Choyimira chowala kwambiri cha maluwa a tiyi osakanizidwa amtundu wofiirira ndi mitundu ya Osiriya. Masamba onunkhira awiri amtengo wapatali ndi maluwa amtundu uliwonse wamaluwa komanso zokongoletsera zamaluwa.
Kufotokozera kwa rose Osiria (Osiria): ndi mitundu yanji
Tiyi wosakanizidwa Osiria adadulidwa ku Germany mu 1978 ku nazale ya Reimer Kordes. Chokhacho choti adagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwa mitundu ina ya Moto wamoto, ndi chodziwika chodziwika bwino cha dziwe lomwe lasankhidwa ndi woyambitsa ntchito.
Zambiri! Dzinali Osiria kuti wosakanizidwa watsopano limaperekedwa polemekeza dziko lodziwika bwino la Asuri lomwe linasowa mu kuya kwakuya kwa nyanja, monga Atlantis.
Rose Osiria
Kutalika kwa chitsamba chopangidwa bwino ndi masentimita 70-90. Mphukira ndi zazitali, zowongoka, zolimba, nthawi zina zimapindika pang'ono. Kutalika kwa korona ndi pafupifupi masentimita 80. Chitsamba chimapanga masamba otumphuka, m'mwamba, owoneka ngati masamba. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira akuda kwambiri.
Mphukirayo umapangidwa ngati galasi looneka ngati galasi, ndipo litatsegulidwa kwathunthu, limasanduka mbale. Pafal kumbali yakumaso ndi velvety ofiira (kucha chitumbuwa kapena sitiroberi), ndipo kuchokera mkati - mkaka-mkaka ndi siliva. Maluwa amapangidwa kumapeto kwa mphukira nthawi zonse 1 pc. Dongosolo la corolla ndi masentimita 9 mpaka 12. Mphukira yoyamba imatsegulidwa koyambirira kwa Juni, omaliza mu Okutobala. Fungo lake ndi lonunkhira, koma lopepuka, lomwe likukulira nyengo yonyowa komanso nthawi yamadzulo.
Duwa limaphuka
Ubwino ndi zoyipa zosiyanasiyana
Zina mwazabwino zomwe simungathe kudziwa:
- kukana chisanu mpaka −23 ° С;
- yayitali (mpaka miyezi 4) yamaluwa;
- mphukira zamphamvu zowongoka ndizabwino kudula;
- fungo lokoma ndi losiyanitsa;
- moyo wautali: chitsamba chakhala chikukula kwazaka zambiri m'malo amodzi;
- kufalitsa mwakufalitsa kumafalitsa mosavuta ndikusungira zizindikiro zonse.
Mwa zovuta:
- kusowa kwa michere kumayambitsa chitukuko cha chlorosis;
- Padzuwa lotentha kwambiri, chitsamba chitha kuwotchedwa, ndibwino kuti chiwabzalire komwe gawo latsiku limasungunuka pang'ono;
- kusakhazikika kwa powdery mildew ndi dzimbiri;
- mphukira zolimba sizoyenera kufalitsa ndi masanjidwe;
- pansi pa kulemera kwawo, masamba omwe amanyowa mvula ikagwa.
Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake
Ma bus amakhala ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa kwambiri,, motero, amagwiritsidwa ntchito konsekonse kukongoletsa mabedi a maluwa, mabedi a maluwa, minda.
Tcherani khutu! Maluwa amadulidwapo maluwa, koma popeza amayimilira m'miphika kwa nthawi yayitali (mpaka milungu iwiri), ndiye kuti alipo okwanira ku tchire.
Maluwa akukula
M'minda, Osiriya amawoneka kwambiri kuchokera ku nazale, kumene zodula ndi mizu yotseguka kapena yotsekedwa imagulitsidwa. Nthawi zina mutha kupeza zinthu zodzalidwa pamiyendo ya zaka 2 zanthete. Kuuma kwake kwa dzinja ndi 10-15 ° kukwera.
Kodi akukwera pamtundu wanji?
Chingwe chokhala ndi mizu chotsekedwa chingabzalidwe mukangogula (kumapeto kwa Meyi, chilimwe chonse). Ndikofunika kukonzekeretsa dzenje pamalo osankhidwa. Asanabzala, mmera wokhala ndi mizu yotseguka uyenera kunyowa m'madzi usiku.
Watseka mizu
Tsinde labwino limakhala ndi mphukira 2-3 zokhala ndi masamba ophukira, mizu yolimba. Muzu wathanzi umapirira komanso wopanda kuwala popanda kuwola.
Zofunika! Mizungu ndi chizindikiro cha matenda, chifukwa chake ndibwino kukana mbande zake nthawi yomweyo.
Pazitali zabwino kwambiri za khosi lamizu ndi 8-10 mm. Palibe masamba ndi maluwa pa mbewu; maluwa okwanira amatuluka.
Kodi ikubwera nthawi yanji?
Mapeto a kasupe - chiyambi cha chilimwe - nthawi yabwino kubzala. Dothi liyenera kutenthetsedwa kukhala chizindikiro pamwamba pa 12 ° C.
Kusankha kwampando
Muyenera kudzala m'malo okwezeka pang'ono pomwe mvula kapena madzi osungunuka samasunthika. Ngati ibzalidwe pafupi ndi khoma, ndiye kuti mtunda woyambira ndi wochokera pa masentimita 50. Malo abwino ndi pomwe gawo la tsiku (makamaka m'mawa) dzuwa lowala limawala, ndipo nthawi yotsalayo ikulamulira pang'ono pang'ono.
Momwe angakonzekerere nthaka ndi duwa podzala
Optimum nthaka acidity pH = 5.0-6.5. Iyenera kukhala yotayirira komanso yachonde. Ngati dothi lochotsedwa mu dzenjelo likugwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala, ndiye kuti mpaka 1/4 ya mchenga ndi peat imalowetsedwa. Zowonjezera zothandiza ndi phulusa lamatabwa, choko kapena ufa wa dolomite. 50 g ya superphosphate ndi yosakanizidwa ndi feteleza (50 g pa bowo limodzi). Mmera wokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka osakonzeka konse, ndipo ndi mizu yotseguka ndikofunikira kuyika kaye m'madzi.
Tikufika
Malangizo a sitepe ndi sitepe:
- Dzenje limakumbidwa lakuya masentimita 50-60.
- Pansipa, mchenga wa 5-10 masentimita umathiridwa ndi mwala wosweka kapena dongo lotukulidwa kuti pakhale madzi abwino.
- Chitsamba chimadzamitsidwa ndi masentimita 2-3 (koma pokhapokha scion).
- Amadzaza ndi dothi lokonzekereratu, amawubira, ndikuthirira madzi ambiri
Kusamalira mbewu
Mitundu yonse ya maluwa a tiyi wosakanizidwa amafunika chisamaliro. Osiria ndiwonso.
Kutsirira malamulo ndi chinyezi
Thirirani chitsamba pamene dothi pansi pake laphwa (atatha masiku 2-3). Kusayenda kwamadzi ndivulaza mizu.
Tcherani khutu! Mu nyengo yotentha, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi shawa yamadzi ofunda m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Mavalidwe apamwamba ndi dothi labwino
Rose amayankha bwino kuthirira ndi mullein, koma pokhapokha theka loyamba la chilimwe. Mafuta a feteleza amagulidwa ndikupangidwira mwapadera ma maluwa okhala ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Pazonse, mpaka zovala 4 zimafunikira pamsika.
Kudulira ndi kupatsirana
Mu nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi yophukira, kudulira kwaukhondo kumachitika, kuchotsa mphukira zowonongeka ndi matenda zomwe zimayang'aniridwa mkati mwa chitsamba. Dulani kukula pansi pa scion. Chapakatikati, mphukira zimadulidwa, ndikusiya masamba atatu pa iwo kuti apangidwe moyenera korona.
Zambiri nyengo yozizira maluwa
Kudulira kwa yophukira (kumachitika ndikangoponya masamba), chitsamba chimakutidwa ndi katoni kapena chikwama, filimu. Chisanu chikakhazikitsidwa pa −7 ° C, masamba owuma kapena masingano amathiridwa m'malo osungirako. Amachotsa pogona pokhazikika kuti kutentha kwamphamvu kukhazikike masanawa.
Maluwa a Shelter nthawi yachisanu
Maluwa maluwa
Maluwa okongola ndi mphotho yolandirika pantchito zanu zonse. Asuri ndi duwa lomwe limawasangalatsa kuyambira chaka choyamba mutabzala.
Nthawi yochita komanso kupumira
Maluwa amapangika kokha pa mphukira za chaka chino. Pafupifupi, kutulutsa kumachitika pakapita masabata awiri, koma osatinso. Ngati tchire zingapo zilipo pafupi, ndiye kuti zimatha kutulutsa mosiyanasiyana. Maluwa amatenga mu June mpaka Okutobala.
Kusamalira nthawi ya maluwa ndi pambuyo pake
Maluwa owoneka nthawi yonse ya chilimwe amafunika kudulidwa. Chitani bwino mpaka mphukira yoyamba pansipa. Mukadula zochulukirapo, mutha kumasula tchire. Mu September, masamba osasankhidwa sanadulidwe, kuti asapangitse mkwiyo wa mphukira.
Dulani masamba ophukira
Zoyenera kuchita ngati sichikhala pachimake
Kuperewera, madzi ndi michere ndi zifukwa zazikulu za kusowa kwa masamba. Maluwa amatulutsa maluwa ngakhale ozizira, ngati ali ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu wokwanira. Njira yabwino ndiyo kudyetsa chitsamba ndikuonetsetsa kuti kuthirira kumachitika pa nthawi yake.
Tcherani khutu! Kuyika ndi njira yomaliza yopanda chitsimikizo cha kuchita bwino.
Kufalitsa maluwa
Kudula ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yofalitsira maluwa a Osiria. Kugawika kwa tchire ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati mmera udakulidwa kuchokera ku zodulidwa, koma osalumikizidwa kwa galu.
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yodula zodula ndi June, pomwe chitsamba chayamba kale kuphuka. Mphukira imafunikira yopangidwa bwino, yolimba komanso yayitali.
Magawo a cuttings ndondomeko:
- Zodulidwa zimadulidwa kutalika kwa 10-12 cm kuchokera kumapeto kwa mphukira ya chaka chino, kuchotsa bud ndi masamba kuchokera pansi pake. Siyani masamba 1-2, akufupikitsa ndi theka.
- Atabindikira kumapeto kwake muzu, odulawo amakwiriridwa ndi mchenga wosakanizika ndi dothi lachonde kapena atayikidwa mu chidebe chamadzi oyera. Kuchokera pamwamba ndikofunikira kuphimba ndi kapu kuti ikhalebe chinyezi chokwanira.
- Hotbed imayikidwa mu kuwala ndikuisungidwa ndi kutentha kwa 22-25 ° C.
- Pambuyo pa masabata 3-4, mizu iyenera kupanga.
- Tikukula pang'onopang'ono kumachitika patatha chaka chimodzi kapena kumapeto kwa Ogasiti.
Matenda, tizirombo ndi njira zokuthana nazo
Nyengo ya chilimwe isanafike, duwa limachiritsidwa ndimkuwa wa sulfate kapena Bordeaux madzi kuti atetezeke ku powdery mildew ndi dzimbiri. Kenako yang'anirani malo owonera patali, ndipo odwala akapezeka, amawadula ndi kuwotcha mosamala.
Tcherani khutu! Ma anti-aphid amathandizidwa mwachangu, mwachitsanzo, mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira ya actara kapena karbofos.
Rosa Osiriya ndi chuma chenicheni m'mundamo, chifukwa masamba ake pachaka chilichonse chotsatira amakhala onenepa komanso onunkhira bwino kwambiri. Sichizibweretsa zovuta kwa wolima dimba, mfundo za chisamaliro ndizofala, monga mitundu ina ya tiyi wosakanizidwa.
