Okonda ma Cactus nthawi zambiri sapeza buku limodzi lokha, koma kusakaniza kwathunthu kwa khumi ndi awiri, kapena awiri azomera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kwambiri. Kusamalira cacti kutengera ndi omwe amachokera - chipululu, nkhalango, kapena ngati euphorbia wotchuka, ku banja la euphorbia.
Momwe mungasamalire nkhadze
Pogula m malo ogulitsira, nthawi zambiri amapereka malingaliro a momwe angasamalire kactus wina kunyumba. Amuna ambiri ooneka bwino amakhala osadzikuza, koma kusiyana mumikhalidwe yakumangidwa kumapezekabe.
Banja la cactus ndilosiyanasiyana komanso lokongola.
Njira yothirira
Kuchita bwino kwa mbewu kumatengera kutsirira koyenera komanso mtundu wamadzi.
M'chilimwe, chipululu cha cacti (xerophytes) ndi euphorbia chofunikira chimayenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata; M'nyengo yozizira yokha ndiyokwanira. Ndikwabwino kuchita izi m'mawa, kuti nthawi yamadzulo dothi limakhala ndi nthawi youma mpaka masentimita 2-3.
Forest (yotentha) cacti imamizidwa madzi nthawi zambiri. M'nyengo yozizira - kawiri pa sabata, nyengo yotentha - monga pamwamba pamtunda padzala.
Dothi lonyowa liyenera kukhala lonyowa kwathunthu, pomwe kuli kosatheka kuteteza madzi ndipo, makamaka, kusayenda kwa madzi. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osasefa kapena osakanizidwa osagwirizana ndi pH.
Zofunika! Zosasunthika komanso zowongoleredwa sizingangowononga mawonekedwe, komanso zimatha kuwononga mizu yokhazikika yomwe imayamwa michere.
Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kokwanira kokwanira
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Cacti sakhala ovomerezeka, koma amafunikira chisamaliro. M'nyengo yotentha, cacti onse ndi othandiza kwambiri kuti akhale pamsewu. Ma Xerophytes ndi milkweed palibe kutentha kwakukulu sikumapweteka, amakonda kutentha ndi dzuwa lowala. Komabe, kutentha kukatsika mpaka + madigiri a 5-7, amafunika kubweretsedwa mnyumbamo, ngakhale dzuwa litawala ndi mphamvu komanso mumsewu.
M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuwasunga mchipinda momwe kuyambira +5 mpaka +15 C. Kumanzere, kumapitiriza kukula, ndipo popeza kulibe kuwala kokwanira nthawi yachisanu, iwo adzatambalala ndikugwada molunjika kuzowala, ndikupeza mawonekedwe oyipa. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yambiri yopanda matalala sikhala pachimake.
Forest cacti, monga aporocactus wattled ndi Schlumberger - wotchedwanso mtengo wa Khrisimasi ndi Decembrist - amafunika kutentha kuzizira masana komanso nthawi yotentha usiku. Ngati usiku kuyambira +13 mpaka +16 madigiri, maluwa ake adzaza ndi kutalika.
Decembrist amasangalatsa pachaka chatsopano
Chinyezi
Kusamalira kwa cactus kumaphatikiza kuwongolera chinyezi. Cacti amachokera kumapululu komanso theka-zipululu, motero ndikwabwino kubzala muzipinda zokhala ndi mpweya wouma, wowuma.
Forest cacti amakonda malo onyowa. Ndikosavuta kusungitsa chinyezi 80-90 peresenti mu nyumbayo, yomwe ndiyabwino kwambiri, koma mutha kupanga malo abwino okhala ngati mumathira mafuta nthawi zonse. Mu nyengo yotentha yotentha, ndikofunikira kuchita izi tsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi yozizira - kangapo pamwezi.
Kuwala
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukula bwino kwa mbewu ndikukula kwa mbewu ndikuwunikira. Ma sapulogalamu ena amakonda kukhala padzuwa mwachindunji, enanso amafunikira kuwala, pomwe ena amakonda kukhala pamthunzi.
Zofunika! Desert cacti imafunikira kuwala kowala, chifukwa malo abwino kwambiri ndi iwo pazowoneka ngati zenera kumwera kapena kumwera chakum'mawa. M'chilimwe, amatha kupita naye kukhonde kapena, ngati kuli kotheka, kumunda, khitchini ya khitchini, bwalo, kotero kuti ali dzuwa lotseguka. Uku ndiko kupewa bwino kwamatenda ambiri.
Forest cacti imathandizanso posamalira. Amafunikira kuunika, koma sangayime. Amayikidwa bwino pazenera loyang'ana kumadzulo kapena kumpoto. M'nyengo yotentha, ndizofunikira kuti azikhala panja, koma m'malo otetezeka.
Euphorbia imakula bwino pamthunzi komanso dzuwa. Itha kusungidwa nthawi yonse ya chilimwe pakhonde kapena mumsewu.
Kuwala ndikofunikira ku photosynthesis ndipo ndi kothandiza kwambiri pakupanga ndi kutulutsa maluwa kwa macacti onse. Ndi kupanda kwake, amasiya mtundu wawo wachilengedwe, samapereka kukula ndipo mwina sangakhale masamba kwa zaka. Kuti mupewe izi, m'zipinda zakuda, komanso nthawi yozizira, pakakhala masiku ochepa dzuwa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi owonjezera.
Chowonjezera chowala - kuyatsa kochita kupanga
Dothi
Dothi lodzala cacti lingagulidwe m'masitolo apadera. Koma mutha kuphika nokha, chifukwa nthaka yolandidwa nthawi zonse imapangidwa chifukwa cha peat, yomwe siyabwino konse. Pansi pazachilengedwe, iwo amakula panthaka youma, mchere, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa dzuwa lotentha pali tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri.
Zofunika! Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala m'mizu yachilengedwe titha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka pang'ono ndi kufa kwa gawo la mizu, komanso kufa kwa mbewu.
Kuphatikizika kwabwino kwa cacti kwamtchire ndi gawo laling'ono lopatsa thanzi lomwe limapangidwa ndi dimba la m'munda, mchenga wabwino wamtsinje ndi kuwonjezera kwa perlite kapena pumice. Muthanso kuwonjezera chakudya chamfupa pang'ono.
Kusakaniza kwa dothi la cacti kuyenera kukhala kotayirira komanso kupuma. Mu chilengedwe, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'miyala kapena m'mitengo yotentha, kudya zakudya zosavomerezeka ndi madzi amvula. Chifukwa chake, nthaka ya epiphytic cacti imaphatikizapo:
- dziko la turf;
- pepala lapansi;
- mchenga;
- lowat peat;
- makala.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kusamalira cacti kumaphatikizaponso kudyetsa pafupipafupi ndi feteleza wazovuta wa mchere. Monga lamulo, zimachitika panthawi yanthawi yogwira ntchito, ndiye kuti, nthawi yamasika komanso theka loyamba la chilimwe.
Kunyumba, sizotheka nthawi zonse kukonzekera feteleza wabwino. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuti mugule m'sitolo ndikugwiritsa ntchito malingana ndi malangizo. Mwachitsanzo, mu mndandanda wa feteleza wa Flower Paradise pali nyimbo za cacti.
Zofunika! Sizikulimbikitsidwa kuvala pamwamba panthawi yopuma. Izi siziyenera kuchitika mutabzala; muyenera kudikirira mpaka mizu itakula.
Kudyetsa komanso, nthawi yomweyo, pochotsa dothi, nthawi zina nkhalango zam'madzi zimathirira madzi ndi njira yofiirira ya pinki ya manganese.
Boric acid ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yolimbikitsira maluwa. Imasintha kagayidwe kachakudya, imachulukitsa zomwe zili mu chlorophyll mumasamba, zimathandizira kukana kwa mbewu. Njira yothetsera imapangidwa pamlingo wa 0,1 g wa boric acid pa madzi okwanira 1 litre. Spray kumayambiriro kwamasika.
Cacti adzayankha posamalira ndi maonekedwe abwino komanso maluwa opaka bwino.
Zofunika! Kuvala kwapamwamba kumakhala bwino madzulo kapena kwamvula. Izi zisanachitike, mbewuyo imayenera kuthiriridwa madzi.
Njira Zakuthamangitsira kwa Cactus
Kuthira kumalimbikitsa kukula, kumalimbikitsa maluwa bwino. Zomera zing'onozing'ono zimasinthidwa pachaka, ndizokwanira kupititsa zakale kamodzi pachaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, pomwe malo onse osungirako tanki amakhala ndi mizu. Kwa toyesa wathanzi, nthawi yabwino kwambiri yosinthira masika ndi nthawi yachilimwe. Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zowola, nkhungu kapena tizirombo zimasulidwa nthawi iliyonse pachaka.
Pazomwe mungafunike muyenera:
- mphikawo ndiwotalika masentimita angapo kuposa woyamba uja - kutalika kwake kumatengera mtundu wa kactus; pogula, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuchuluka kwa ngalande;
- nthaka yapadera;
- zidutswa zochepa kuchokera pachiwiya chadongo chomwe chidasweka - zimalepheretsa kutaya kwa nthaka kudzera m'maenje okumba m'mene kuthirira;
- ngalande - dongo lokulitsa, tchipisi tamatina kapena timiyala ting'onoting'ono kuti tikhe madzi ambiri ndikuwonjezera kuperewera kwa nthaka.
Epiphyte cacti amakula msanga kuposa ena chipululu. Kuti muwone ngati akufunika kumuyika, mutha kuwona. Ngati mizu yoyera idawoneka mu dzenje lakutsatira, ndipo gawo lakutsogolo likuwoneka lalikulupo poyerekeza ndi mphikawo, ndiye nthawi yakuphatikizira yafika.
Zomera zazing'ono za Decembrist ndi ma epiphytes ena zimasinthidwa kamodzi pachaka, zakale kamodzi pachaka 3-4. Zombo zatsopano ziyenera kukhala zokulirapo, popeza mizu ya m'nkhalangozi ndi yofalikira kwambiri kuposa mkati, ndipo ili pafupi ndi pamwamba.
Matenda a fungus amatha kugonjetsedwa ndi epiphytic cacti; kusamalira mizu yonyowa komanso yowonongeka pang'ono - kupatsidwa. Ngati mizu yawonongeka kwambiri, kuzika mizu kokha ndiko kungapulumutse vutolo.
Momwe mungadulira khansa yodwala
Gawo lamtengowo labwinobwino limadulidwamo ndikuikamo madzi kwa masiku angapo. Mizu ikawonekera, mbewuyo imabzalidwa mumphika wamaluwa watsopano. Njira yodzala ndi phytohormone idzathandizira; Zimapangitsa mapangidwe a mizu ndikuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira.
Zofunika! Popewa kuwonongeka kwa manja pakupatsirana, ndikofunika kuvala magolovu. Zimatengera nsalu kapena manyuzipepala kuti amange mbewu yaminga.
Kusamalira bwino nkhadze ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopatsira maluwa. Zifukwa zomwe zimathandizira sizimachita pachimake kapena sizimachitika kawirikawiri ndizosiyana: matenda; Kutentha kwambiri kapena kutentha kwambiri; kuthilira kwambiri ndi chinyezi chambiri cha cacti yothana ndi chilala; mpweya mchipinda chofunda uduma. Kukonzanso miphika pafupipafupi kumakhalanso koopsa.
Mukamasunga mavutowa ndikuwadyetsa mankhwala ochokera ku mitundu ina, amakusangalatsani ndi maluwa akutali komanso ochulukirapo. Mwachitsanzo, maluwa okongola a pinki, ofiirira kapena ofiira a aporocactus amakongoletsa mikanda yake yayitali kuyambira pa Okutobala mpaka Juni.
Aporocactus ndiwowoneka modabwitsa
Nthawi zina amafunsa momwe angadulire kacusiyo komanso ngati zikuyenera kuchitika konse. Mitundu yathanzi, yomwe imakula pang'onopang'ono sifunika kudulira. Koma kuchuluka kwakakulidwe kamkaka kwakanema ndi mitundu yowonongeka ndi matenda kuyenera kudulidwa; woyamba - kupewa kukula kwambiri, chachiwiri - kukhalabe wathanzi komanso mawonekedwe okongoletsa. Mitundu yamtchire imachotsanso mphukira zachilengedwe - sizikhalanso ndi maluwa. Ngati cacti akudwala, chisamaliro chimaphatikizapo kudulira mokakamiza.
Momwe mungadulire khola
Pofatsa momwe mungathere, mdulidwe umathandizira kupanga mpeni wakugwiritsa ntchito. Milkweed imatulutsa msuzi wambiri ukadulira. Ndiye kuti mutayanika palibe chingwe choyera pa thunthu, kudulidwaku kumayenera kufafanizidwa ndi chopukutira.
Mukamayesa kusintha chomera pogwiritsa ntchito kudulira, njira zopewera kukakamizidwa ndizovomerezeka - minga yazomera nthawi zambiri imasiya mabala akuchiritsa nthawi yayitali.
Zofunika! Madzi amkaka wamkaka ndi oopsa. Kufika pakhungu, kumayambitsa kutentha. Pofuna kuti musavutike pokonza, muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri ndipo nthawi zonse muzigwira ntchito pamagloves olimba.
Pofalitsa mbewu za cactus, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwanjira zotsatirazi:
- ana
- mbewu;
- kudula.
Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya ma suppulents amabereka onse monga ana komanso ngati mbewu. Sizotheka nthawi zonse kupeza mbewu pabwino, chifukwa kubereka kumachitika kawirikawiri ndi ana ndi kudula. Nthawi zina, pofuna kukonza thanzi, kuzika kwa gawo lonse la tsinde kumachitika.
Euphorbia imafalikira ndi mphukira zamtsogolo.
Rebucia ndi Mammillaria ali okonzeka kugawana ana
Kubalana ana
Ana ndi njira zazing'ono zonunkhira pa tsinde lalikulu. Zinthu monga chipululu ndi ma mamillaria zimakhala ndi zochuluka.
Zabwino kwambiri zimakula pafupi ndi korona. Nthawi zina amadzigwetsera pansi, nthawi zina amafunika kudzipatula ndi ma tweezers. Kugwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi mizu yaying'ono ngati ulusi yomwe imawathandiza kuzika mizu pamalo atsopano. Kuti mawanga owonda asakhale pa chomera, ndibwino kuchotsa ana mosamala akakhala ochepa.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Njirayi imatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kukulitsa chiyerekezo chatsopano kuchokera kwa shank kapena khanda, koma njira iyi imakuthandizani kuti musunge mawonekedwe abwinobwino a subspecies kapena mitundu.
Maluwawo akamazirala, mabokosi ambewu omagwa amachoka ndipo mbewuzo zimatsitsidwa. Asanabzale, ndikofunikira kuziwasungira mufiriji - stratization imapereka kumera kwapamwamba mtsogolo.
Momwe mungafalitsire cactus ndi zodula
Poyerekeza mawonekedwe amtali komanso mumkaka wamkaka, kumtunda kwa tsindeyo kumadulidwa (masentimita 10-15), gawo limatsukidwa bwino kuti muchotse mandawo - likauma, limapanga filimu yomwe imalepheretsa kukula kwa mizu, ndipo imayuma pamithunzi. Pambuyo masiku angapo, phesi lakonzeka kubzala.
Zindikirani! Cacti otentha amatchukanso mbewu zonse ndi zipatso zake. Kwa Decembrist (Schlumberger), aporocactus wattled ndi alendo ena ochokera kumalo otentha, nthawi yabwino kwambiri yodzala zidutswazo ndi kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Juni.
Momwe mungazule mitengo ya nkhalango
Magawo angapo apamwamba samatulutsidwa kuchokera ku chomera cha mayiyo mozungulira, chouma usiku mthunzi ndikubzala mbale yayikulu yonse, gawo limodzi lachitatu lokhala ndi gawo lapansi. Ngati pali wowonjezera kutentha, ikani kumeneko, ngati sichoncho, chomeracho chimakutidwa ndi mtsuko wagalasi ndikuwulutsa nthawi ndi nthawi. Nthawi ndi nthawi, phesi limayenera kuthiridwa kuti lizikhala chinyontho chachikulu pansi pa zotheka.
Kufalikira Echinopsis
Pakadali pano pali mitundu yopitilira 2000 ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zokongoletsera za cacti. Mitundu yawo yakunja ndiyodabwitsa. Ambiri a cacti ndi a zaka zana, koma amatha kutulutsa kokha ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Mwachitsanzo, echinopsis, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, ngakhale malo okhala mchipinda, amatha kukhala ndi moyo wopitilira theka la zaka ndipo zonsezi kwa nthawi yayitali musangalatse diso ndi kukongola kwachilendo.
