Liana thunbergia (thunbergia) m'zaka zaposachedwa adayamba kutchuka pakati pa olima maluwa ndi maluwa. Anthu ambiri amakonda kulima zikhalidwe zazitali m'minda yawo ndi nyumba zawo. Amabzyala pamalo owoneka bwino, otungira kapena maluwa, kukongoletsa makonde ndi ma verandas. Popeza kusankhidwa kwa mbewu zotere ndizochepa, tunbergia imabwera chifukwa cha zipatso zake zowala komanso zachilendo.
Zambiri za Tunbergia
Duwa la Tunbergia ndi woimira bwino wa banja la acanthus. Ziwimbazi ndi kwawo ku madera otentha a Africa, South Asia ndi Madagascar. Ponseponse, pafupifupi mitundu 200 ya chitsamba imadziwika. Mtengowu udatchedwa dzina lake polemekeza Katswiri wazachilengedwe waku Sweden Karl Thunberg, yemwe adaphunzira maluwa ku South Africa ndi Japan.
Tunbergia pakupanga mawonekedwe
Makhalidwe ndi kufotokozera kwa mbewu
Thunbergia imatha kukhala osatha kapena pachaka. Itha kukhala mpesa wokula mpaka 10 metres kapena chitsamba mpaka 8 mita kutalika. Masamba amakhala ndi khungu loziziritsa kukhosi, m'mphepete mwa khosi komanso mawonekedwe owoneka ndi mtima. Masamba otumphuka amafika mainchesi 4, woboola pakati.
Zambiri! Chifukwa cha kudera lamdima ku Europe, duwa limatchedwa Black Suzanne.
Gulu la Tunbergia
Mitundu yonse yazomera zam'munda zodyedwa m'magulu angapo.
Thunbergia winged (Thunbergia alata)
Woyimira Africa ku banja wokhala ndi zimayambira zazifupi. Maluwa amatha kukhala oyera ndi malo ofiira pakatikati kapena lalanje okhala ndi papo wofiirira. Masamba ndi okhazikika, pansi pansi.
Thunbergia grandiflora (Thunbergia grandiflora)
Maluwa a Grassy okhala ndi masamba owundana kwambiri. Masamba ndi amtambo wowala ndi oyera pachimake, asonkhane ang'onoang'ono inflorescence.
Thunbergia onunkhira (Thunbergia onunkhira)
Chomera chobiriwira nthawi zonse ku Australia ndi Southeast Asia. Liana amatha kukula mpaka 6 metres. Masamba okhala ndi mazira ali ndi mlozo. Masamba oyera amafika masentimita 5 ndipo amakula mmodzi ndi mmodzi.
Thunbergia Battiscombe (Thunbergia battiscombei)
Duwa limakhala ndi masamba ambiri, ndi mpesa wosatha. Mphukira zamtambo zimamera pachitsamba payekha.
Zosangalatsa! Thunbergia imatha kutulutsa bwino kapena mu inflorescence ndipo imakhala ndi mthunzi uliwonse: yoyera, yabuluu, yofiirira, lalanje, yamtambo.
Zosiyanasiyana pakufuna kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa
Kulima kwa Tunbergia komwe kumachitika kunyumba, kuli mitundu yambiri.
Black eyed suzanne
Mitundu yomwe imakula msanga imatchuka chifukwa cha maluwa ambiri komanso maluwa ambiri. Masamba ake ndi achikasu ndi pakati wakuda. Suzanne itha kubzalidwa m'munda komanso m'mphika ngati chomera chakunyumba.
Suzanne wamaso akuda amakonda kwambiri anthu osamalira maluwa
Suzy Series
Oyimira pamtunduwu amatha kutalika mpaka mamita awiri ndipo amasiyana wina ndi mnzake mu utoto wa masamba. Amatha kukhala lalanje, nsomba, zoyera, zofiira.
Gregor
Imatha kukula mpaka 3 metres. Mukadzala m'mundamo ndi osatha. Masamba ndi ovoid kapena owoneka pamtima. Masamba ndi lalanje.
Tcherani khutu! Gregor amadziwika ndi kukana kwambiri chisanu poyerekeza ndi oimira ena amtunduwu. Amakhala bwino pakutentha mpaka -5 ℃.
Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yomwe yaperekedwa, ma tunbergias otsatirawa ndi otchuka ndi wamaluwa:
- Minstrel;
- African Sunset;
- Nyenyezi Yadzuwa Lamu;
- Superstar Orange;
- Thunbergia Kukhazikitsa Bicolor.
Mmera ndi mmera
Kukhazikitsa mbewu za mbande ndikofunikira kumapeto kwa dzinja. Zabwino koposa zonse mu February. Mutha kubzala mbewu kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa Marichi mpaka Meyi. Koma pambuyo pake zibzalidwe, pomwe tchire lidzachulukira.
Kubzala zinthu kumathandizidwa makamaka ndi zokupatsani mphamvu. Kumera mbewu ndikofunikira pampukutu wothira m'madzi. Mpaka mizu itawonekera, mbande zimayikidwa mchidebe ndi chivindikiro cholimba. Kusakaniza kwapadera kumakonzekera njere. Muli ndi humus, dothi lamasamba ndi mchenga.
Zambiri! Kutentha m'chipindacho kumakhala kosachepera +20 ℃ kuti mbewu zimere.
Nthawi yonseyi yamera, mbande zimafunika chisamaliro choyenera. Amamwe madzi nthawi zonse, ndipo ngati ndi kotheka, mumadyetsedwa. Ndikofunika kuti musamachulukitse ndi feteleza, chifukwa izi zimathanso kutulutsa maluwa. Kuti mbande zimve bwino, khalani osankha. Yambitsani kukulitsa kwa mphukira yotsogola ndikukhomerera pamwamba pa mphukira.
Thunbergia wobzalidwa mbande
Zolemba zosabzala mmera panthaka
Kubzala tunbergia kuchokera ku nthangala panthaka popanda mbande si ntchito yovuta. Ndikofunikira kupereka zikhalidwe zambiri kuti chomera chizika mizu: kutentha, kuyatsa, mtundu wa nthaka ndi kuchuluka kwa umuna.
Thunbergia yomwe imakula kuchokera pambewu mpaka malo otseguka pokhapokha nthaka ikuwotha bwino. Mukachita izi m'mbuyomu, ndiye kuti palibe mbewu. Zikumera zoyambirira zikangokhazikitsidwa, amapatsidwa chisamaliro chokwanira. Pa magawo oyambilira a chitukuko, duwa limakutidwa ndi mtsuko wagalasi kuti apange zotsatira za greenhouse.
Kodi ndingakule mumphika
Popeza tunbergia ndi chomera chokongoletsera, chitha kubzala popanda mavuto mumphika, wobzala kapena chidebe. Chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi gawo lapadera ndipo mmera wozikika umayikidwamo. Ndiye kuthirira pafupipafupi ndi kuvala pamwamba kumaperekedwa. Ndikofunika kuyika mphikawo pamalo abwino.
Zolemba zam'munda
Kuti mulime mpesa m'munda, muyenera kum'patsa zinthu zoyenera. Thunbergia ndi chomera chachikulu kwambiri. Amakulitsidwa m'malo owonekera dzuwa nthawi yayitali.
Muyenera kudziwa! Kunyumba, sikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mphika wamaluwa pawindo loyang'ana mbali yakumpoto ya nyumbayo. Duwa limafunikira dzuwa.
Mitundu yambiri yazomera samalekerera kutentha pang'ono - pamenepa, amasiya maluwa.
Kuthirira ndi mulching
Zomera zimakonda kuthirira pang'ono. Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse. Kuti tisunge chinyezi, mizu imakutidwa ndi mulch.
Kumasulira ndi kuvala pamwamba
Feteleza wophatikizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa tunbergia. Poti mizu yake imalandira chakudya mokwanira, dothi limamasulidwa nthawi zonse. Fesani mbewuyo nthawi yonse yomwe mukukula.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Pa dormancy, duwa silikhala feteleza.
Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani
Thunbergia limamasula kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa nyengo yophukira. Mphukira zam'mera zimachotsedwa, chifukwa mbewu zimatha kupanga, zomwe zimachotsa mphamvu ya mbewu. Pa nthawi ya maluwa, malamulo osamalira mpesa sasinthidwa.
Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa
Pomaliza nthawi ya maluwa, mbewu zimapangidwa mu masamba. Amasonkhanitsidwa, amauma ndikuisunga m'bokosi.
Zindikirani! Mbewu sizikutaya kumera kwazaka zingapo.
Kenako mbewuyo imakonzekera nthawi yachisanu. Maluwa pachaka amayenera kuchotsedwa. Ngati chomeracho chakula mumphika, chimadulidwa kuti masamba anayi akhalebe panthambi. Chidebe chokhala ndi mpesa chimasinthidwa kupita kumalo otentha. M'nyumba, duwa limasungidwa mpaka masika. Sungani chinyontho.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula
Mukabzala komanso kusamalira tumberria, mavuto akhoza kuchitika. Ngakhale mbewuyo ndi yochotseka, imatha kuzimiririka ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Ndi chinyezi chambiri, duwa limakonda kuthana ndi fungal matenda. Poterepa, chitsamba chimathandizidwa ndi fungicides ndikuwonjezeranso umuna.
Mwa tizirombo ta maluwa, nthata za akangaude, scutellum ndi whitefly ndizowopsa. Kuti muthane nawo, chitsamba chimathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ngati njira yothanirana.
Spider mite - imodzi mwa tizirombo ta tunbergia
Komanso, popanda chisamaliro chosayenera, mavuto otsatirawa akhoza kuchitika:
- kuchepa kwamaluwa ndi dzuwa;
- masamba owola ndi kuthirira pafupipafupi;
- ndi malo owirira, mphukira amatambasuka, ndipo masamba ake amaphuka.
Maonekedwe a mavutowa ndi chizindikiro choti achitepo kanthu kuti athetse msanga. Thunbergia ndi mbewu yowala komanso yachilendo yomwe idzakhale chokongoletsera chenicheni cha nyumba kapena dimba. Maluwa ndiosavuta kumera ndikuwasamalira, ngakhale woyambitsa amatha kuzichita.
