwe ake alili ntchito yosangalatsa, mbali imodzi, yofanana ndi kuyesa kovuta kwa asayansi, kwinakwake - chozizwitsa, chotsatira chake chomwe chidzakhala maluwa okongola modabwitsa.
