Matenda a Marigold - Chifukwa Chomwe Amasiya Kuuma

Marigolds (ma tagete) ndi omwe amakhala m'munda uliwonse. Amapezeka m'mabedi a maluwa akumatauni, kusangalatsa maso a anthu odutsa. Podzaza mpweya ndi fungo losasiyanasiyananso, amakondwerera pamakwerero a nyumba zapa mzindawo. Maluwa awa ndi odzichotsera kwathunthu pakukula. Komabe, wamaluwa ali ndi mafunso ambiri ngati tchire pazifukwa zina amatembenukira abuluu, ofiira kapena ofiirira. Ambiri samamvetsetsa choti achite ngati tizirombo tikuukira mbewu izi. Kuti matendawa asatengedwe modzidzimutsa, ndipo padatengedwa njira kuti athetsere munthawi yake, muyenera kudziwa matenda akuluakulu a marigolds, komanso tizilombo tomwe timavulaza maluwa.

Matenda a Marigold ndi chithandizo chawo

Tagete, poyerekeza ndi maluwa ena, sikuti amatenga matenda. Komabe, kuphwanya malamulo oyambira chisamaliro, kupanda chidwi ndi nthaka, kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba kumapangitsa kuti mbewu ziyambe kufota ndikufa.

Chifukwa chiyani masamba a marigold amasandulika ofiira

Omwe alimi ena ali pamalo oimapo ndipo samvetsa chifukwa chake masamba a marigold amasanduka ofiira. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti izi zimachitika chifukwa chosawasamalira. Chachiwiri, chifukwa choti mbewu zidwala.

Marigolds

Zotsatirazi zimapangitsa kuti masamba a marigold aguditsidwe:

• nyengo yozizira. Zimakhudza masamba a mbewu, chifukwa amatembenuka ofiira;
• dzuwa lotentha. Zimakhudzanso masamba, ndikupangitsa kuti mitundu yawo isinthe;
• thirani. Tchire liyenera kudutsa nthawi yowonjezera, ndipo nthawi imeneyi masamba awo amakhala ofiira;
• nthaka ya acidic. Ngati masamba a marigold atatembenuka ofiira, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa nthaka.

Zikuwoneka kuti zili bwino kuti masamba azomera adasanduka ofiira, ayi. Ndikokwanira kupenda chifukwa chomwe zinthu zotere zimachitikira, sizingatheke kuthetsa vuto lantchito.

Chifukwa chiyani marigolds samatulutsa: choti achite

Kutengera nyengo nyengo, muyenera kudikirira pafupi miyezi iwiri kuchokera nthawi yomwe zitsamba zobzalidwa m'nthaka kuti muwone momwe mbewu zimaphukira. Ngati pambuyo pake palibe chomwe chimayamba kuchitika, ndiye kuti mbande zimasamaliridwa bwino.

Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe marigolds samatulutsa ndi chochita nazo:

• kusowa kapena kuchuluka kwa feteleza. Marigolds amayenera kudyetsedwa ndi zokonzekera zomwe zili ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous (gawo lililonse limatengedwa mu 1 tbsp.spoon ndikusungunuka mu 10 l ya madzi, pomwe gawo loyenda nthawi yothirira liyenera kukhala 2-3 l pa 1 m²);
• madzi okwanira kapena okwanira. Maluwa amathiriridwa madzi tsiku lililonse, ngati chilimwe chimakhala chouma - m'mawa ndi madzulo (kumwa madzi - 20 l pa 1 m²);
• mulibe mpweya wokwanira pansi. Kuti mudzaze dothi ndi okosijeni, ndikofunikira kuti mumasulidwe kamodzi pa sabata;
• kuyatsa kokwanira. Mabasi amayenera kubzalidwa pamalo pomwe pali dzuwa, ngati izi sizingatheke, atha kuyikidwa mumthunzi.

Masamba a Marigold adasanduka oyera

Nthawi zina. Izi zitha kuonetsa kukhalapo kwa matendawa komanso kuthana ndi maluwa ndi tizirombo.

Chifukwa chiyani masamba a marigold amasanduka oyera? Zifukwa zazikulu:

• mbewu zimakhudzidwa ndi kangaude - mawanga oyera mawonekedwe a kangaude amawonekera pamasamba;
• tchire lidadwala matenda onga Powawa - kuwonjezera pa mawonekedwe a pepala pamasamba, amayamba kukulunga m'mbali.

Ngati masamba a marigold ndi oyera, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa posachedwa. Kupanda kutero, mbewuyo idzafa, ndipo kuyesayesa konse kukulitsa sikungakhale pachabe.

Marigold amachoka

Ngati marigold amasiya kupindika, chinthu choyamba chomwe muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti pali mitundu yokwanira yowunikira. Izi zimachitika kuti tchire lidakulira m'chipinda momwe mudalibe dzuwa, ndipo lidafikira kumadzuwa. Zikatero, masamba amatembenukira chikaso choyamba, kenako chowuma, kukulira m'mphepete, ndikugwa.

Masamba opindika amatha kuwonetsa kuti mbewu zimakhudzidwa ndi chlorosis kapena powdery hlobo.

Kodi marigold chlorosis amawonetsedwa bwanji?

Marigold chlorosis ndi matenda omwe mawonekedwe ake amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu zina zofunikira. Ndi matenda awa, mapangidwe a chlorophyll mumasamba amasokonezeka. Zakuti ma Tagete akudwala chlorosis zikuwoneka ndi izi:

• pamapepala mitsempha imakhala yobiriwira, ndipo mbale zake zimasanduka zachikaso;
• nsonga za mbewu ziuma;
• masamba kukula amakhala ochepa;
• masamba ali opunduka ndi kugwa;
• Kukula kwa mizu kumayimitsidwa.

Chithandizo cha chlorosis ndikuwonjezera ku dothi lomwe limatsata chinthu chomwe mbewuyo imasowa. Ngati zovuta zikubwera ndi tanthauzo lake, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuvala kwapamwamba kwambiri, komwe kuli ndi zonse zofunika.

Kodi ufa wofiyira m'migulu ya marigolds (lat.Erysiphaceae)

Powdery mildew imadziwika kuti ndi fungal matenda. Zikachitika, kuyera kwoyera kumawoneka ngati ufa pama masamba amasamba, omwe ambiri amatenga fumbi wamba. Ndiosavuta kuchotsa ndi chala, koma posakhalitsa imayambanso.

Matenda a Marigold

Ngati simulabadira izi kwa nthawi yayitali, mbewu yonseyo imakutidwa ndi zokutira. Popita nthawi, masamba ake amasanduka achikasu, ndipo atsopano amakula komanso amapota.

Kuchitira zitsamba kuchokera ku ufa wa ufa, fungicides amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kutengera sulufa.

Gray rot (lat. Botrytis cinerea)

Matendawa amakhudza mbewu kuzizira, nyengo yonyowa. Nthawi zambiri vutoli limakhala kokhazikika m'minda yamaluwa. Ngati masamba ndi thunthu la tchire lidetsedwa, mawanga achizungu adayamba kupanga pa iwo, ndiye nthawi yoyenera kuchitapo kanthu ndikupulumutsa mbewuzo ku zowola.

Matendawa amatha kufalikira mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, pazizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda, ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi duwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Kupanda kutero, matendawa amasintha ndikukula pafupi ndi mbewu.

Marigold wakuda zowola (lat.Guignardia bidwellii)

Mwendo wakuda ndi matenda ofala kwambiri a marigold. Zimakhudza makamaka mbewu zazing'ono. Gawo la m'munsi mwa timitengo timayamba kumada ndipo kenako limawola, pomwe duwa limamwalira.

Polimbana ndi zowola zakuda, chidwi chapadera chimaperekedwa kwa njira zodzitetezera. Nthawi zina mutha kuthirira mbewu ndi yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Ena mwa iwo akadwala, amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti apewe matenda a tchire lina.

Zizindikiro za vuto lakumapeto (lat. Phytophthora infestans)

Marigolds samadwala chifukwa cha vuto lakelo. M'malo mwake, maluwawo amabzalidwa pafupi ndi mbatata, tsabola, phwetekere ndi mbewu zina zomwe zimagwera bowa wamtundu wa Phytophthora infestans, zomwe zikutanthauza "kuwononga mbewu."

Kuwona bulauni kwa marigold (lat. Phyllosticta petuniae Sp.)

Kuwona ma brown sikuopa marigolds, chifukwa nawonso sangatenge matendawa.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda a Marigold

Marigolds ndi mbewu zosalemera. Komabe, kuwasamala mosayenera kumakwiyitsa kukula kwa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kuphwanya kotentha

Chifukwa chophwanya lamulo la kutentha, matenda otsatirawa amatha:

• ufa wa powdery (mpweya wakunja pansi pa 15 ° C);
• imvi zowola (kuzizira, nyengo yonyowa).

Kuthilira kuphwanya

Chifukwa chakuphwanya malamulo a ulimi wothirira, mavuto enawa akhoza kuchitika:

• powdery mildew (dothi limaphwa nthawi zonse kenako limatsanulidwa);
• mwendo wakuda (kudetsa khungu ndi kuwonongeka kwa zimayambira ndi kuthirira kwambiri);
• kukula kumatha (dothi lonyowa bwino);
• inflorescence yaying'ono (kusowa kwa chinyezi).

Kuchuluka chinyezi kumabweretsa kuthekera kotukuka kwama inflorescence pambuyo pa marigolds pachimake. Zimavunda, zomwe zimawononga mbewuzo.

Kusowa kwazitsulo

Ngati mbewu kapena mbande zikasanduka chikasu, ichi chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro chosowa chachitsulo. Vutoli limatha kutha mosavuta ngati mukuwonjezera kuvala, komwe kumakhala ndi zomwe zikusoweka.

Tizilombo

Nthawi zina zimakhala zosamveka bwino zomwe zimachitika m'maluwa: wina amadya marigold, kapena adwala matenda enaake, kapena akungosamalidwa mosayenera. M'malo mwake, ndikosavuta kuzindikira zomwe zikuchitika ndi tchire. Chachikulu ndikudziwa kuti tizirombo tomwe titha kuukira mbewuzi ndi zotsatira za ntchito yake yofunika.

Yemwe amadya marigold

Tizilombo tofala kwambiri tomwe timadya marigold ndi:

• wobiriwira moyera. Zimakhudza mbewu zomwe zimakula nyengo yotentha. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo ochepetsera mpweya osapezekapo kapena malo otseguka otentha kwambiri. Ndi gulugufe wachichepere. Chakudya chake chachikulu ndi msuzi kuchokera pamaluwa. Zomera, kachilombo kameneka kamatha kusiya mphutsi zake, zomwe zimayambitsa ubweya wawo. Kukhalapo kwa matendawa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuphimba kwakuda pamasamba a mbewu;

Greenhouse Whitefly

• nkhono ndi ulesi. Izi majeremusi a gulu la mollusk kalasi gnaw nthawi yamvula. Amadya masamba ndi zitsamba zonse ziwiri;
• Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayamwa madzi kuchokera ku masamba a marigold ndikuwawononga. Amayamba kuvunda, kenako nkuuma ndikugwa. Madera omwe akhudzidwa ndiosavuta kuwona: akuwoneka ngati ma piquence ang'onoang'ono m'dera lantchito za masamba;
• mbozi. Amadyera masamba amaluwa, chifukwa chomeracho chimataya zokongoletsera zake.

Kangaude wa Marigold

Tizilombo timeneti timafalitsa mbewu zazing'ono. Komabe, ngati chilimwe chili chotentha komanso chouma, chitha kuzunza baka. Tizilombo timeneti timafalikira m'malo owuma, motero ndikofunikira tikamamera tikamakulira kuti mpweya wabwino uzitha komanso chomera chambiri nthawi zambiri.

Kangaude wa kangaude pakawoneka marigold, masamba a tchire amatulutsa maluwa oyera. Kenako adzauma, ndikufa, nkugwa. Ndikofunika kuchitapo kanthu panthawi yake kuti muthane ndi tizilombo. Kupanda kutero, mundawo udzataya okongola ake.

Ngati funso likubwera, momwe mungathanirane ndi ma tambala pa marigolds, ndiye njira zokhazo zoyenera ndikusunga mpweya komanso kupopera madzi nthawi zambiri.

Spider nthata akhoza kutaya zotsatirazi. Mukufuna 200 g ya fodya kutsanulira 2 malita a madzi. Kuumirira masiku awiri, zosefera ndi kuwonjezera madzi mpaka lita-lita 10 yadzazidwe. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, muyenera kuwonjezera 50 g pamatsuko ofunda ochapira ndi kusakaniza zonse bwino. Tambala umathiridwa mankhwalawa m'mawa ndi madzulo mpaka tizirombo titha.

Ma aphid a Marigold

Tizilomboti tili ndi tating'onoting'ono tating'ono 3 mpaka 7 mm. Pamutu pa tizilombo timene timabowoleka pomwe pamabowola tsinde ndi masamba a chomera, akuyamwa msuzi. Tizilomboti timaukira tchire m'malire.

Ma aphid a Marigold

Pamene nsabwe za m'masamba zimawoneka pa marigolds, njira yayikulu yothanirana ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Musanagwiritse ntchito, muyenera kutsuka tizilombo ku tchire ndi kuthamanga kwamadzi. Izi zikachitika, mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito poletsa tizirombo kuti tisabwererenso ku maluwa.

Ulimi umagwirira ndi chitetezo chomera

Kuti ma Tagete asangalatse diso ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndikofunikira kusamalira njira zodzitetezera kuti muteteze mbewu ku matenda pang'onopang'ono pobzala mbewu.

Momwe mungachiritsire wowerengeka azitsamba

Matenda ena a marigold amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi njira zomwe sizikhalidwe:

• Chlorosis Mutha kupulumutsa mbewu kuchokera pamlingowu ngati mutaponya misomali yonyowa mumphika momwe imakuliramo (mumatula dzimbiri kuchokera pazinthu zachitsulo zakale ndikuwonjezera panthaka).
• Matenda oyamba ndi fungus amathandizidwa ndi njira zotsatirazi: 40 g ya phulusa la sopo wothira 10 g ya zotsekemera, kusungunuka mu 10 l lamadzi otentha ndikukhazikika (zitsamba zothira ndi nthaka); 80 g ufa wa mpiru umathiridwa mu malita 20 amadzi, njira yotsanulira imakonkhedwa maluwa; 60 g ya adyo wosankhidwa bwino amathiridwa mumalita awiri amadzi, amapanikizidwa tsiku, osasankhidwa, ogwiritsiridwa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.

Kupewa komanso kuteteza marigolds ku tizirombo ndi matenda

Njira zodzitetezera ndi izi:

• kutsatira kutentha kwa boma, malamulo akathirira tchire, kubzala mbewu m'malo okhala ndi kuyatsa kwabwino;
• kusankha kubzala mbewu panthaka, izi siziyenera kuchitika pasadakhale theka lachiwiri la Meyi (dothi laphimbidwa ndi zinthu zoteteza ndipo osachotsedwa mpaka mbande yoyamba iwonekere);
• mukamakula mbande mumiphika kapena makapu, ngalande ziyenera kuikidwa pansi (mchenga wowuma kapena miyala ingagwiritsidwe ntchito). Ichi ndi njira yoteteza kupewa matenda a fungal;
• kasupe, mbewu zimaphatikizidwa ndi umuna pang'ono, chifukwa kuvala kambiri pamwamba kumatha kuyambitsa kukula kwa zipatso komanso kuchedwetsa maluwa.

Kuteteza marigold ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga:

• Wowoneka moyera. Njira zopewera zimaphatikizapo kuchiritsa tchire ndi mpiru ndi madzi. Kuti mumuphike, muyenera kutenga 2 tbsp. supuni ya mpiru youma ndi 0,5 malita a madzi. Zosakaniza zimasakanizidwa ndikuyika osamba madzi. Mpiru ikasungunuka, mankhwalawo amayamba kuwuma komanso kupakidwa tchire.
• Nkhono ndi ulesi. Kuti zilepheretse kudya mbewu, tizirombo tiyenera kusungidwa pamanja. Komanso matabwa amaponyedwa m'mphepete mwa tchire la marigold. Ndiwo cholepheretsa ma slog ndi nkhono panjira ya masamba.
• Zopatsa. Kupewa kuteteza kumayambitsa kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mundawo ukachapwa chifukwa cha tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, marigolds nawonso amathiridwa ndi kukonzekera kwapadera. Utatu, monga lamulo, umakhudza mitengo yazipatso ndipo umasunthidwa kale kukhala maluwa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchita zonse mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zimatha kuphuka m'munda.

Tizilombo ta Marigold

• Amphaka. Njira zodzitetezera zimatsikira kupopera mbewu zamankhwala ndi mankhwala. Muthanso kufota masamba a tchire ndi phulusa.
• Spider mite.Njira zodzitetezera zimaphatikizira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa mbewu, popeza tizilombo silivomereza chinyezi chachikulu.
• Chlorosis Kuteteza mbewu pakukula kwa matendawa kumakhala pakuwona njira zolondola za maluwa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito umuna panthawi yake.
• Zowola chakuda. Njira zodzitchinjiriza zimachitika ndi chakuti mbewu za maluwa musanabzike zinaviika m'mimba mwa fungicides, zimathandizanso dothi lomwe mbewuzo zimere.

Njira zodzitchinjirira munthawi yake zimatha kuchotsa chomera pazovuta zomwe zimatha kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda.

Tagetees amateteza kwathunthu zikhalidwe zambiri ku tizirombo ndi matenda. Komabe, maluwa pawokha atha kudwala. Kuti muteteze ziweto zanu ku zotere, muyenera kuwapatsa nthawi yochulukirapo ndikuchotsa chizindikiro chilichonse chomwe chikuchitika ngakhale pokhazikitsa.