Mithunzi yosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka ndi zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti duwa la astilbe likhale lodziwika pakapangidwe kazinyumba zambiri zamalimwe. Chomera chokongoletsera chimakhala chosasangalatsa, chimamasula nthawi yayitali ndipo chimafalikira mosavuta.
Mbiri pang'ono
M'malo achilengedwe, ma inflorescence owala otseguka amapezeka paliponse m'nkhalango za North America. Awoneni nyengo yotentha ya Kummawa. Osewerawa adasinthika kukhala chikhalidwe cha zikomo kwa Lord Hamilton, yemwe adapita ku Europe m'zaka za zana la 19.
Zodabwitsa zakutsogolo
Duwa limatanthauzira kuti "losalala", koma izi sizinamulepheretse chidwi chake. Astrilboy adayamba chidwi ndi obereketsa (omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi a Emil Lemoine ndi a Georgia Arends).
Ku Russia, mbewu idayamba kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Tsopano nzanga wosakanizidwa wakula m'nyumba zamalimwe, zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi pakati pa anthu ozungulira.
Ngakhale kuti chikhalidwe cha nthawi yayitali chimachokera ku nyengo ya monsoon, idasinthasintha mwadongosolo la pakati pa USSR yakale. Chifukwa cha kuuma kwa nyengo yozizira, astilbe yamira m'madera ozizira (kupatula kuti si kumpoto Kumpoto).
Zikuwoneka bwanji
Astilba ndi chomera chachikulu cha herbaceous kuchokera ku banja la Kamenelomkov. Amalimidwa kuti azikongoletsa maluwa ndi maluwa osakanikirana, komanso okulidwa kuti azidula m'maluwa.
Maluwa a Astilbe
Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu ingapo ya ma astilbe omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe wamba, chifukwa chomwe simungasokoneze chikhalidwe ndi china chilichonse.
Kufotokozera
| Zomera | Mawonekedwe |
| Tsinde | Kutalika, pafupifupi kutalika - 0.5-0.7 m, koma amakula mpaka 2 m. |
| Mapepala | Openwork, 2-3 yopatukana, yopakidwa m'mphepete ndi chopingika chopindika. Sungani mtundu wawo wonyezimira wakuda, wamkuwa kapena burgundy ku chisanu. |
| Maluwa | Zochulukirapo, zazing'ono, chifukwa chomwe mapabowo okhala ngati burashi amawoneka kuti aphimbidwa ndi fluff. Inflorescence kuchokera 10 mpaka 60 cm amakhala ndi piramidi, rhombic ndi mawonekedwe ena. |
| Rhizome | Woody, yomwe ili pafupi ndi nthaka. Chaka chilichonse amawonjezera masentimita 5 ndipo kasupe amatulutsa zimayambira zatsopano. |
| Chipatso | Mwanjira ya bokosi lodzaza ndi ma microscopic mbewu za mtundu wa bulauni. |
Tcherani khutu! Masewera a astilbe atamasuka, dimba limadzaza ndi fungo labwino lomwe limapangitsa kununkhira kwa miyezi yambiri.
Mitundu yayikulu
Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu 25 ya mbewu. Ku Russia, oyimira atatu azikhalidwe ndi otchuka.
Mitundu ya Astilbe
| Dzinalo | Kufotokozera |
| Wachichaina | Imafika pamtunda wa 0.5-1.1 m. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi nthambi zopanda mphamvu. Masamba akulu a petiolate amapangidwa pansi pa mphukira zowongoka. Pamwamba pamitengo, zobiriwira zakuda, zokhala ndi chitsulo chachitsulo, masamba amachepera kukula. Ma inflorescence omwe amapezeka pamwamba pa nsonga ali ndi mawonekedwe a piramidi, kutalika kwa 30-60 cm. Masambawa amapakidwa utoto wa lilac kapena utoto wofiirira. |
| Chijapani | Chitsamba chowumbika chomwe chimakula mpaka 0,6-0.8 m. Chokongoletsera chagolide chimawoneka pambale zazing'ono zobiriwira. Chomera chimapatsa panicles oyera oyera, ofiira kapena ofiira owala. Greenilba ya ku Japan imamasula koyambirira kuposa mitundu ina ndipo ngakhale ma inflorescence atapuma, sataya mphamvu yake yokongoletsera. |
| Magawo | Kufalitsa chitsamba chachitali chazitali chazithunzi kapena mawonekedwe a piramidi. Masamba ofiira amtundu wakuda wabiriwira wobiriwira amawuma. Mitengo yayitali ya racemose yofiyira yofiyira, yapinki, ya lilac, yokhala ndi masamba oyera mosinthana ndi nsonga za mphukira. |
Zambiri! Pali mitundu ina yazikhalidwe. Pamtunda wowonda wa Thunberg, masamba obiriwira amawagawa moyenerera kutalika kwa tsinde. Kutalika kwa masamba a sailibe kupitirira 0,5 m, nthawi zina chitsamba chimangofalikira pansi.
Kodi astilbe imamasuka liti ndipo motani?
Chikhalidwe chilichonse chosiyanasiyana chili ndi nthawi yake ya maluwa. Zambiri zimatengera dera. Kwa akumwera, chitsamba chitha kuwonetsa masamba mu Meyi. Pakati panjira, astilba imanunkhira bwino mu Julayi-August.
Mitundu yambiri pam nsonga ya mphukira, mawonekedwe obiriwira a inflorescence mu June. Corolla ya mawonekedwe olondola ndi petals okwera kuti chimango otsika stamens. Pamene maluwa a nyenyezi zakuthwa amayamba kuzungulira kwa masiku angapo. Zimatha milungu iwiri mpaka mwezi umodzi.
Zosiyanasiyana za ku Japan
Mitundu yotchuka
Mu mtundu wa Astilbe, pali mitundu yopitilira 200 yosadziwika. Zonsezi kuti zikule m'dera limodzi ndizosatheka. Chifukwa chake, wamaluwa amadzisankhira ena mwa otchuka pachikhalidwe.
Zosiyanasiyana za Astilbe
| Dzinalo | Kufotokozera |
| Astilba Burgundy Red | Pazina ili, mitundu yambiri imaphatikizidwa ndi mtundu wofiyira wolemera wa piramidi inflorescence. Kutalika kwa tchire kumachokera ku 0,5 mpaka 0,7 m, m'lifupi ndikufika masentimita 40 chifukwa cha nthambi zazikulu zosinthika. |
| Deutschland Astilba | Chitsamba chocheperako chosankha cha ku Germany ndizokongoletsa kwenikweni m'mundamo. Ali ndi mitengo yoyera yoyera yophimba timitengo tofiyira. |
| Maluwa a pichesi | Amadziwikanso kuti astilbe Peach Blossom pamwala wotchedwa salmon-pinki wochita kupindika mitengo yoyaka chitsamba mpaka 0,6 cm. |
| Chikomachi | Chitsamba chamamita chimasiyanitsidwa ndi piramidi yokongola. Asturba Purpurkerze ili ndi ma inflorescence apinki okhala ndi utoto wofiirira. |
| Bonn Astilba | Chitsamba chotalika pakatikati chimakongoletsedwa ndi masamba obiriwira. Phukusi lofiirira-lapinki lonunkhira bwino mu Julayi-Ogasiti. |
| Washington astilba | Zosiyanasiyana zimasiyana ndi zoyera zoyera zomwe zimayala kwambiri. |
| Astilbe Delft Lace | Astilbu Delft Leys ndizosowa kuphonya m'mundamo - mbewuyo imakhala yokhazikika ndi zovuta zake zamtengo wapatali za viniga burgundy zopangidwa pamtundu womwewo wa zimayambira. Kubowola kofiira kumakhalanso pamasamba obiriwira. |
| Bumalda Astilba | Wamtali wokhala ndi kutalika kwa 0,4-0.6 m amasiyanitsidwa ndi mbale ya masamba obiriwira. Ma petals oyera a inflorescence amakongoletsedwa ndi rasipiberi. |
| Wamphamvu Chocolade Cherry | Tchire lalitali kwambiri ku Astilbe, la Mamandla Chocolate Cherry, limakhala ndi dzina lothokoza chifukwa cha nthambi zake za chokoleti ndi mapayipi amtengo wapatali. |
| Erica Astilba | Kutalika kwakukulu kwa chitsamba ndi 90 masentimita, kumakhala ndi masamba ofiira, ofiira amtundu wofewa wa pinki wa inflorescence ya rhombic. |
| Anita Pfeiffer | Chingwe chofika kutalika kwa 90 cm, chitsamba chotchedwa Anita Pfeifer chimamasula mu Julayi ndi inflorescence yaying'ono ya lilac-pinki. |
| Cologne | Mtundu wosakanizidwa pang'ono umakula mpaka mamitala 0.6. Astilbe Cologne amadziwika ndi chitsamba chowoneka bwino, pamwamba pake pomwe inflorescence yowala kwambiri imakwera. |
| Amereka | Zomwe zimayambira pachomera sizoposa 70 cm, zili ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Mu Julayi, chitsamba chidafundidwa ndi kuwala kwa pinki. |
| Amethyst | Tchire silafikira mita imodzi, ndipo silikhala lozungulira. Masamba owoneka bwino a utoto wa lilac amawonekera pamasamba obiriwira. |
| Zachikazi | Kuchokera patali, chitsamba chotalika nthawi yamaluwa chimakhala ngati mtengo wokongola wa Khrisimasi wokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa a lilac a inflorescence. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira m'mphepete mwake amakhala ndi mtundu wa brownish. |
| Gloria Weiss | Chitsamba chokhala ndi chotumphukira cha masamba obiriwira amdima sichimafikira kutalika kwa mita 1. Gloria amadziwika ndi kirimu wowala kapena mithunzi yoyera ya inflorescence. |
| Daimondi | Zosiyanasiyana zimatchulidwanso kuti zoyera chifukwa cha mawonekedwe okongola kuyambira 14 mpaka 20 cm mulifupi. M'mbuyo mwawo ndi masamba akulu owala obiriwira. |
| Mlongo Teresa | Ma Rhumbic wide inflorescence ali ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino wa kirimu komanso fungo labwino. Mlongo amadziwika ndi kusintha kwa mthunzi wa masamba: kuyambira wobiriwira wakuda koyambirira kwa nyengo mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. |
| Chithumbo chofiira | Tchire lalitali kutalika limaponya inflorescence zazitali kwambiri zofiirira pamitengo yofanana. |
| Ndiyang'anani | Okhala pachilimwe amatcha chitsamba m'njira yosavuta - "Luka". Pamtali pautali wofiyira, maluwa akuluakulu a pinki amadzimadzuwa, amaphatikizidwa bwino ndi amadyera otseguka. |
Tcherani khutu! M'mabedi amaluwa, burgundy astilbe (Vesuvius, Montgomery, Pomegranate, mitundu ya Afrotida) ndi chikasu, atazunguliridwa ndi alendo achidule, amawoneka oyambirira.
Tsegulani ndikugulitsa
Pogula mmera, wokhazikika ukhoza kubzalidwa pokhapokha, pomwe wakhala ukuchita bwino kwa zaka 10. Ngakhale chomera sichinadziwike, lingalirani za kubzala.
Wopanga Nkhani
Kusankha kwampando
Zophatikiza zimapangidwa pokhapokha panthaka zachonde zopanda ndale kapena pang'ono acidic.
Zofunika! Astilba ndiwosakonda wachinyontho komanso wosazika mizu. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa dimba la maluwa patsamba lomwe lili ndi malo apamwamba pansi pamadzi.
Chomera chimakonda madera amthunzi. Kudera lakumpoto kokha, komwe dzuwa silitentha kwenikweni ngakhale chilimwe, astilba imabzalidwe m'malo otseguka.
Pang'onopang'ono ikamatera
- Maenje amapangidwa ang'onoang'ono - mpaka 30 cm.
- Feteleza wophatikizika (30 g) wothira ufa wamfupa (2 barele) amathiridwa pansi.
- Danga la humus limayikidwa pamwamba.
- Bowo limanyowa ndipo chodzaza nyemba chimabzalidwa pakatikati, ndikuwaza dothi ndi dothi.
Ngati maluwa atapangidwa kuchokera ku tchire zingapo, sungani mtunda wa 0,5 mita kutalika ndi 0.3 wotsika.
Kupandukira kwa Astilbe
Kubwezeretsa kwa astilbe
M'madera akum'mwera, amakonda kupatsidwa kubala ndi njere, kumangodzwaza panthaka. M'malo ozizira, zodula ndi zodula ndizodziwika kwambiri.
Kudula
Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu April, pamene kuchira masamba ayamba kukula. Amadulidwa mosamala ndi chidutswa cha rhizome.
Zofunika! Kuti chitsamba kapena phula silidwala, magawo amayamwa mankhwala phulusa.
Njira zake zimayikidwa mumphika wokhala ndi peat ndi miyala ya miyala (3: 1) ndipo imakutidwa ndi filimu ya pulasitiki, yomwe imachotsedwa mutazika mizu. Mbande zimasinthidwa kukhala maluwa pamalimwe a nyengo yotsatira.
Masamba a Astilbe
Kugawa chitsamba
Njirayi ndi yodziwika bwino komanso yovuta;
- kukumba chitsamba chosankhidwa kuswana mchaka;
- dulani masamba onse;
- yogawanika, kotero kuti impso za 3-5 zimakhalabe pamtundu uliwonse;
- Chotsani mpweya wakufa.
Zina za chitsamba zimabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo pabedi la maluwa pamtunda wa 30 cm kuchokera kwa wina. Ngakhale kuti mizu yake ndi mizu, mizu yake imamwetsedwa kwambiri.
Ngati mungagawe tchire kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, pofika Ogasiti mungasangalale ndi nyenyezi zakuthambo.
Chisamaliro choyambirira
Chikhalidwe sichikhala ndi zofunika zapadera zaukadaulo waulimi. Kupalira ndi kulima kumachitika ndikofunikira.
Kuthirira
Chikhalidwe sichimalola chilala. Kuchita chisamaliro, astilbe imamwetsa madzi pafupipafupi, osadikirira kuti nthaka iume, apo ayi masamba adzaterera ndikupendekera pafupi ndi chitsamba, inflorescence igwa nthawi isanachitike.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Feteleza amafunika tchire mosalekeza. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimatengera nthawi yomera:
- mu April, nayitrogeni supplementation imachulukirachulukira;
- musanayambe maluwa, onjezani mlingo wa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.
Astilba imalabadira feteleza wopanga pang'onopang'ono yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka pokumba.
Pa maluwa
Zomera zimafunikira kuthirira. Imachitika nthawi ziwiri patsiku: m'mawa komanso dzuwa lisanalowe. Izi zimathandizira pakupanga koyenera kwama inflorescence.
Tcherani khutu! Pakati pa Julayi, onjezerani feteleza wina, mutenga potaziyamu nitrate pamlingo wa 2 tbsp. pa 10 l madzi.
Panthawi yopuma
Nyenyeziyo ikangotha, zouma zouma zimadulidwa. Valani chovala chapamwamba chomaliza, ndikuyambitsa chitsamba 20 g cha superphosphate.
Kukonzekera yozizira
Ngakhale kuzizira kozizira kwa perennials, pali chiopsezo cha kuzizira kwa impso zakukonzanso. Kuti zisungidwe, zimayambira zakufa zimadulidwa pansi muzu mu nthawi yophukira, nthaka pamwamba pa chitsamba imakutidwa ndi mulch wokutira ndi kutchinga.
Kukonzekera yozizira
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Kuongoletsa tizilombo tambiri sikumachitika - tizilombo sizimakwiyitsa chikhalidwecho. Ngati nematode kapena ma penni atawoneka pachitsamba, amachichotsa pamakina kapena mbewu zimafafanizidwa ndi Aktara, Karbafos. Nthaka imalimidwa ndi Fitoverm.
Astilbe safunikanso chithandizo chapadera. Matenda ake amaphatikizidwa ndikuphwanya mitundu yayikulu. Ndikokwanira kuzikhazikitsa, ndipo chitsamba chija chibwerera mwakale. Ngakhale matenda a astilbe amathanso kukweza tizilombo, ngati simumachotsa mu maluwa patapita nthawi.
Chikhalidwe ndichosavuta kukula, chosavuta kusamalira. Koma mapangidwe a astilba amaposa zoyembekezera zonse.
