Hamedorea (omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa bango kapena nsonga ya bamboo) amawakonda kubzala mkati mwa nyumba osati zokongoletsera zokha, kudzichepetsa komanso kusasamala. Chigamba ichi chodabwitsa chimadziwika chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake opindulitsa - izo Amachiritsa, amamwa zinthu zovulaza thupi. Lengezeni kawirikawiri ndi chithandizo cha njira. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti hamedorea siimera kumbewu. N'zotheka kukula mtengo wa mgwalangwa ndi njira ya mbewu pa mtengo wotsika kwambiri - pakuti izi ndizofunikira kuti apange zinthu zoyenera ndikudikirira pang'ono.
Mukudziwa? Hamedorea (Chamaedorea) ali ndi mitundu yoposa 130 ya mitengo ya kanjedza yomwe ikukula mofulumira. Malo a chilengedwe - mapiri a Latin America (amatha kutalika mamita atatu). Mitundu ina ya Hamedorei (yapamwamba, yokongola, yothamanga, ya monochrome, Arenberg, etc.) inagwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi malo amkati ndipo inakhala yotchuka ku nyumba ya floriculture. Amasiyana mochepa (kukula kwake mpaka mamita 1.3), masamba odzola ngati mapulogalamu ophatikizana.
Chofunika kuyang'ana pamene mukugula mbewu
Choyamba chofunikira ndicho kupeza mbewu za Hamedorei. Pali njira ziwiri:
- Gula mbewu m'masitolo apadera;
- muzitengere nokha.
Ndikofunikira! Musagule mbewu za Hamedorei, zomwe zili kale miyezi 11-12 kapena kuposerapo, sizidzaphuka.
Pachifukwa chachiwiri, n'zotheka kupeza mbewu zatsopano, koma pali mavuto: onse Hamedorei dioecious, mumayenera kukhala ndi amayi osachepera amodzi ndi amodzi. M'zinthu za chipinda ndikofunikira kupanga mapuloteni opangira (pogwiritsa ntchito burashi). Ngati apambana, mbeu idzamangidwa. Kusonkhanitsa Mbewu kumaperekedwa atatha kugwa pansi (chizindikiro cha kukula).
Kuti Hamedorea akwanitse kuchulukana ndi chithandizo cha mbewu, m'pofunikira kudutsa njira yokonzekera, kubzala mbewu ndi kumera.
Mukudziwa? Hamedorei amatha kuphulika kwambiri kunyumba. Mbalame yamaluwa imatulutsa inflorescences (paniculate kapena mtundu wofiira) kuchokera ku maluwa onunkhira achikasu (nthawi zina ofiira). Mitedza yaikazi yaikazi imapatsa maluwa ochepa kwambiri a lalanje kapena la chikasu. Pamene ovary amapangidwa kuzungulira zipatso (kuyambira 5 mm mpaka 20 mm) wakuda, wofiira kapena wachikasu.
Mbewu yokonzekera musanadzalemo
Ngati mbewuzo zidagulidwa kusitolo, ziyenera kukonzekera kufesa - zogwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chapadera (kumbukirani kuti palibe chitsimikizo kuti nthawi yosonkhanitsira mbewu ndi yolondola ndipo mwayi wawo ukawonekera). Kukonzekera kwafupika kuti ziwombe - mbewu zimathiridwa masiku awiri kapena asanu mu madzi oyera, ofewa (mvula) (muyenera kuyesera kuti ikhale yotentha nthawi zonse), komanso m'madzi:
- ndi kuwonjezeranso kukonzekera kukonzekera kumera;
- ndi kuwonjezera kwa madontho pang'ono a ayodini.
Pofulumira kumera, mbewu iliyonse imachotsedwa pamphepete imodzi (ndi fayilo, fayilo ya singano, miyala yowonjezera, etc.).
Maonekedwe a nthaka yofesa mbewu za kanjedza
Kuti mbeu za Hamedorei zizikula bwino, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zisabzalidwe pansi, koma gawo lapadera lokonzekera. Zosakaniza zokonzedwa bwino ndizo:
- kuchokera ku Moss, mchenga wamatchi ndi quartz. Pofuna kupewa njira zowonongeka, kupweteka kwa makala kumaphatikizidwanso kusakaniza;
- kuchokera mchenga wa quartz, utuchi, nthaka ya sod ndi moss (mofanana mbali).
Mukudziwa? Hamedorea mtengo wamtengo wapatali umayeretsa mpweya mu chipinda chochokera ku carbon dioxide, zitsulo zolimba, formaldehydes, trichlorethylene ndi zinthu zina zovulaza - zimamwa nawo masamba ndi mizu; kumawonjezera mphamvu ya anthu okhala mu nyumbayo, amalimbikitsanso kusamalidwa, amachepetsa.
Kudzala mbewu zokonzedwa m'mitsuko
Hamedorea afesedwa pamwamba pa gawo lapansi: Kuchuluka kwa kufesa mbewu ndi kochepa - kuyambira 1 mpaka 2 cm. Mbewu imayikidwa ndi gawo lodulidwa mu gawo lapansi lonyowa. Kuwaza pamwamba pa nthaka sikofunika. Zipupa zapulasitiki zosayika (ndi mabowo osambira), miphika, kapena zitsulo zowonongeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamuka. Pambuyo pofesa, m'pofunika kupereka mbeu ndi zowonjezera kutentha (kutentha ndi 100% chinyezi). Kuti muchite izi, pezani chidebe ndi mbeu ndi galasi kapena filimu, kuvala thumba loonekera. Nthanga zikamera m'nyengo yozizira, mphamvu yofesa mbewu za kanjedza ikhoza kuikidwa pa batiri yotentha.
Zomwe mbewu zimamera
Nthaŵi yabwino yobzala mbewu ya Hamedorei kanjedza ndi masika. Ngati mbewu zatsopano (zodzipeleka), palibe chifukwa chodikira. Mbewu zoterezi ziyenera kubzalidwa mwamsanga ndipo osayima mpaka atakalamba. Hamedorea sikutanthauza kuti kuyatsa kwa mbeu kumera kukhala chinthu chapadera. Zofunikira ndi:
- kutentha kokhazikika. Mafunde otentha pansi ayenera kukhala kuyambira +28 mpaka +30 ° C;
- mpweya wabwino. Nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kutsegula wowonjezera kutentha kuti ventilate, kusungunuka kwa madzi kuchokera ku makoma, kuteteza kuvunda;
- mulingo woyenera kwambiri kuthirira (Mbeu ikhoza kufa ndi gawo lopitirira ndi madzi).
Pakusankha, ndi kosavuta kuwononga mizu yachinyamata, kuphatikiza kwa impso ndi eposperm, choncho zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa. Kwa mbande, makanda amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zazing'ono (m'mimba mwake musapitirire 7 cm). Nthaka ya palmu yaing'ono imasiyana mosiyana ndi gawo loyambirira. Iye amaimira mchenga wa quartz, tsamba la dziko lapansi ndi humus mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 2: 1: 1 (sitiyenera kuiwala za ngalande!). Ndi malo abwino kwambiri ogulitsa masitolo "Palma".
Mbewu yokhala ndi binder pansi siimakula, ndipo imaikidwa pamwamba. Pambuyo pomaliza kusankha, mphukira ziyenera kuthiriridwa. Mphukira yaing'ono imafuna kuyatsa bwino (dzuwa molunjika limatsutsana). Zomwe zinachitikira alimi amalangiza kupanga kuwala kojambula kuchokera ku waya, kukulunga ndi translucent filimu, kuphimba iwo ndi mphukira ndi kugwiritsira ntchito nthawi yomweyo dzuwa kuteteza ndi ngati zokometsera wowonjezera kutentha.
Kusamalira ndi kuikanso mitengo ya kanjedza
Hamedorea ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri, ndipo chisamaliro chosavuta chiri pa mapewa ngakhale kwa wolima chimbudzi wosadziŵa zambiri. Chomera chikulimbana ndi chilala ndi chinyezi chowonjezera. Koma ngati mukufuna hamedorea kukondwera ndi kukongola kwake, ndi bwino kutsatira malamulo osavuta.
Choyamba ndicho kuthirira bwino. Kutentha, nthawi zambiri kuthirira ayenera kukhala 2-3 nthawi pa sabata, kuphatikizapo kupopera mbewu tsiku ndi tsiku ndi madzi otsika. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kumwa madzi pang'ono, asiye kupopera mbewu. Chizindikiro chosowa kuthirira - kuyanika pamwamba pa gawo lapansi. Pofuna kusunga chinyezi, tsitsani madzi m'mitsuko yowonongeka ndikuzisiya m'chipindamo.
Chikhalidwe chachiwiri ndicho kudyetsa bwino. Mitengo yamitengo imadyetsedwa m'chilimwe ndi m'dzinja, kawiri pa mwezi. Njira yabwino komanso yosavuta yodyetsera feteleza yamadzi "Palm".
Lamulo lachiwiri ndikupatsa chomera kupuma m'nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa Hamedorei kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kukhala +18 ° C, ndikofunikira kuleka kudyetsa.
Mitengo ya kanjedza ikuluikulu sayenera kupachikidwa kawirikawiri (kokha pamene mizu yadzadzaza chidebe - kawirikawiri iliyonse ya zaka 3-4), pomwe Hamedorei wamng'ono ayenera kuikidwa chaka chilichonse. Zifukwa zoberekera ndi:
- Kumaliza kudzaza mphika ndi mizu;
- matenda a fungal.
Ndikofunikira! Pogwiritsa ntchito mphika waukulu kwambiri wokhala ndi mitengo ya kanjedza ya Hamedorei, mizu siidzatha kuthana ndi vutolo, dothi liyamba kuvuta, zomera zimapweteka (bowa, mizu yovunda, etc.). Nthaŵi zambiri pamwezi, mphika uyenera kutembenuzidwa madigiri 180 kuti ukhale wosakanikirana wa korona.
Kujambula mtengo wamalulu kumakhala bwino kumayambiriro (May). Ndondomeko ya ndondomeko ya momwe mungasinthire hamedorea:
- Mangani miyala ndi kukulitsa dongo mu mphika wokonzeka, pangani madzi.
- Ikani nthaka yosakaniza pamadzi okonzeka (gawo limodzi mwa atatu).
- Sungani nthaka mumphika wakale ndikuchotsa Hamedorei mofatsa (zimayambira ziyenera kusungidwa).
- Chotsani nthaka yakale (kugwedeza mizu), yambani madzi ofunda. Mtengo wamtengo wa kanjedza umayika mu mphika watsopano, ndikugwira, kuwongoka mizu, kudzaza pansi. Pakuwunikira mu kugwa kapena nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kuti musakhudze chipinda chadothi, kuti muzitha kuziyika (pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira).
- Gawo lapansi mu mphika watsopano ikhoza kupanikizidwa mofatsa ndi kudzazidwa ndi latsopano. Pambuyo pakuika, mphika uyenera kuikidwa pamthunzi.
Ndikofunikira! Chibonga chamtchi chimawoneka chokongoletsera ngati mutabzala mphukira zingapo za Hamedorei mumphika umodzi.
