Masamba a Begonia okongoletsa ndi maluwa okongoletsa

Pakati pa mbewu zonse zomwe zimamera pawindo, chimodzi mwodzi wotchuka kwambiri ndi masamba okongoletsa kapena tsamba.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiyotakata kwambiri, mitundu ya masamba ndiyosiyana mitundu, ngakhale onse ndi a banja limodzi. Maonekedwe a pepalalo ndi utoto wake zimasiyana. Ambiri amakula mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kusonkhanitsa kwathunthu. Begonia ndi wonyozeka kwambiri, zomwe ndi zomwe akatswiri a zamkati zamaluwa amakonda. Zomwe zimachitika kuti mbewu zikule ndizofala kwambiri, komabe malamulo ena osamalira ayenera kuyang'aniridwa. Nkhaniyi ikufotokozera za momwe chisamaliro cha masamba a begonia chimakula ndikukula kunyumba.

Chiyambi ndi mawonekedwe

Kukongola ndi kukopa kwa mbeuyo ili mchitsamba chokongola kwambiri cha masamba, ngakhale zachilengedwe mulinso mawonekedwe ngati mtengo. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale mawonekedwe amasamba samayamikiridwa, omwe amatha kukhala ozungulira, odulidwa, okhala ndi matmbali oyesedwa kapena opota. Zithunzi zokongoletsera zapamwamba ndizosangalatsa makamaka pamitundu yosiyanasiyana: siliva, chokoleti chofiirira, komanso zonyezimira, komanso zokhala ndi mitundu itatu mu pepala limodzi komanso yokutidwa ndi tsitsi, zimatha kukhala pawindo. Maluwa a begonias oterewa ndi osavuta, nondescript, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mumitundu yoyera kapena yoyera.

M'dziko lapansi muli mitundu yambiri ya mmera, onse ali ndi masamba owala osawoneka bwino

Kukongoletsa kwa begonia lero kuli kotseguka mwa mitundu yopitilira 1,500, onse ndi a banja la Begonia. Ngati tiwonjezera mitundu yosakanizidwa, timapeza mitundu yopitilira 2,000. Pafupifupi theka laiwo ndi begonia yokongoletsera. Ndizachilendo kumakontinenti onse kumene kuli madera otentha komanso otentha, kupatula Australia. Mwachilengedwe, mbewuyo imamera m'miyala yamiyala, m'nkhalango zonyowa komanso zamithunzi, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yaying'ono, nthawi zina m'nkhalango zowuma.

Nthawi zambiri deciduous begonia limamasuwa

M'zaka za zana la 19, begonia idapezeka m'malo ena ndi m'ma kontrakitala; idayambika kukhala m'malo obiriwira, momwe nyengo yachilengedwe yoyambiriramo inkapangidwanso. Ku Russia, kukongola kwa begonia kudawonekera koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 19, atalandira dzina laulemu "Khutu la Napoleon" chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake a masamba osasakanika, ndi lingaliro la gawo la chipale chofewa la wogontha waku France.

Masiku ano begonia wakhala duwa lomwe lakhazikitsidwa pamitundu yayikulu, makamaka ku Belgium. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokongoletsera zokongoletsera, koma mitundu yamasamba imakhalanso yambiri ndipo imakondedwa.

Mwachilengedwe, zonse zimaganiziridwa ndikulemedwa: ngati duwa la chomera ndilabwino, lowala, ndiye mphatso palokha, nthawi ina yonse chomera chikhoza kukhala chowonekera. Ngati duwa lili-choncho, wotumbululuka, ndiye kuti limakhalanso ndi chithumwa china - masamba, izi zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito pa mitundu yokongoletsera-deciduous. Zogulitsa - amadyera okopa, owala, owutsa mudyo komanso okongola, tsamba lokongola bwino ndikujambula. Mosiyana ndi begonias okhala ndi masamba ambiri, maluwa amathunzi sakhala aatali kwambiri komanso opanda mphamvu, ngakhale kuti zoyeserera za obereketsa zidatulutsa mitundu yomwe maluwa amatalika kwambiri komanso ochulukirapo.

Mitundu ndi mitundu

Ngakhale iwo omwe alibe chidwi ndi mbewu adamva dzina loti "bore begonia". Itha kupezeka kawirikawiri pamawindo apakhomo, chifukwa, ngakhale ili ndi dzina, duwa lokongola ndilopanda ulemu komanso losavuta kusamalira.

M'masiku a Soviet, Rex begonia idagulitsidwa pazifukwa zina pansi pa dzina la Charm, inali ponseponse. Masiku ano, ambiri m'munda wamaluwa ku Russia ndi Ukraine sakungogwira ntchito mwa kuswana, komanso mwa kusankha kwawo mbewu.

Ena mwa mitundu yotchuka ndi awa:

• Royal begonia, kapena Rex begonia - masamba awiri - kapena atatu. Chimakula kwambiri, mbale zamasamba zimatha kufikira 25, kutalika kwa 30 cm;
• Bauer begonia - mwa onse opempha, ali ndi khungu losangalatsa kwambiri, masamba osalala;

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino kwambiri pantchito yolima nyumba.

• Mason Begonia ndi chomera wobadwira ku New Guinea. Makongoletsedwe a masamba ake ndiwosangalatsa, pomwe mawonekedwe a mtanda wodera wa Malta pamtunda wobiriwira amawonekera bwino. Maluwa amakhala oyera, beige;
• Cleopatra ndi wotchuka kwambiri wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira omwe amakhala ofiira kumbuyo. Maluwa ndi ochepa, oyera;
• Collared begonia - idalandira dzina lake chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a shaggy m'munsi mwa tsamba, imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe okongola a maluwa ang'onoang'ono komanso masamba obiriwira omwe akukula mu rosette yayikulu;

Zolocha za mbewuyi sikuti masamba okha, komanso burashi wamaluwa a pinki

• Red-leved begonia - imasiyanitsidwa ndi maubweya wakuda wamkulu komanso wamtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, womwe kumbuyo kwawo ndi utoto kwambiri;
• Hogweed begonia - masamba a chomera ichi amatha kukhala ofiira komanso obiriwira owala, ma inflorescence ndi pinki. Adatuluka ku Mexico, Brazil ndi South India;
• Sponia yomwe ili ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yayitali kwambiri, imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ndi kusiyana kwa masamba obiriwira ndi mawanga pa iwo. Pali mitundu yambiri;

Royal begonia ndi masamba owala komanso owoneka bwino

• Lucerne begonia ndi chomera chobanika masamba osakhazikika, odulidwa mwaukadaulo. Kuphatikiza masamba okongola ndi maluwa okongoletsera.

Ikani pambuyo pogula mumiphika

Alimi odziwa bwino amalangiza kuti zikagwiritsira ntchito chomera kuchokera mumphika wogulika ndikuyika dothi latsopano. Chifukwa chake udzazika mizu mwachangu ndipo udzakula bwino .. Ndikofunika kuti musangosintha mtundu. Ngati chomera sichimaphuka, simuyenera kuthamangitsa - muyenera kuchikulitsa, masabata angapo atabweretsa munthu watsopano m'nyumba.

Zomwe mukusowa

Pazomwe mungafunike muyenera:

• mphika, makamaka dongo;
• mchenga - umathiridwa pang'ono ngati ngalande pansi pa mphika;
• dothi losakanikirana ndi theka peat kapena humus ndi nthaka yabwino.

Malo abwino

Chomera ichi sichimakonda kuchuluka kwa kuunika, makamaka chifukwa sichitha kuwonekera padzuwa mutangobzala. Kuwotcha kumatha kuchitika masamba, ambiri, dzuwa ambiri silabwino pamtengowo.

Chomera chimakonda zenera lozizira, nyengo yamaluwa m'chilimwe kapena kutengera khonde silimalekerera

Pang'onopang'ono ikamatera

Kufalitsa zokongoletsera komanso zopatsa chidwi ndikosavuta. Popeza duwa limakhala losasinthika, limayamba mizu mosavuta, ngati zonse zachitika molondola. Za momwe mbewu iyi imaberekera:

1. Kufalitsa zodulidwa ndi njira yophweka komanso yofala kwambiri. Zodulidwa kuchokera ku chomera chachikulire chimadulidwa, malo omwe adulidwawo amathandizidwa ndi makala opera ndi kuwaza ndi lapansi. Dothi losakanikirana liyenera kukhala lofanana mchenga, peat komanso nthaka yabwino. Munthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo imayenera kuyima mpaka mizu itawonekera. Imakhala madzi nthawi zonse, kupewa kufinya kwa dongo. Mizu imakonda kubzala mwezi umodzi mutabzala. Itha kuzika mizu m'madzi, ngati phesi lodulidwa limayikidwa m'madzi otetezedwa. Mizu ikaonekera, itha kubzalidwe munthaka.
2. Kufalikira kwa masamba - kudula tsamba, kuyika dothi lonyowa ndikugwira, ndikuphwanya ndi miyala yochokera pamwamba. Pakatha milungu ingapo, mizu imayamba kupanga tsamba.
3. Kugawika kwa tchire kumachitika chifukwa choti mizu idapangika pakulimba kwa mbewuyo pamalo omwe akukhudzana ndi nthaka. Gawo la chomera limadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa pafupi ndi malowa, kudula kumachiritsidwa ndi mpweya wotsegulira, kenako ndikumadzalidwa mumphika wina m'nthaka.
4. Kukula kuchokera mu nthangala ndi njira yovuta kwambiri, pomwe mbewu zimamera pang'onopang'ono. Chipale chimayikidwa m'nthaka yokonzekereratu (kubzala kuyenera kuchitidwa mu Januwale), mbewu zimabalalika pamchenga kuti ndikasungunuka ndi matalala nawonso amalowa m'nthaka. Kenako kuphimba ndi galasi ndi kuthirira ndi kutsitsi. Pakubwera kwa ma sheet awiri enieni, pansi pamadzi chimachitika ndikukhala pansi.

Chisamaliro Chabwino cha Begonia

Kukongoletsa masamba obzala pamasamaliro apanyumba ndizosasangalatsa. Iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi, kupewa kuyanika kwambiri panthaka. Komabe, mmera sufunika chinyezi chambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, pangani kuthirira kwambiri.

Chomerachi sichimalola kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa utsi. Ngakhale kugunda kwamadzi pang'ono pa kuthirira pamasamba kumapereka kusintha kwa mtundu wawo.

Kusamalira chomera ichi ndikosavuta: kuthira madzi nthawi, kuthira manyowa ndi kusawunikira dzuwa. Zomera zing'onozing'ono ziziyikidwa m'malo kamodzi pachaka, zakale - kamodzi zaka, kuti zikule bwino ndipo nthaka sinakhutire. Ngati musamalira ndi kusamalira duwa, lidzakusangalatsani ndi masamba okongola komanso maluwa owoneka bwino.