Matenda a Orchid: mawanga amdima ndi mitundu ina ya matenda achomera ndi chithandizo chawo

Duwa lokongola la maluwa okongoletsera lidzakongoletsa pawindo lililonse. Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa odziwa bwino amadziwa kuti exot amafunikira kuwasamalira. Kuti akondweretse anthu am'banja, ndikofunikira kudziwa zinsinsi zakulimidwa kwake. Mwa zina, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi lingaliro la matenda omwe angawononge mbewu. Pali ambiri a iwo, aliyense ali ndi zifukwa zake, motero, njira ya chithandizo.

Zojambula Zosamalidwa ndi Exotic

Zina mwa mfundo zazikulu zomwe muyenera kulabadira munthu yemwe akukula duwa lodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• nthaka;
• malo abwino okhalamo;
• wothirira waluso;
• nthawi yololera;
• kuvala pamwamba.

Maluwa otentha amatha kukhala matenda wamba

Dothi

Mfumukazi ya malo otentha satha kukhala wamba. Mizu imafunikira mpweya. Chifukwa chake, gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala lapadera. Zina mwazinthuzi ziyenera kukhala pazopezeka:

1. malasha
2. khungwa la mitengo;
3. moss
4. fern rhizome;
5. mainiine pine;
6. zipolopolo za walnut;
7. peat.

Chifukwa cha tchuthi ichi, pafupi ndi malo achilengedwe, chomeracho chimakhala bwino.

Malo okhalamo

Maluwa ayenera kuzunguliridwa ndi kuwala kwa maola 12 patsiku. Mukachisiya pawindo, chomwe chimayatsidwa ndi dzuwa, mbewuyo imayatsidwa. Kutentha kwachipinda kosangalatsa ndi + 23 ... +25 madigiri masana ndi osachepera +18 - madzulo.

Kuthirira

Nyowetsani nthaka m'nthawi yake. Kutsirira kungasinthidwe ndi njira yodumphira m'madzi. Poto, pomwe mabowo adapangidwapo kale, amatsanulira mu beseni ndi madzi ofunda. Siyani kwa mphindi 5. Ndondomeko amakonzedwa kamodzi pa sabata ndi theka munyengo yotentha komanso kamodzi pa masabata awiri - ozizira.

Kusintha

Kungotenga chomera chomwe chimasungidwa ku maluwa ena apakhomo. Kukhazikika kumakhala pafupifupi masiku 10.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Manyowa exot ayenera kudya kwapadera. Apezeni m'masitolo odziwika. Zochita zimachitika mosamalitsa malinga ndi malangizo. Zosakaniza zina zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi masiku 60, zina - kamodzi pakatha miyezi 3-4.

Chomera chatsopano chimakhala chokha

Matenda ofala

Ngakhale maluwa okhalitsa komanso otchuka kwambiri a Phalaenopsis orchid amatha kutenga matenda osiyanasiyana. Mwambiri, matenda amawoneka chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi zomwe ali nazo. Pakati pa zovuta zodziwika bwino za kukongola kwa malo otentha, zotsatirazi ndi izi:

1. mawanga amdima;
2. zowola zofiirira;
3. ufa wowonda;
4. chikwangwani choyera;
5. matenda opatsirana;
6. matenda ena.

Malo amdima

Kodi pali masamba pamaluwa? Mwiniwake ayenera kufuula. Zizindikiro zakuda, zofiirira, zofiirira zakuda, zofiirira pamapale a masamba zikuwonetsa matenda ena angapo.

Malo ang'onoang'ono, kubalalitsa komwe kumaonekera pamasamba, kumatha kukhala oyimba kwambiri mochedwa. Awa ndi matenda opatsirana pomwe mawanga amomwe amayamba kunyowa.

Malo owuma pamasamba a orchid amawonetsa chlorosis. Kudziwika kwa chlorosis kumapangidwira ku duwa, bola ngati mawanga awoneka, ayamba kukhazikika, kupindika.

Brown zowola

Pakati matenda matenda a orchid, zowola zofiirira zimasiyana. Chifukwa chaichi, duwa lokhazikika limatha kufa kanthawi kochepa. Izi ndichifukwa choti poyamba matendawa amakula popanda zizindikiro zapadera, popeza zowola zimamera. Pokhapokha mizu itayamba kuphuka masamba amatha kusintha mtundu kuchoka ku emerald kupita ku imvi.

Powdery mildew

Pakati pa matenda oyamba ndi phalaenopsis orchids ndi mitundu ina, wina ayenera kusamala ndi powdery mildew. Zizindikiro zake zoyambirira zimawonekera nthawi yomweyo. Ngakhale nyakulima wa novice amatha kuwazindikira. Chikwangwani choyera choyamba pa maluwa. Mtundu wake umatha kusiyanasiyana ndi imvi. Mukayamba kulingalira za foci, ndiye kuti ndi kuchuluka kwa tizinthu tating'onoting'ono.

Chikwangwani choyera pamasamba a orchid chimasinthidwa popanda thunthu. Mafangayi a parasitic amadya chakudya chomera. Zotsatira zake, duwa limamverera moyipa kwambiri, limayamba kuzimiririka.

Brown zowola

Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndikulendewera, kenako nkugwapo. Zomwezo zitha kuonedwa pamaluwa.

Chikwangwani choyera

Chikwangwani choyera pa maluwa a orchid sichitha kungofotokozera za ufa wa ufa, komanso kuwonongeka kwa mbewuyo ndi tizirombo. Ngati ufa wa poda umawoneka ngati duwa loyera kwambiri lomwe limawoneka bwino ngati mame am'mawa, ndiye kuti kupezeka kwa tizilombo kumatulutsa pachimake ngati ubweya wa thonje lonyowa, tsamba la kangaude. Ili ndi chilengedwe chomata.

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagwira mfumukazi yazomera zotentha amatchedwa mealybug. Pamapeto pake pali mazira. Zing'ono. Nyongoka zokha sizoposa theka la sentimita. Mutha kuwaona ndi maliseche.

Tizilombo toyambitsa majeremusi ndi moyo wake

Kuphatikiza pa nyongolotsi, tizilombo tina ta parasitic titha kusankha duwa. Zina mwa izo ndi:

1. nsabwe za m'masamba;
2. akangaude.

Tizilombo timeneti timasiyira tinthu tambiri tambiri tambiri tawo pa masamba ndi tsinde. Zonsezi ndi aphid komanso nkhupakudya zimadya zomwezo: timadziti ndi michere. Kuphatikiza pa kukhalapo kwawo, tizilombo timeneti timayambitsa vuto linanso. Igona kuti chomera chikucheperachepera, bowa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ochulukitsa amachulukitsa pamaziko a kukhalapo kwa majeremusi. Amawononga muzu ndi kupha pang'onopang'ono chomera chakunyumba.

Matenda a virus

Asayansi akudziwa ma virus pafupifupi makumi asanu omwe amatha kuthana ndi chomera chachilendo. Ambiri aiwo sadziwonetsa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti duwa limafa. Ma virus ambiri ali ndi zizindikiro. Mwachitsanzo:

1. Pafupifupi, mawonekedwe apamaso paz masamba, pamakhala. Itha kuwoneka mofooka kapena momveka bwino.
2. Masamba atsopano amakula kale ndi madontho ena, mawanga.
3. Kuyambira pansi pamasamba, ma tubercles a Phalaenopsis kapena mitundu ina ya maluwa amalankhula samangokhala ndi matenda oyipa, komanso ena mwa ma virus.
4. Choyamba, mawanga osawoneka bwino, omwe kenako amakula, amasintha kukhala mabowo.
5. Masamba akuyamba kulimba, youma.
6. Udzu umasintha mtundu kukhala imvi, ofiira, wakuda, bulauni.

Matenda ena

Kodi ma orchid akudwala? Zina mwa zovuta zomwe sizili zoopsa:

• anthracnose;
• dzimbiri
• kukakamira.

Anthracnose

Madontho akuda akamamera pamaluwa pamasamba, omwe amasandulika kukhala malo amdima amdima, ndi chizindikiro cha anthracnose.

Dzimbiri

Osati kawirikawiri, koma chomera chimatha kusanza. Izi ndizovuta zam'mimba. Choyamba, mawanga oyera oyera ngati chipale. Banga lililonse lili ngati dontho. Pakupita milungu ingapo, amasintha mtundu kukhala njerwa. Udzu umakutidwa ndi zolembedwa.

Mitundu ikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa kachilombo

Kukakamira

Masamba amayamba kumamatira mwadzidzidzi. Kuwala kosakhala bwino kumaonekera pa iwo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda

Malo amdima

Zitha kuwonekera chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa mbewu, komanso kuwunika kosakwanira, kusapezeka kwa feteleza wofunikira.

Brown zowola

Matenda oyamba ndi bakiteriya amachitika chifukwa chosakhala bwino mnyumba. Mwachitsanzo, kunyumba kumakhala kozizira kwambiri kapena kotentha kwambiri. Mwina duwa linasefukira kapena kubzala m'nthaka wamba, pomwe mizu imabisidwa ndi dothi.

Powdery mildew

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawo ndi izi:

• kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka;
• chinyezi chachikulu m'chipindacho;
• kubzala zochulukirapo, mbewu pazenera ndizoyandikana;
• glut, etc.

Chikwangwani choyera

Malinga ndi alimi odziwa ntchito zamalimi, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mwa zina zazikulu:

1. chofooka chomera chitetezo chokwanira;
2. kusowa kwa kuyatsa koyenera;
3. kuyandikira kwa mbewu zopatsirana;
4. mpweya mchipindacho ndi wouma kwambiri;
5. kunyowa kosalekeza kwa dothi mumphika;
6. gawo lapansi kwambiri;
7. chinyezi chosakwanira cha mpweya, etc.

Matenda a virus

Munthu amakhala ndi kachiromboka chifukwa cha kufooka. Chifukwa chake kachilombo ka orchid kamamatirira ku chitetezo chake ndi kufooka kwathunthu. Chifukwa china ndikuwonongeka kwa thupi la mbewu.

Matenda ena

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthracnose, dzimbiri, komanso kukakamira ndi chisamaliro chosayenera. Mwachitsanzo, kuthirira kwamadzi, dothi, kukhala pamthunzi.

Kukhala mumithunzi kumawononga chomera

Chithandizo cha orchid

Kuthandiza gulugufe wamaluwa, monga momwe mbewu zimatchulidwira nthawi zina, ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Mwini wa duwa ayenera kukhala wokonzeka kumenyera nkhondo ya chiweto chake. Chifukwa cha malangizo a akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa, mutha kuthana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana kunyumba.

Malo amdima

Momwe mungachiritsire orchid ngati mawanga akuda nkuwoneka ndipo nayamba kudwala mochedwa, chlorosis? Gawo loyamba ndi kudyetsa pang'ono komanso chelate. Kenako, masamba omwe amakhudzidwa amachotsedwa ndikuthidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa ndi mowa. Malo omwe amadulira amadzaza ndi phulusa la ntchentche. Magawo akangoyamba kufinya, mmera umathandizidwa ndi fungicides. Mwachitsanzo:

• Alerin;
• Mikosan;
• Bordeaux osakaniza;
• sulfate yamkuwa;
• Quadris ndi ena

Brown zowola

Ili ndi matenda opatsirana. Chomera choyambukiracho chimayikidwa pazenera la sill laulere kuti chisavulaze oyandikana nawo. Malo owonongeka amachotsedwa. Pambuyo pa masiku angapo, duwa limathandizidwa ndimadzi a Bordeaux. Ndondomeko mobwerezabwereza 20-30 masiku.

Powdery mildew

Kulimbana ndi matenda poyambira ndikosavuta. Chikalacho chimatsukidwa ndi nsalu yothira m'madzi sopo. Njira yothetsera vutoli imakonzedwa kuchokera kumadzi ofunda ndi sopo ochapira. Komanso, njira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Kuthamanga;
2. Topsin-M;
3. Fitosporin, etc.

Fungicide Skor

Chikwangwani choyera

Pa orchid yoyera phukusi loyera momwe mungakhalire? Tiziromboti timatulutsidwa mokwanira. Chomera chimasungidwa, ziwalo zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa, nthaka imasinthidwa. Duwa limaphulika ndi Fitosporin kapena Actara, Calypso.

Matenda a virus

Awa ndi matenda oyipa kwambiri. Malinga ndi akatswiri, duwa limalimbikitsidwa kuti litayidwe.

Matenda ena

Anthracnose

Anthracnosis amathandizidwa ndikuchotsa masamba owonongeka. Mpeni wakuthwa motetezedwa ndi izi umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa. Malo osadzaza owazidwa ndi phulusa.

Dzimbiri

Gawo loyamba la dzimbiri limathandizidwanso chimodzimodzi. Masamba owonongeka amadulidwa, malo amathandizidwa ndi phulusa.

Masamba olimba

Ngati palibe zizindikiro zina kupatula kumata kwokhazikika, ndiye duwa limayikidwa pawindo, komwe kumakhala kuwala kwina. Mutha kukhazikitsa nyali zowonjezera pamwamba pake. Chipindacho chili ndi mpweya wokwanira, koma zolembera siziloledwa. Masamba amathandizidwa ndikukonzekera mabakiteriya. Chokwanira:

• Maxim
• Phytospirin;
• Sutomai.

Matenda onse a orchid ndi vuto kwa wophunzirayo. Pofuna kupewa matenda, ndikofunikira kupereka chomera mosamala. Ikayamba kufooka, kudwala, chinthu choyambirira ndi kudziwa matendawo. Mankhwala atayamba. Pankhaniyi, simungayambitse matenda. Chithandizo chake chikuyamba mwachangu, posachedwa kukongola kwadzuwa.