Maluwa a Kalanchoe (Kalanchoe) - mbewu yomwe imakongoletsa nyumba. Ili ndi katundu wapadera - kutengera mitundu ndi mtundu wa pachimake pafupifupi chaka chonse. Komabe, bwino, nthawi yachisanu imaganiziridwa kuti nthawi yomwe Kalanchoe amaponya masamba ambiri. Chisamaliro cha Kalanchoe kunyumba chimapereka chophweka - ndizosavuta kuti zimveke.
Chifukwa chake Kalanchoe samachita maluwa nthawi zonse
Chitsamba chokongoletsera chitha kuyimitsa kukula kwa masamba, chimagwa ngati mpweya wamkati ugwera pansi pa 10-12 ° C. Nthawi zambiri chomera chokha chimakhala chopanikizika, ndipo nthawi zina chimatha kubweretsa izi:
- Kukalamba kwachilengedwe kwa mbewu payokha - pamenepa, ndikofunikira kulingalira za kubereka kwake kuchokera kwa odulidwa kapena kwa mbewu. Olima maluwa odziwa bwino amalangizidwa kuti azichita izi posinthanitsa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zilizonse pazowunikira.
- Kuyandikira kwa gwero lotenthetsera - masamba mu izi atembenuka chikasu ndikugwa, ndipo thunthu limafota. Chifukwa chake, pofuna kupewa kufa ndikuonetsetsa kuti maluwa akutuluka kwambiri, mbewuyo imatsukidwa kutali ndi mabatire kapena stoves.
- Ikani chomera pafupi ndi zipatso zokometsera za zipatso kapena zipatso. Kalanchoe ndi duwa lokha, ndipo malo oyandikana nawo sangamupindule, chifukwa ayenera kupereka malo padera.
Kalanchoe nthawi zambiri amatulutsa zipatso kwambiri
Ngati chitsamba chokongoletsera sichimatulutsa, chimatambasulira kumtunda - ndikofunikira kuchikonza ndikuwapatsa nthawi yopuma. Pambuyo poika maluwa m'mwera oyatsa mawindo.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ichimere
Kupanga Kalanchoe pachimake, muyenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:
- Kuthirira pafupipafupi. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa kwa masiku osachepera 3-4. Kuti muchepetse maluwa, timalimbikitsidwa kuteteza madzi kwa maola 24, ndipo sikuyenera kuzizira. Kutentha kwambiri ndi madigiri angapo pamwamba pa kutentha kwa m'chipinda.
- Mavalidwe apamwamba. Amabweretsa magawo awiri a feteleza - izi zimapangitsa kuti chomera "chadzuke" ndikule ndikukula. Koma musakhale akhama - mukamapereka zochulukirapo, bowa wa pathogenic amatha "kuphuka" mu maluwa. Ndipo izi zitha kuyambitsa mbewu.
- Kumasuka. Nthaka imayenera kumasulidwa pamizu - mpweya wabwino kwambiri m'nthaka umathandizira kuphukira kwa masamba. Koma ndikofunikira kuchita mosamala - kumasula kumachitika ndi ndodo yamtengo, kuyesera kuti tisawononge mizu.
Kutengera malamulo awa osavuta, chomera chimakusangalatsani ndi mtundu wautali komanso wambiri. Ngati mumapereka chisamaliro chakunyumba choyenera Kalanchoe, maluwa sangatenge nthawi yayitali.
Kodi limatulutsa kangati
Nthawi zambiri - kutengera mitundu ndi mtundu wa Kalanchoe, imatha kuphuka kawiri konse, kapena katatu pachaka. Zowona, nthawi yoyamba chitsamba imaphuka kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zotsatirapo - sizochuluka.
Kalanchoe limamasula katatu pachaka
Momwe mungasamalire maluwa a Kalanchoe kunyumba
Chofunika kwambiri cha masamba ndi utoto ndikuwunikira pafupifupi maola 8-9, apo ayi Kalanchoe amataya mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa, amatambasamba ndikuyimika kutulutsa, ndipo mtunduwo umatayika. Momwe angasamalire mbewu, tidzalankhulanso.
Kutentha
Lamulo lofunikira kwa iwo omwe sakudziwa momwe angasamalire maluwa a Kalanchoe kunyumba ndikusunga kutentha. Kalanchoe amakula ndipo amatulutsa pafupifupi kutentha kulikonse, koma simuyenera kupita mopambanitsa.
M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha kumatha kusintha kuchokera +18 mpaka +28 ° C, nthawi yozizira iyenera kukhala pakati pa 14-18 ° C. Ngati nthawi yozizira kutentha kumatsika pansi pa 10 ° C, mmera ungamwalire ndipo masamba ake awonongedwa.
Chenjezo! Kutentha kokwanira nthawi yozizira kumasiyana pakati pa madigiri 12 mpaka 15 Celsius, osapitirira apo, chifukwa nyengo yachisanu imayambitsa kugwa kwa masamba osadziwika.
Kuthirira
Kuthirira nthawi yachilimwe kuyenera kukhala kambiri, koma osati kangapo. Ndikokwanira kumunyowetsa chomera chilichonse masiku 6 mpaka 7, kupewa madzi osungunuka mumphika ndi poto. Koma sikoyenera kupereka dziko lapansi kuti liume mu duwa la maluwa, ngati chilimwe ndichotentha, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira kamodzi pakatha masiku 4-5.
Kalanchoe amafunika kuthirira koyenera
Chinyezi
Chomera chimakhala chachikulu popanda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa komanso chinyezi chambiri m'chipindacho - ndikokwanira kumusambitsa nthawi ndi nthawi kapena kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa, ndikuchotsa fumbi kwa iwo. Ndipo koposa zonse, ngati muli ndi khonde kapena pazenera lalikulu, loikani mumsewu, momwe mungakhalire bwino.
Dothi
Palibe zofunika zapadera pakapangidwe dothi chomera - chimamveka bwino pazigawo zochepa komanso zopepuka. Koma, monga alimi a maluwa odziwa ntchito amakamba, nthaka yabwino kwambiri imaperekanso mchenga momwe. Komanso, mphika uyenera kukhala ndi madzi abwino pansi. Kwa Kalanchoe, pH yoyenera ndi 5.0-6.5. Ngati simukugula osakaniza omaliza m'sitolo, mutha kukonza nokha. Ndikokwanira kusakaniza monga zoyenera:
- masamba a humus - 1 gawo;
- turf ndi mchenga - gawo limodzi lirilonse;
- Hafu ya makala amoto ndi njerwa.
Chenjezo! Kusintha kapangidwe ka dothi ndikusintha kwambiri, 10 g yamafupa chakudya amawonjezeredwa pa 10 malita. Uwu ndi mtundu wina wazowonjezera feteleza pazomera.
Kalanchoe amafunika dothi loyenerera maluwa
Feteleza wa Kalanchoe
Chomera sichikufuna pamtunda wa dothi, koma ngati ndikofunikira kuti Kalanchoe atulutsa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo ngakhale ataphuka, amapatsanso masamba, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza dothi. Izi zitha kukhala chakudya chapadera chokoma. Ndipo ngati chitsamba chayamba kale kuphuka kapena kuphatikiza masamba, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa feteleza wophatikizira kapena kuphatikizika kwa maluwa.
Chenjezo! Musanagwiritse ntchito feteleza, onetsetsani kuti mwawerengera malangizo ndi mapesedwe ake. Sikoyenera kuwonjezera zoposa zomwe zimafunikira, popeza zochulukirapo za feteleza zimatha kupha mbewuyo.
Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa
Kusamalira ana ndi pang'ono pa Kalanchoe sikuyenera kuperekedwa nthawi yamaluwa okha, komanso pambuyo pake. Ngati mbewuyo "yatopa", yayitali kwambiri, kapena ikukhwima - chitani kudulira kwake. Izi sizongochotsa masamba ndi maluwa akale, komanso kudulira kwa mphukira zazitali, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo kudula ndi kufalitsa mbewu.
Pambuyo pakuchepetsa, phukusi la maluwa limasakanizidwa pamalo ozizira komanso osasunthika, koma osati malo amdima - izi zimatsimikizira nthawi yopumira yokwanira. Ngati mphukira zazing'ono zimayamba kuwoneka panthawiyi, ziduleni pamlingo wachitatu wa masamba kuchokera muzu, kuwaletsa kuti asatambule mpaka m'mwamba. Izi ziyenera kuchitika mpaka kumapeto kwa Novembala.
Zomera zitaphuka, zimafunikira kukonzanso kwakanthawi, apo ayi Kalanchoe akhoza kufa. Kusinthaku kumachitika ndi njira ya kudula kumapeto kwa masika, pomwe masamba atsopano amawoneka pamiphukira yaying'ono, yomwe imaphuka mwachangu kuposa achikulire.
Imodzi mwanjira zosavuta kwambiri zolerera - kudula
Mukadulira, perekani mbewu kuti ipumule. Zonsezi zikuwonetsa kuti Kalanchoe sakhala chomera chokomera komanso chosangalatsa kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale woyambitsa sangakwanitse kugwira ntchito yosamalira.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Kalanchoe ali nawo okwanira, ndipo mwina ili ndi vuto lokhalokha pomusamalira. Eni ake chomera ayenera kudziwa zizindikiro ndi tizirombo tofala kwambiri.
Mochedwa
Malo amdima akuda omwe amawoneka m'madera achikulire ndi nthambi za duwa. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa chinyezi chambiri komanso kusungunuka kwamadzi mu poto, mpweya wokwanira m'chipindacho. Nthawi zambiri maonekedwe a matenda oterewa amayamba chifukwa cha feteleza wambiri munthaka, komanso kutentha kwambiri m'chipindacho.
Kuti muthane ndi vuto lakachedwa, muyenera kuyimitsa kapena kuchepetsa kuthirira, kusintha kapangidwe ka nthaka kapena kuthirira mbewu ndi fungicides. Zonse zimatengera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.
Powdery mildew
Pa masamba a mbewuyo, mawanga oyera ndi pang'onopang'ono amawoneka kuti akufanana ndi bowa. Pang'onopang'ono amadyera adzafa. Powdery mildew imatha chifukwa cha mpweya wouma wambiri m'chipindamo ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kuti muthane ndi vuto lanu, muyenera kuthira madzi nthawi zonse ndikukonzekera kusamba kwa chilimwe kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Ndipo onetsetsani kuti mukuchitira ndi fungicides omwe amapha bowa wa m'nthaka komanso chomera.
Chenjezo! Choopsa cha ufa wa powdery ndikuti chimafalikira mwachangu kudzera mumlengalenga ndipo chimatha kupatsira mbewu zabwino zathanzi.
Kugonjetsedwa kwa imvi zowola
Pa masamba ndi maluwa, mawonekedwe amtundu wotuwa ngati cobweb, dera lomwe limakula pang'onopang'ono. Ochita maluwa amatcha zifukwa zomwe zimawoneka ngati imvi zowola mopitirira muyeso, kuwala pang'ono, komanso mpweya wokwanira m'chipindacho.
Kuti muthane ndi zowola, ndikofunikira kupereka zowunikira (zowonjezera) ndi mpweya wabwino m'chipindamo, onetsetsani kuti mukumera mbewu ndi fungicides.
Aphid
Matenda ofala kwambiri omwe tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kapena mtundu wobiriwira wakuda amawoneka pa masamba. Kuphatikiza apo, masamba amatembenukira chikasu, maluwa ndi masamba adzagwa.
Kuti muchotse nsabwe za m'masamba, muyenera kutsuka chomera ndi madzi ofunda ndi sopo, kenako ndikudulira nthambi zomwe zidasokonekera, masamba owuma. Chofunikira pankhaniyi ndikupewa madzi amchere kuti asalowe pansi.
Aphid ku Kalanchoe - Chimodzi mwa Zilombo Zodziwika Bwino
Zikopa
Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tokhala ndi imvi.
Chenjezo! Chomera chikakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, timayala tofiyira kumera pamasamba ndikukula ndikukula kwa fungus ndikuyambitsa, palibe peduncle, ndipo maluwa omwe akukhudzidwa kale amagwa.
Ndikukwanira kusamalira mbewu mosamala ndi yankho lolephera, kenako ndikuchotsa mankhwalawo patapita kanthawi, chithandiziraninso chitsamba chomwe chasokonekera.
Monga lamulo, malinga ndi malingaliro onse ndi chithandizo choyenera, Kalanchoe imabwezeretsedwa palokha, ndikupeza msipu wobiriwira nthawi yayifupi, yosangalatsa ndi maluwa ake ambiri.
Kalanchoe ndi chomera chokongola komanso chosasangalatsa, chomwe, chisamaliro choyenera, chimatha kusangalatsa ndi mtundu wake m'miyezi yozizira osati kokha. Chachikulu ndikuwonetsetsa muyezo wothirira, kuonetsetsa kuti pakutseka kwambiri komanso kuvala zovala zapamwamba panthawi yake - zonsezi ndi zinsinsi zosavuta. Kwa chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro, mmera umakongoletsa mkati ndi mtundu wokongola, masamba athanzi ndi mitundu yowala.
