Kodi nyanja ikuwoneka ngati mtengo kapena chitsamba? Kukula kwa nyanja yotchinga panyumba

Severyanka malinga ndi momwe adayambira, nyanja yamchere yam'madzi yakhala ikutenga mizu m'minda yosiyanasiyana ya nyengo. Amakula kwambiri pazonse zochiritsa nyanja ya buckthorn mafuta, koma chosakanizira cha zipatso chimagwiranso ntchito, zipatso zatsopano ndizabwino. Nthawi zambiri chitsamba chowongolera panyanja chimabzalidwa ngati mpanda. Mwa njira, ambiri zimawavuta kuyankha funsoli, sea buckthorn ndi mtengo kapena shrub.

Kupatula apo, ngakhale m'mafotokozedwe, nthawi zina amatchedwa mosiyana. M'malo mwake, nyanja yamtchire ndi chitsamba, ngakhale mitundu ina ya mbewu imatha kutalika mpaka mita 6, ngati mitengo yeniyeni. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa kwambiri pamenepa ndi chakuti chimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri, timitengo tatsopano timalowa m'malo mwa nthambi imodzi. Pomwe mitengo nthawi zonse imakhala yokhazikika. Chifukwa chake ku funso, nyanja yamtchire ndi mtengo kapena shrub, ndikoyenera kwambiri kuyankha zitsamba zonse.

Mtengowo udalandira dzina loti "sea buckthorn" pakuwoneka - zipatsozo zimangomamatira kumatanda owonda a chitsamba

Nkhaniyi imanena za mitundu yotchuka ya dimba ndi mbewu iyi ndi zomwe amalima.

Chiyambi

Mphamvu zakuchiritsa za mbewuyi zadziwika kuyambira nthawi zakale. Pali zidziwitso zakugwiritsa ntchito madzi am'madzi am'madzi kuchokera ku Tibet ndi Mongolia. Zofufuzidwa za malo omwe ali patsamba la Scandinavia wamasiku ano zimasonyezanso kuti mbewu iyi idadziwika m'malo awa. Pali umboni kuti ku Greece wakale, anthu ovulala ankawagwiritsa ntchito ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo mphukira zamtchire zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa akavalo odwala.

Amadziwikanso kuti m'moyo wa sea buckthorn panali nthawi zambiri zolekanitsidwa, mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pa Middle Ages, pomwe maphikidwe ambiri a anthu adasiyidwa ndikuyiwalika. M'zaka za zana la 19 pomwe anakumbukira mtengowo, adayamba kufananiza ndi izi ngati chitsamba chopanda ntchito, koma chomera chokongoletsera. Munali ndi cholinga ichi kuti bwalthorn libzalidwe ku Russia, mpaka kamodzi, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, nyanja zamtchire zinasinthidwa ku Altai.

Chomera cholimbana ndi chisanu chimadziwika m'minda ya ku Siberia, chifukwa cha ntchito ya I.V. Michurin, idadziwika kwambiri ku USSR. Pazaka 70s, kuyambiranso kwa chikondi cha anthu ambiri ndi kuyikonda kwa mabulosi awa kudayamba.

Taphunzira momwe timapangira mafuta am'madzi am'madzi amchere, mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana idawonekera m'minda, osati madotolo okha komanso ana asukulu adalemba malipoti zakuchiritsa kwa mbewu. Masiku ano, nyanja yamtengo wapatali yam'nyanja idasinthanso mlendo m'minda, ndipo sizinathandize.

Lero mutha kugula mafuta a sea buckthorn mu mankhwala, koma anthu ambiri amakonda kuphika ndi manja awo.

Chomera ichi ndichothandiza, cholemera kwambiri pazinthu zofunika kwambiri kwa munthu.

Mawonekedwe

Kunja, ndi chitsamba chaminga chomwe chitha kutalika mamita angapo. Bango lodziwika bwino la m'nyanja silingathe kukula ndi chitsamba chimodzi pamtengowo, chifukwa chomera chimodzi chimakhala ndi maluwa achikazi, ndipo chinacho chimakhala ndi maluwa achimuna, pomwe mungu umafikira inflorescence yachikazi. Kotero popanda kupukutidwa ndi mphepo kapena njuchi sizingachite.

Chophimbidwa osati ndi zipatso zokha, komanso ndi minga yaying'ono. Masamba a shrub ndi aatali, a bulauni pang'ono kapena siliva. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomera zochepa zomwe zimaphuka masamba asanaonekere. Maluwa ake ndi ang'ono, osasinthika, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa ndimantha, inflorescence.

Kucha nyanja yamabwato kumawoneka bwino kwambiri

Zipatsozo ndizopaka, ndi khungu loonda, ndipo mkati mwake mumakhala fupa limodzi lokongola. Iyi ndi mbewu. Zipatso zowala ndi zipatso za lalanje komanso fungo labwino, zomwe ena amaziona ngati chinanazi, ena - udzu. Kukucha kumachitika mu Ogasiti ndi Seputembala, mutha kutola zipatso zolemera ma kilogalamu 12 kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi.

Mitundu ndi mitundu

Mwa zoyeserera za obereketsa, mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu ya mbewuyi idakulitsidwa. Masiku ano amatha kubzala kumpoto ndi kum'mwera, pali mitundu yosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, yodzipereka kwambiri, yosangalatsa kwambiri komanso yamtundu wa mavitamini ndi mitundu. Chomwe chimadziwika kwambiri pakati pa olima Russian:

• Chuiskaya - imodzi mwamagulu apamwamba opatsa zokolola, amadziwika ndi kukula kochepa komanso korona wophuka komanso wosowa. Zipatso zokongola zimakhala ndi 0,9 g; mtundu wa zipatso ndi lalanje;
• Zochulukirapo - zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri yozizira, kukula kwa zipatso pang'ono ndi korona wofalikira. Kununkhirako ndikosangalatsa, kokoma-wowawasa, sikuwonongeka pakusonkhanitsa. Ili ndi mavitamini C ambiri;
• Orange - kusankha kosiyanasiyana kwa Siberia, sikugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Zabwino pantchito, chifukwa zimakhala ndi wowawasa;
• Mafuta - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Altai yoswana, imakhala yolimba kwambiri nthawi yachisanu ndipo imacha mochedwa. Zipatso ndizofiyira, wowawasa pamkamwa. Amachokera bwino; kupatukana ndi peduncle kwawuma;
• Giant - mitundu iyi ndi yabwino chifukwa ndi yotheka kukolola, popeza nthambi za mbewuzo zilibe minga, ngakhale mwana amatha kutola zipatso. Chisoti chachifumucho ndichopindika, kutalika kwake kumatha kupitirira mamitala 3.5. Zipatso zake ndizazikulu, zotsekemera-zowoneka bwino, zokhazikika pamiyala;
• Mphatso ya Katun ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yolimbana ndi chisanu, amenenso amatenga matenda. Chomera chamtunduwu chimakhala ndi korona wamtali, zipatso zake zimakhala zazikulu, lalanje. Zingwezo zitha kukhala zazing'ono kapena kusapezeka kwathunthu.
• Golide wa golide ndi mtundu wina wosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, amabala zipatso chaka chapitacho kuposa mitundu ina. Ili ndi minga yochepa, zipatso zake ndizochepa, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi 0,5 g iliyonse. Mabulashi onyansa adzaza. Kuchulukana kwa chisanu - kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mwayi wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana;
• Nkhani za Altai - zimagwirizana ndi matenda, zobala zipatso zambiri. Crohn sing'anga inakhazikika, imakula mpaka mamita 4. Zipatsozo ndizapakatikati kukula, koma sizoyendetsedwa bwino chifukwa chakulekanitsidwa konyowa, vitamini.

Tikuyankhira munyanja pansi

Kukula kochulukitsa panyanja sikovuta. Koma mutha kupeza zipatso zabwino pokhapokha chitsamba chabwino. Kupanda kutero, mutha kudikirira zaka zosachepera 3 ndikupeza zipatso zazing'ono, zosowa, pazonse, kunyengedwa ndikubzala. Kuti izi zisachitike, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tidziwe zosachepera za kukula kwa bwalthorn panyanja.

Kubzala nyanja

Kodi mukufuna chiyani ikamatera? Choyamba, kubzala zabwino. Muyenera kubzala mbewu zingapo: "amuna" achimuna ndi achikazi. Ndikosavuta kudziyimira pawokha pakati pa wosadziwa dimba, monga lamulo, amapereka malangizo mu nazale ndipo pamenepo amatola zinthu zodzala.

Chapakatikati, amasiyana mitundu ya masamba: Makina obiriwira azimayi, siliva waimvi. Pakupuma, imatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi impso: mu mbewu zachikazi, ndizochepa komanso zobisika ndi mamba awiri. Zachimuna ndi zokulirapo ndipo zimatsekedwa ndi sikelo zingapo.

Malo abwino

Sea buckthorn ndi chitsamba chowoneka bwino. Chomera chimayenera kupanga malo pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe:

1. Malowa akhale owala bwino.
2. Kuti mizu isanyowe, pasakhale madzi apansi pafupi, ndiye kuti pakuya kwa 60 cm.
3. Zoyenera, ngati nyanja yam'madzi imatetezedwa ndi mphepo ndi nyumbayo. Mwachitsanzo, ndikofunikira kubzala pamtunda wakumwera kwa nyumba yamunda.
4. Kuzungulira nyanja yam'madzi, ndikosayenera kubzala maluwa ndi mbewu zina zomwe zimazungulira ndikuwupondereza, chifukwa mizu yamadzi am'madzi am'madzi ndipo imafalikira mokwanira.
   

   Mizu yake imapezeka pang'onopang'ono padziko lapansi.

5. Kuti mphepo izimera maluwa bwino, zitsamba zachimuna ziyenera kubzalidwa mbali yamphepo, zitsamba zachikazi - m'malo mwake.

Pang'onopang'ono ikamatera

Kufalikira kwa buckthorn wam'madzi kumachitika ndikudula. Kukula mbali ndi sitepe kumawoneka motere:

1. Kumbani dzenje pansi pa dzenjelo, chifukwa, onani kukula kwa dzenje mu mawonekedwe a cube 40 cm. Mu dothi lochotsedwa mu dzenjelo, onjezani humus, nyengo ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ndikudzazanso dzenje.
2. Tsopano pangani dzenje kuti ikamatera. Kuti muchite izi, ikani zikhomo kwa garteryo pasadakhale, kenako ndikukhazikitsa mizu mosamala ndikudzaza dothi, ndikupunthira pansi.
3. Finyani zidutswazo ndikuzungulira bwalo lozungulira ndi mulch.

Kusamalira nyanja

Ndiosavuta, izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kudulira, kuthirira nthawi yake komanso kuvala pamwamba.

Kuthirira

Kuthirira mbewu sikufuna nthawi zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, chaka choyamba mutabzala, chitsamba cham'madzi chambiri chimafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse; M'tsogolomu, nyanja yamadzi siyofunika kuthirira kwapadera, kokha pakakhala chilala.

Kubala kumafunanso kuvala pamwamba. Mwakutero, mbewuyo imakula popanda umuna, komabe, mcherewo umathandizira kukonza mbeu.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Feteleza wathunthu wamafuta ndi phosphate, potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni angathe kuperekedwa m'njira zotsirizidwa. Itha kusinthidwa ndi organic. Chifukwa chake, mu humus muli nayitrogeni, amathanso kutengedwa kuchokera kompositi yokhwima. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa la uvuni kudyetsa tchire, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito fupa. Zonsezi zimapita paphiri pofikira, mutabzala kwa zaka zitatu mutha kusiyira mbewuyo osakhudzidwa. Pambuyo pazaka 4 za moyo, nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu zimayambitsidwa mu kasupe pakugwa.

Kudulira tchire

Kubzala ndikofunikanso. M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, nthambi zimadulidwa kuti zikhale chitsamba.

Kudulira kolondola sikuti kumangowoneka bwino kuthengo, komanso kumakongoletsa zokolola.

Apa ndipomwe lingaliro limapangidwira, mtundu wanji wa nyanja yamtundu wamtambo womwe udzakhazikike: mu mawonekedwe a chitsamba kapena mawonekedwe a mtengo, tsinde. Ngati mukufuna kupanga thunthu limodzi, ndiye kuti muyenera kusankha nthambi yolimba kwambiri pakatikati, chotsani enawo, mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo, tsitsani nthambi zina 2-3, dulani enawo. Ndiye bwerezani kwa zaka 4.

Ngati mukufunikira kudzala chitsamba, ndiye kuti siyani nthambi zambiri, chifukwa nthawi yonse ya moyo pafupifupi nthambi 7 zimafunikira, zatsopano zimakula, zakale zimachotsedwa. Kawiri pachaka amalangizidwa kuti azidulira mwaukhondo.

Sea buckthorn ndi mbewu yosasinthika, itha kubzalidwa m'magawo osiyanasiyana a Russia, komabe, mitundu yosakanizidwa imapereka kubwezera kwakukulu. Lero kusankha kwawo ndikofunikira, kotero ndi nthawi yobwezera kufunanso kwa nyanja yamtengo wapatali komanso yofunika.