Ndizachikhalidwe kuti maluwa a cruilina amakongoletsa nyumba zoyang'anira, maofesi, ndipo pagombe la Black Sea ku Caucasus ndi mbewu yokongoletsera yomwe imapanga maluwa okongola, ma park ndi mabwalo. Mithunzi yovuta ndi yachilendo ya masamba osangalatsa imasiya kuyang'ana, imakupangitsani kuti musadziwe ngati mungathe kubweretsa kukongola koteroko m'nyumba yanu. Kuphatikiza apo, chisamaliro cha chingwe kunyumba chomwe sichimayambitsa zovuta zambiri, chimayankha chidwi chake ndi mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino.
Mitundu yayikulu
Cordilina (Cordyline) - mtundu wa mbewu ya banja la Asparagaceae (Asparagaceae). Dzinali limachokera ku liwu lachi Greek loti cylylle - chulu, mfundo chifukwa chotupa, mizu yansonga ngati ma cones.
Cordilina - zokongoletsera zamapaki
Kuthengo, imamera m'malo otentha komanso malo okhala ku Australia, Asia, South America. Zimachitika ngati mitengo, zitsamba ndi zitsamba zopanga mphukira.
Chomera chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a masamba, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala pamwamba pa thunthu. M'mitundu ina, zatsopano zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pobereka zimalekanitsidwa ndi thunthu.
Masamba okhwima, onunkhira, opanda petioles, lanceolate, xiphoid mawonekedwe. Kutumiza kwa masamba ndi arc ndi mzere. Mtundu wa masamba obiriwira umaphatikizapo zobiriwira zakuda, pinki, zofiirira, zachikaso ndi zofiirira. Chifukwa cha izi, palinso dzina lina - "mtengo wachifumu".
Cordilina maluwa m'chilengedwe
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, ngakhale chomera chamkati chamkati chitha maluwa. Ma inflorescence ali ngati mawonekedwe. Maluwa ndi ochepa, oyera, ofiirira, ofiira.
Popita nthawi, masamba apansi amafa, ndikuwonetsa thunthu, lomwe linapatsa mbewu dzina lachiwiri - "kanjedza wabodza". Inde, chingwe cholunjika ndi thunthu lopanda kanthu ndichofanana ndi kanjedza ka chingwe; chimatchulidwanso kuti chopendekera kapena chopendekera. Ma inflorescence ndi pinki, zipatso ndi zakuda. Itha kupezeka m'malo obiriwira ngati mtengo wokongoletsera.
Dracaena amadziwikanso ngati mtengo wa kanjedza wabodza. Nthawi zina dracaena amasokonezedwa ndi cordilina. Kuti tisiyanitse wina ndi mnzake, ndikofunikira kuyerekeza mizu ya mbewu ziwiri:
- Mu dracaena, amawongoka, pamtunda - wachikasu kapena lalanje.
- Mizu ya colilina ndiyachinyengo, yopanda mawonekedwe, ndi kutupa, pagawo la mtundu woyera.
Kusiyanitsa kofunikira ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu. Chipatso cha cordilina chimakhala ndi zidutswa 4-20, mu dracaena - chimodzi.
Ndizachilendo kuti kiwi cordilin wamtundu wautali wokhala ndi masamba owonda kwambiri opyapyala am'mphepete mwa mizere ya pinki kapena yachikasu. Kukula kwofiirira kumawonekera pakati. Mtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga nyimbo zamtunda chifukwa cha kukana kwake chisanu.
Kwa cordilina, chosakanikirana ndi masamba oyandikana ndi mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu.
Zosasangalatsa kwambiri kwa anthu onse omwe amabzala pakhomo amatchedwa cylilina wosafooka, kumwera kwa Russia amabzalidwa poyera.
Cordilina Fruticosis
Cordyline Fruticosa (Cordyline fruticosa) - amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka ya cordilina, yomwe imakulidwa ngati duwa lachipinda. Chomera chokhala ndi thunthu limodzi, koma nthawi zina chimagawidwa m'miyulu ingapo yopatula.
Masamba akuluakulu obiriwira okhala ndi masamba obiriwira okhala ndi mbali yakumtunda amaphatikizika ndi petioles. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi malire, yomwe mtundu wake ungakhale wowoneka bwino mpaka pinki.
Glossy Fruticosis Cordillin Masamba
Cordilina South
South cordilina - mbadwa ya New Zealand, amafikira kumudzi 15. Anthu achilendowo amadya masamba achichepere ngati ndiwo zamasamba, amatcha mbewuyo "mtengo wa kabichi."
Thunthu la mtengowo limakulira pansi. Masamba a xiphoid amtundu wobiriwira amakhala pamtunda, kutalika kwake kumafika 90 cm, m'lifupi - mpaka 7 cm. Mitundu yokhala ndi milozo yayitali yachikasu ndi yofiira imapezeka.
M'nyengo yotentha, mitengo yayikulu yobisalira imawoneka m'mimba zachikulire ngati mtundu wa panicle mpaka 1 mita kuchokera maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera ndi zonona, kutulutsa fungo lokoma. M'malo mwa maluwa, zipatso zazing'ono zoyera zimacha.
Kunyumba, amakula mpaka 3 m, maluwa nthawi zambiri samachitika.
Apical cordilina
Cordilina apical - wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi a maluwa. Mtengo wokongola umakhala ndi masamba ambiri nthawi zambiri kuposa wobiriwira, wopezeka pamtengo wonse ndi pamwamba, mwachilengedwe umakula mpaka 4 m.
Kutalika kwa masamba mpaka 80 masentimita, m'lifupi kumafika masentimita 10. M'mitundu ina, masamba ake ndi achikaso kapena ofiira. Inflorescence imakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera oyera ndi ofiirira.
Masamba owala kwambiri a apilordilina amasangalatsa mawonekedwe
Cordilina Rumba
Malo omwe mbewuyi idabadwira ndi kumpoto kwa Australia, Hawaii, Southeast Asia. Mwachilengedwe, imakula mpaka mamita 3. Panyumba - mpaka 1.5 mamita. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wosadziwika wamasamba: kuchokera wobiriwira wonyezimira mpaka ofiira, ofiira owala ndi ofiirira.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Ubwino waukulu wa duwa ndikutheka kubzala ndi chisamaliro, palibe zovuta zapadera pakukula. Monga oimira onse otentha, amakonda mpweya wowala, wofunda ndi wofunda. Simalola kulembera, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha.
Chinyezi
Maluwa ayenera kupereka chinyezi chachikulu, chimayankha bwino kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Kutentha
M'nyengo yotentha, mitundu yonse ya kutentha ikhale 20-25ᵒC. M'nyengo yozizira, osamukira kumalo otentha amakonda 18-20 ° C, mitundu yamtunda imakhala yokhutira ndi kutentha kutentha mpaka 5-10 ° C. Duwa lokhala ndi masamba osiyanasiyana limasoweka kutentha kwa chipinda panthawi yogona.
Zambiri. Ngakhale m'chilimwe, simuyenera kuyika maluwa pa khonde kapena poyimira - kusintha kwa kutentha kwa usiku kumamupha.
Kuthirira
Kutsirira kumachitika m'njira yanthawi zonse, kutsanulira kuchokera pamwamba kapena poto. Njira yachiwiri ndiyabwino. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi okhazikika pa kutentha kwa firiji.
Pamene dothi lokwera limawuma, dothi limanyowa, madzi okwanira 1-2 pa sabata m'chilimwe ndikokwanira, nthawi yozizira - nthawi 1 pa sabata ndi theka. Ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha nthawi yozizira, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi kumachepetsedwa.
Kangati kupopera mankhwalawa kumadalira magawo a mbewuyo:
- Anthu ochokera m'malo otentha amapopera mankhwala tsiku lililonse, kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti, m'malo mwake amatha kuyikika mu poto ndi dongo lonyowa. Nthawi yotsalayo - pofunikira. Ndikofunika kupukuta masamba ndi chinkhupule chonyowa.
- Kwa mitundu yamtunda, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.
Dothi
Gawo lokonzekera kubzala limagulidwa m malo ogulitsira, dothi lapadziko lonse lapansi lokhala ndi asidi limakhala loyenerera, kapena kukonzekera palokha, kusakaniza magawo ofanana:
- Dziko lapansi;
- Peat;
- Humus;
- Mchenga.
Zambiri. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera crumb njerwa kapena zidutswa zamakala, zomwe zingathandize kuthana ndi acidization dothi ndikupanga friability.
Feteleza
Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wovuta kupangira zokongoletsera zamkati, gwiritsani ntchito kochepera pang'ono kuposa mlingo womwe wafotokozedwayo. Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka Seputembala, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika kamodzi sabata iliyonse.
Njira zolerera
Pofalitsa maluwa, kugawa kwa nthiti, kudula ndi kufesa mbewu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mbewu
Njira yofikira kunyumba nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zimatenga nthawi yayitali, ndipo toyesa wamkulu samalandira mitundu yamtundu, mosiyana ndi zidina, kuchokera pambewu zomwe, kunyumba, mbewu zatsopano nthawi zambiri zimapezedwa.
Bzalani mbeu m'nthaka ndi mchenga, mutanyowa, ndikugawa pansi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito makaseti poyika mbewu imodzi mu khungu lililonse. Phimbani ndi kanema, wothiriridwa ndi madzi ndi mpweya wabwino. Kuwombera kumawoneka ochepa: woyamba - pakatha mwezi umodzi, womaliza - pambuyo pa 3.
Mbande imatsika pachidebe chimodzi ikamakula masentimita 5-7.Yabzalidwe mumbale zosungiramo nyemba zina.
Kudula
Pofalitsa, zidutswa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera kumtunda kapena pakati pa thunthu mpaka 10cm kutalika ndi kukhalapo kwa masenti a 1-4. Amayikidwa mu gawo lonyowa kapena madzi, osungidwa ndi kutentha kwa 25-30 ° C. Mutha kupanga mini-wowonjezera kutentha mwa kuphimba beseni ndi galasi kapena filimu.
Mizu yake imawonekera pamwezi. Mizu yokhazikitsidwa mizu imayikidwa miphika ndi gawo laling'ono la mbewu zakale: ichi ndi chisakanizo cha humus, peat, mchenga ndi kuwonjezera kwa perlite.
Shank ndi mizu
Gawoli
Kuti agawanitse nthambizo, mbewuyo imachotsedwa mumphika, mizu imamasulidwa kuchokera pansi, izi zimachitika pozisokoneza. Mizu imatsukidwa, kudulidwamo ndi chida chofufuzira, magawo amathandizidwa ndi yankho la phytosporin. Mizu imachitika mu dothi lotayirira, lokutidwa ndi kanema. Nthawi zonse mpweya wabwino ndi madzi.
Patatha mwezi umodzi, mizu ikapangidwa, amazisanjika kukhala miphika yosiyana.
Matenda azomera
Kusamalidwa kwapamwamba komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa mikhalidwe yabwino sikumapatula kuwoneka kwa tizirombo ndi matenda. Ngati panali zosamveka zilizonse, duwa limatha kudwala. Izi zikuwoneka ndi maonekedwe ake: mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamasamba, amatembenuka chikasu, amayamba kugwa, cellilina amasiya kukula.
Madontho a bulauni
Maonekedwe a bulauni m'mphepete mwa tsamba limawonetsa kuti duwa limaphulika ndi mitsinje ya mphepo yozizira. Iyenera kukonzedwanso kumalo ena kumene kulibe kukonzekera.
Masamba auma
Tsamba lam'munsi likauma ndikugwa, ndikuwonetsa thunthu, izi ndi chilengedwe popanda nkhawa.
Ngati nsonga za masamba ziuma kutalika konse kwa thunthu, ndiye kuti mpweya ndi wouma kwambiri, ndipo kufalikira kumafunikira.
Kuvunda
Nthawi zambiri, kumera mizu kumawonekera, komwe kumawonetsera dothi lamvula komanso kutentha pang'ono kukonza. Duwa limafota, kuleka kukula, masamba afota.
Masamba akugwa
Kugwa kwa masamba otsika kumachitika chifukwa chachilengedwe. Pofuna kukonzanso duwa, pamwamba limadulidwa, limazika mizu ndikabzala.
Kuti apange mawonekedwe ophatikiza, mbewu zingapo zazitali zosiyanasiyana zimabzalidwe pafupi ndi yayitali.
Njira Zakubwezeretserani
Kuyanika dothi kumatha kuthana ndi kuvunda kwa mizu, kapena kufalikira mu dothi latsopano ndipo mphika watsopano ungathandize.
Zofunika! Panthawi yoti mizu yake iwoloke, maluwa sangathe kupulumuka. Ndikofunikira kudula pamwamba, kuzika mizu kuti muthe chomera chatsopano.
Ngati mawanga a bulauni amwazika pankhope yonse ya tsamba, ndiye kuti chomera chimakhala chinyezi.
Mapepala amtundu amatsika owala, amatembenuka, izi zimayambitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa kuwala, kuyandikira pafupi ndi kuwala kumabweza utoto. Mapepala ang'onoang'ono akuwoneka, opunduka - chomera chimayimira kusowa kwa zakudya.
Tcherani khutu! Cordilin imafunika kuvala pamwamba chaka chonse, nthawi yotentha imachitidwa nthawi zambiri kuposa nthawi yozizira.
Kuwotcha kochokera ku dzuwa komwe kumayang'ana masamba kumayang'ana mawanga. Ndikofunikira kuti mupeze colilina ndi makatani kapena malo komwe kulibe dzuwa. Mdima ndi kupindika kwa masamba amayamba chifukwa cha kutentha kwakatundu, chomeracho chiyenera kuyikidwa m'chipinda momwe kutentha kosatha kumasungidwira.
Kuthetsa zoyambitsa zonse kudzabwezeretsa colilina kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.
Wokhala mmalo otentha adapambana pamutu wapanyumba yabwino, kukhazikika m'nyumba za anthu aku Russia. Adzakhala akuchepetsa zolakwa zomwe zidachitika munthawi yake, koma nkuwongolera pochoka, adzayang'aniridwa ndikusamalidwa ndi masamba owala.
