Zakudya zam'mimba ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pa zakudya za anthu a ku Africa ndi Latin America. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mphalasa, kapena, monga kumatchedwa, chimanga, m'madera amenewo, voliyumu imatha kufanana ndi mbatata zomwe timadya. Koma nthawi zina zomwe zimadyetsedwa kwa ena, kwa ena - monga imfa. Ndipo apa, popanda kukokomeza.
Ndi chiyani komanso kumene chimakula
Manioc - yowonjezera mapiri otentha omwe ali ndi mayina ambiri: maniot, cassava, yuka (osati kusokonezeka ndi yucca). Chimaoneka ngati shrub ndi masamba a palmate komanso mizu ya tuberous yomwe imatha kufika masentimita 8-10 ndipo imakhala mamita 1 m'litali. Chomeracho chinayambira ku South America ndipo tsopano chikulima m'madera otentha: Africa, madera ena a Asia ndi Indonesia.
Kuwonjezera pa chimanga, zomera zowonjezereka ndi: albino, hypoestes, adiantum, daemon (diso la dragon), cordilina, feijoa, nepent, epiphyte, jacaranda (violet tree), aglaonema, kerodendrum, alokaziya, ehmeya yokongoletsera, kunyezimira ndi monstera.
Mukudziwa? Cahim - kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kuchokera ku cassava. Mtengo woyenera wa madzi ndi ... mankhwangwa a anthu amathandiza kuyambitsa ndondomeko ya kuthirira mphukira!
Mankhwala amapangidwa
Mazira akuluakulu a cassava ali ndi cyanogenic glycosides, linamarin ndi lotavstralin, yomwe, pamene imagawanika, amapanga acetone ndi hydrocyanic asidi. Mlingo wa poizoni uwu mu 400 g wa mizu yosalala ndi yoopsa kwa anthu. Choncho, n'kosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito mizu mu mawonekedwe ake opangira. Caloric cassava ndi 159 calories ndipo ili ndi zinthu zotero (pa 100 g):
| Zakudya za thupi, mavitamini ndi mchere | Chiwerengero cha |
| Magologololo | 1.2 g |
| Mafuta | 0.3 g |
| Zakudya | 38.3 g |
| Zakudya za zakudya | 1.8 g |
| Shuga | 1.7 g |
| Phulusa | 0.62 g |
| Madzi | 59.68 g |
| Vitamini A | 13 IU |
| Vitamini B1 | 0.097 mg |
| Vitamini B2 | 0.048 mg |
| Vitamini B3 | 0.854 mg |
| Vitamini b4 | 23.7 mg |
| Vitamini B5 | 0.107 mg |
| Vitamini B6 | 0.088 mg |
| Vitamini C | 20.6 mg |
| Vitamin E | 0.19 mg |
| Vitamini K | 1.9 mcg |
| Potaziyamu | 271 mg |
| Calcium | 16 mg |
| Magesizi | 21 mg |
| Sodium | 14 mg |
| Phosphorus | 27 mg |
| Iron | 0.27 mg |
| Manganese | 0.384 mg |
| Mkuwa | 0.1 mg |
| Selenium | 0.7 μg |
| Zinc | 0.34 mg |
Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi tubers zimaphatikizapo pafupifupi 40% wowuma ndi mafuta amino acid.
Zothandiza ndi kuchiritsa katundu
Pogwiritsidwa bwino, chimanga chimatayika katundu wake wonse ali ndi phindu pa thupi ndi:
- zimayika mlingo wa shuga;
- kutsuka mitsempha ya m'magazi ku cholesterol;
- chiwerengero;
- kumalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi;
- amachepetsa ziwalo za ukalamba;
- ali ndi anti-yotupa katundu.
Ndikofunikira! Nthanga za mchenga zimakhala ndi kusanza kwakukulu ndi zotsatira zowonongeka, ndipo mizu yaiwisi imatha kukhala ngati machiritso a machiritso.
Zosowa za masamba omwe asanatengedwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popewera khansa.
Zotsutsana ndi zotsatira zake
Manioc imakhala ndi cyanide yambiri, kotero pamene kudya mizu yaiwisi, munthu amachititsa poizoni wamphamvu, ngakhale imfa. Koma kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi misala yowonongeka sizowononga. Thupi limamva mofulumira ndipo limagwiranso ntchito ndi kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba ndi kuwawa mkamwa.
Kodi mungagule chiyani?
Pogulitsa mukhoza kupeza mizu ndi masamba a cassava mu mawonekedwe ake oyambirira, ndipo amawombera.
- Muzu. Pezani tubers makamaka pophika mbale zophika.
- Maluwa. Nkhumba yamphanga imalowa m'malo mwa ufa wosabala ndipo ndi njira ina kwa iwo omwe amatsutsana ndi mitundu ina ya tirigu.
- Masamba. Mapuloteni ambiri m'masambawa amachititsa kukoma kwawo ngati sipinachi komanso amatumizidwa ngati mbale.
- Tapioca. Mtedza wowuma umagwiritsidwa ntchito ponse pakuphika komanso kwa mafakitale.
Poinsettia, Croton, Euphorbia ndi Castor Oil, komanso edible cassava, ndi a Euphorbia, omwe amadziwika kuti ndiwo madzi omwe amawoneka ndi mkaka amachokera ku zimayambira komanso masamba omwe amawombera.
Konzani sitiroberi kuti mudye
Takhala tikudziŵa kale zomwe zimayambitsa mizu yosazinga, tsopano taganizirani luso la kukonzekera kwa tubers. Mizu yosambitsidwa bwino imatsukidwa ndi kuthiridwa kwa kanthawi m'madzi: izi zidzakuthandizani kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cyanide musanatenge chithandizo cha kutentha. Koma ndipamene amatha kupanga maketi, choncho musanayambe kukonzekera, zida zowonongeka zowonongeka kapena zokazinga, ndiyeno mukhoza kutsatira mosamala kapepalacho.
Ndikofunikira! Hydrocyanic acid imasanduka pang'onopang'ono processing temperature ya 26.7°C.
Kodi mungaphike chiyani?
Mizu imakhala ndi mapuloteni pang'ono komanso amino acid okha. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amawotchera mankhwalawa. Kusakaniza ndi kuchepa kwa mafuta amino acid kungateteze madzi m'thupi, pofuna kupeŵa izi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito masamba a zomera, omwe ali olemera mu mapuloteni. Zakudya zowonjezeka kwambiri kuchokera ku cassava ndi mbale zotsalira ndi mitundu yonse ya mikate yopanda pake ndi mkate. Ndipo tikukupatsani chophikira cha mikate ya ku Brazil "Fupa la Pao de kejo" la ufa. Mudzafunika:
- ufa - makapu awiri;
- masamba mafuta - 0.25 chikho;
- mkaka - makapu 0,5;
- madzi - makapu 0,5;
- dzira - zidutswa ziwiri;
- Parmesan - 100 g;
- mchere - 0,5 supuni.
- Sakanizani madzi, mkaka, batala, mchere ndi kuphika mpaka muthe.
- Thirani izi osakaniza mu ufa, kusonkhezera bwino ndi kusiya kuti kuziziritsa.
- Onjezerani mazira ndi grated parmesan ndi kusakaniza bwino.
- Lembani mabukhu amtsogolo kuchokera ku mtanda umenewo ndipo uwaike kuphika kwa mphindi 30-35 pa 180 °.
Mukudziwa? Ku Africa, mavuto a zaumoyo okhudzana ndi kudya mowa wosasinthika amapeza dzina losiyana. - "Konzo".M'dera lathu sizachilendo kupeza manyowa ndi zotsatira zake, koma ngati n'kotheka, onetsetsani kuti mugula ndikuyesa chinthu china chatsopano. Kumbukirani za Amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa kuchokera kumadera otentha komanso ubwino umene angabweretse thupi lanu.
