Ngati mumakonda chithumwa cha kununkhira kwakanthawi ndi kukongola kowonjezereka kwa jasmine, ndiye kuti m'munda mutha kuyika "kawiri" wake. Chubushnik chipale chofewa chimayenda modabwitsa komanso mokongola kwambiri. Kutanthauziridwa mu Chirasha, pali zosankha zingapo za dzina lake: "kukongola chisanu", "belu la chipale chofewa" kapena "snowball" - monga momwe mumafunira. Chinthu chimodzi chimawagwirizanitsa - kukongola, osati otsika kuposa jasmine weniweni.
Kufotokozera kwamasewera a chipale chofewa
Garden jasmine amachedwa molakwika-chisangalalo, ndi mtundu wa Philadelphus wa banja la Gortenziev. Kukula nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotsika, mpaka 1.5 metres. Ndizosangalatsa kuti chisoti chachifumu chozungulira chikufanana ndi kutalika kwake, ndipo chimawoneka ngati belu loyera kapena snowball yosalala.
Maluwa amapezeka ngati maluwa oyera ngati oyera, onunkhira bwino, ofanana ndi fungo la jasmine. Masamba awiri masentimita atatu amawonekera pazimphukira za chaka chatha. Limamasula mpaka mwezi wa June, kuyambira mu Meyi.
Maluwa amatsekera
Chomera sikuti chimafuna zonse munthaka komanso chisamaliro chambiri. Imalekerera chilala ndi chisanu mwangwiro, palinso kuphatikiza kwakukulu - sikuopa kuwonongeka kwa mpweya wam'mizinda.
Koma sikuti zonse zili zangwiro. Chubushniki silivomereza kulekerera kwamadzi, ndipo amawopa kukwera kwamadzi. Nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale ali ojambulidwa, amalimbana ndi kugwedezeka kwa mitengo yoyandikana mofatsa. Zowona, ndi mthunzi wambiri, kukula kwa mphukira kumayamba. Amathamanga, ndikupondera kukongola kokongola kwa utoto.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Kale, mapaipi osuta, otchedwa chubuki, amapangidwa kuchokera ku mapesi a anthu onyoza, opanda kanthu mkati. Chifukwa chake jasmine waku Russia adadzipatsa dzina pakapita nthawi. Ndipo dzina Lachilatini limabwereranso ku Egypt ku King Philadelphia.
Kubzala chomera
M'minda yamtundu waku Russia, otonza amakhala ngati chipolopolo wamba. Choyamba, malo dzuwa amawoneka ndipo nyengo imasankhidwa: mwina kumayambiriro kwa masika, kale masamba asanathere, kapena kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira.
M'pofunika kusunga mtunda wa 1 mita kuchokera ku malo ena okula pafupi. Ngati cholinga ndikulakalaka kupeza mpanda, ndiye kuti mipata imeneyi imatha kuchepetsedwa kufika pa 0.5 m.Patsogolo pake, milungu iwiri isanabzalidwe, muyenera kukonzekera kutaya kwa 50 ndi 50 cm ku chitsamba chilichonse. Mukapanga kapangidwe ka maluwa, ngalande imakonzedwa m'malo mwa dzenje.
M'dothi lolemera, wosanjikiza wotsiriza umayala ndi ngalande kuchokera kumiyala. Kenako amadzaza ndi magawo atatu padziko lapansi ndi masamba, gawo limodzi la humus ndi mchenga awiri. Mosamala kwambiri, muyenera kuthana ndi muzu wa mmera, womwe suyenera kuyikidwa mmanda, wokwanira 2 cm kuti mupewe kuwola. Kuthirira mozungulira-tsinde lozungulira chomera mowolowa manja kumafuna kutseka ndi mulch.
Kutambalala ndi kuthirira mu chojambulachi
Kubzala mbewu
Kukula kuchokera kumbewu kumafuna njira yoyenera, yomwe imayenera kuwerengedwa mwatsatanetsatane:
- nthanga zimatha kukolola mutakhwima kapena kugula. Iyenera kuwafesa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe - izi zili m'masiku omaliza a February kapena m'masiku oyamba a Marichi;
- Musanabzale, konzani dothi kuchokera pazofunikira zitatu: mchenga, humus ndi tchipisi cha peat;
- Mbeu zosankhika musanatsekeredwe timazidulira mu zotheka kuchokera kumadzi ndi kuphatikiza ndi chokupatsani mphamvu. Ndi kupirira osachepera maola atatu;
- pambuyo pake, osachotsa m'matangadza, ikani zikani utuchi masiku ena awiri;
- nthawi itachotsedwa ndi kupukutidwa;
- m'nthaka yokonzedwa kale m'miyala, pangani ma grooves, phatikizani nthaka pang'ono ndikubzala mbewu patali masentimita 5 aliwonse;
- ndiye kuwaza ndi peat pamwamba, inyowetsani pang'ono pang'ono ndikuyembekezera modekha kutuluka kwa mbande;
- masamba oyamba amawonekera, mbewuzo zimasunthidwa kumakankhidwe osiyanasiyana ndipo zikumakula kale pakhonde kufikira itafika 30 cm;
- Chofunika koposa, kuyang'anira chinyezi kuti dothi lisadume.
Asanabzale, mbande zimanyamulidwa kumtunda kuti ziume. Pozolowera, amatha kukhala tsiku lachilengedwe.
Tcherani khutu! Ngati chisanu sichikuyembekezeredwa, ndiye kuti mutha kudzala mbande m'munda mu nthawi yophukira. Kwa nthawi yozizira, musaiwale kuphimba ndi wosanjikiza masamba, ndipo ngati pali lapnik, muthanso nawo.
Kubzala mbande panthaka
Muyenera kusamala ndikupanga malo abwino azomera zomwe mumakonda, kenako ndizosangalatsa kuyambira zaka 25 mpaka 35. Mtundu wa maziko ndi mfundo zitatu zofunika:
- Masamba osankhidwa
- dothi lokha ndi dothi losakaniza;
- mtunda ndi kuya.
Kusankhidwa kwa gawo la "anu"
Opambana kwambiri adzakhala malo opanda phokoso okhala ndi kuyatsa kwabwino kwambiri mpaka masana. Mthunzi womwe ungakhale wotalika kutalika kwa tsiku. Muyenera kusankha mbali yakumwera kwa dimba. Zingakhale zofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti madzi apansi pansi samakhala pano padziko lapansi mkati mwa masentimita 150.
Acidity imathandizanso
Dothi louma silabwino konse, limafunikira ngalande zamphamvu ndi dothi losavuta kwambiri. Ngati dothi limakhala lochenga, ndiye kuti ngalande sizofunika, ndiponso, gawo lina la mchenga lidzasinthidwa kukhala dimba lamunda.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Kuti mukondweretse zokondweretsa zonse, ngati kukugwa kwa chipale chofewa, malinga ndi akatswiri, kumafunikira nthaka yachonde, komwe chinyontho ndi kupezeka kwa mpweya kudzakhala kwakukulu. Acidity ya dothi iyenera kukhala pafupi ndi kusalabadira. Mulingo woyenera kwambiri umawonedwa kuti ndi pH kuchokera 6.5 mpaka 7.5.
Khalani kutali
Kuyandikira kwa kubzala kumawerengeredwa molunjika kuchokera ku mtundu wa mbewu. Nthawi zambiri amachokera ku 80 mpaka 140 cm.Ngati anakonza ngati mpanda, ndiye kuchokera 60 mpaka 80 cm. Kuzama mpaka 3 cm.
Momwe angasamalire
Chomera chimafuna chisamaliro.
Kuthirira
Mukamatera, muyenera kuthilira madzi ambiri. Osachepera 30 malita nthawi. Ngati nyengo ili mvula, ndiye kuti masiku 7 aliwonse, komanso chilala, ndiye tsiku lina lililonse. Masamba amagwira ntchito monga chisonyezero cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi padziko lapansi, chomwe chimatsikira ngati chinyezi sichokwanira.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Dothi lomasuka ndilimodzi mwazofunikira. Mango utatha ludzu, liyenera kumasulidwa masentimita 8, kenako ndikuyalika. Izi zimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yolimba komanso madzi azikhala. Ndi mulching akhama, mutha kungomanga zigawo mtsogolo.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, palibe chifukwa chofunikira. Izi zitha kuwonongeka mpaka mizu itakhazikika kwathunthu. Pakatha chaka, mochmallow yoyamwitsidwa imadyetsedwa: chidebe chonse cha madzi a nayitrogeni ophika kupita ku tchire lonse. Ngakhale mphukira zadulidwa kale, njira ya "kudyetsa" ikupitirirabe.
Kudulira
Mphukira zapachaka za jasmine zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala masamba. Ziyenera kukhala nthawi yomweyo, pamene maluwa akuchitika, ndichotse nthambi zonse ndi ma inflorescence, kuti mphamvu zonse za chomera zinalunjikitsidwa pakupanga mphukira zatsopano. Nyengo yachisanu isanachitike, amachotsa nthambi zowonjezera kuti apange korona wokongola. Ndipo, chabwino, chotsani mphukira zonse zowonongeka. Chifukwa chodulira, ndizotheka "kutsitsimutsa" chitsamba chakale chomwe chikutha. Ndikokwanira kudula kwambiri nthambi zonse mpaka muzu kumayambiriro kwa masika, ndikungosunga ochepa mwamphamvu. Monga kusamala, kuwachepetsa mpaka 30 cm.
Impso zakhumudwitsidwa pamaponda awa zimadzuka, ndipo mphukira zazing'ono zidzawoneka, zomwe mtsogolomo zimakhala korona wokongola.
Jasmine kutulira
Njira zolerera
Jasmine wa m'munda amafalikira m'njira ziwiri: zomera komanso mbewu. Koma lachiwiri, mawonekedwe amtundu wa mbewu samasungidwa nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chake njira yoyamba ndiyodalirika - pofalitsa poyala kapena kudula wobiriwira.
Kudula
Mwachitsanzo, pa upangiri wamaluwa waluso, izi zitha kuchitika motere. Pa mphukira yokhazikitsidwa bwino pachaka, dulani nsonga zosaposa masentimita 15. Kuti muthane masamba onse am'munsi kuduladula. Ikani magalasi, pang'ono odzazidwa ndi zosakaniza zachilengedwe. Phimbani ndi kapu kuchokera m'botolo la pulasitiki wamba. Musaiwale kuthira madzi, onetsetsani kuti mpweya wabwino ndiwosenda bwino. Ndi mawonekedwe pa zodulidwa masamba obiriwira - kumuika.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Kuyika
Kufalitsa ma tepi sikovuta. Choyamba muyenera mphukira wachichepere, wokhala pansi, kukumba pang'ono. Tsamba, lalitali 20 cm, limakhalabe pamwamba "mwaulere". Yang'anirani malo omwe nthambi imakutidwa ndi lapansi, kuti nthawi zonse imakhala chinyezi. Kenako, mphukirayo ukazika mizu, umadulidwa ndipo limodzi ndi mtanda womatira.
Kufalitsa nthambi
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Matenda a fungal amatha kupatsira jasmine wa m'munda ngati chisamaliro chimatengedwa molakwika. Mawonekedwe osakhazikika ndi zowola zazimuna wamba ndizofala kwambiri kuposa ena. Ma spider nthata, nsabwe za m'masamba, mafinya, hawthorns zimatha kutsutsa kukongola kwachilengedwe. Kuti tipewe izi, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa mundawo m'munda wonse pakutupa kwa impso kungathandize.
Kukonzekera yozizira
Kuyambira nthawi yophukira, mizu imafunikira kutentha kwanyengo ndi humus kapena mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kompositi. Kuonjezera kukana chisanu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuwonjezera kwa feteleza wa potaziyamu-phosphorous. Chofunika kwambiri kutchinga ndi kokonati yomwe imayikidwa pansi. Momwe chipale chofewa chikuwonekera, imagona tulo mpaka itapeza phindu. Mitengo yozizira kwambiri, mitundu ina imataya nthambi zomwe zimakhala pamwamba pa chipale chofewa. Koma izi sizowopsa. Mabasi amiseche okonda kutentha amatha kuphimbidwa kwathunthu. Chapakatikati, dzuwa litayamba kutentha, zimayambiranso.
Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake
Coronarius woseketsa-wamiseche, malinga ndi malongosoledwe, amaonekera pakati pa mitundu yonse mwamphamvu. Mulitali kutalika kwa 1.5 m ndi mpaka 2m.Maluwa a Terry ali ndi mainchesi 4 cm ndikuwoneka ngati mipira, akupanga maburashi azidutswa 7. Mtundu woyera wonyezimira komanso fungo labwino kwambiri losasakanikirana ndi chilichonse. Maluwa amatenga milungu itatu, kugunda pakati pa chilimwe.
Philadelphus snowbelle ndi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa jasmine wam'munda. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito ngati mpanda wokhala ndi moyo, ndikuthanso kukongoletsa bwino malo aliwonse amatauni, kuphatikiza ma boulevards, mabwalo, mapaki.
Kukongoletsa kwamapaki
Mbawala yozizira yomwe ili ndi chisoti chachifumu imakhala ndi dzina la mfumu ya mitengo yamaluwa. Udindowu umapezeka chifukwa chosadzindikiritsa, kukongola kwapadera kwamaluwa ndi kukhazikika. M'mundamo, silingafanane ndi kukongola kwawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! M'masiku oyambilira a chilimwe, munthu wonyoza amaphatikizidwa ndi chifanizo cha mkwatibwi, mu chophimba cha airy chophimba cha maluwa oyera osakhwima. M'njira ya fungo lonunkhira bwino. Zoposa zaka 10 tchire zimakula komanso kusangalatsa wamaluwa.
Kapangidwe kakang'ono kwambiri ka mpira wa chipale chofewa kumawoneka bwino kwambiri motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa nyumba zomanga njerwa. Mitundu yomwe imamera m'munsi mozungulira m'madziwe okongoletsedwa bwino idzakongoletsa malowo, kapena ikwanira mokwanira pansi pa mitengo ikuluikulu. Mitundu iwiri kapena itali mikono itali itali itali amakhalanso khwalala labwino kwambiri lomwe limamasulidwa ngakhale mutadulira. Dzuwa lotere ndilotchuka kwambiri, zipilala ndi zotchingira zokhala pawokha zimasewera mosiyana ndi zokongoletsera zotere.
Zokongoletsa zakumbuyo ya nyumba yofiyira
Chifukwa chake, Chubushnik ndichomera chachilengedwe chonse kotero kuti chimatha kugwira ntchito iliyonse pazokongoletsa zoyambirira. Garden jasmine panthawi yamaluwa idzadzaza aliyense ndi malingaliro abwino, ndipo fungo lapadera limapereka malingaliro.
