Atmospheric mpakaandsia ndi mbewu yopanda mizu. Duwa losakhala lachilendo lomwe silisowa mphika chifukwa lili ndi mizu yofiyira. Tillandsia ndiyosasamala mu chisamaliro, mawonekedwe ake ndi osazolowereka komanso oyambira kotero kuti amakopa aliyense wokonda maluwa.
Zikuwoneka ngati banja liti
Atmospheric mpakaandsia (mpakaandsia sepdema) ndi udzu, udzu wobiriwira wokhala ndi mizu ya mlengalenga womwe sufuna nthaka. Mitundu ina ya mizu ilibe konse, mmalo mwake pali tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi zibowo zomwe duwa limamatirira kuthandizi. Maonekedwe a masamba ndi maluwa, komanso mtundu wawo, zimasiyana malinga ndi mitundu yake. Chimodzi mwa mbewuzo ndi kupezeka kwa mamba pamasamba omwe duwa limasonkhanitsa chinyezi, chifukwa limalandira chakudya.
Atmospheric mpakaandsia
Kuphatikiza pa zokongoletsera, mmera umagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zithunzi zapa wallpaper ndi ma CD. Masamba achichepere amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya monga masamba.
Zambiri! Tillandsia ndi wa banja la Bromiel ndipo ali ndi mitundu yoposa mazana asanu.
Mwachidule za mbiri yakuwonekera
Dera mpakaandsia linaperekedwa kwa mbewuyo ndi Karl Linney, wasayansi wazachikhalidwe zaku Sweden komanso wachilengedwe. Maluwa adatchedwa Elias Tillands, katswiri wazomera waku Finland. Tillands anavutika ndi "mantha a madzi," ndipo Karl Linnaeus molakwika amakhulupirira kuti masikelo omwe amaphimba masamba a chomeracho amuteteza kumadzi ndipo, kuyerekeza mfundo ziwirizi, kunapatsa maluwa dzina lake.
Kwawo kwa chomera
Pansi pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe, mpakaandsia imamera m'malo otentha a South America, Argentina ndi Chile, komwe kumakhala chinyezi chambiri. Malo okhala mwachilengedwe: gawo lam'mwamba kwambiri la nkhalango yamvula yokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso mthunzi wochokera ku dzuwa.
Duwa lachilengedwe
Zomwe zimasamalilidwa mpaka panyumba yam'mlengalenga yaandandsia
Mosiyana ndi mbewu zina zakunja, aandaraia atandsia amakula bwino panyumba ngati atakhala pamalo abwino. Nthawi zonse pamakhala malo aandandsia mkatikati, ndipo mawonekedwe achilendo sangatope ndi kusangalatsa.
Kutentha
Ngakhale kuti duwa limachokera ku malo otentha ndipo limakonda kutentha, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge kutentha mchipindacho pa 20-25 ℃ pamwamba pa ziro, sililekerera kutentha. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo imafunikira kupatsa nthawi yotsika ndikuchepetsa kutentha mpaka 15-17 ℃, ndikusiyirani pawindo lowoneka bwino.
Kuwala
Kuunikira kwa Tillandsia kumafunika kukasokonekera, kuwala kwadzuwa kolunjika kumatha kuwononga mbewu. Malo abwino kukhalapo adzakhala mawindo akumadzulo ndi kum'mawa, kotero kuti dzuwa limagwera chomera. M'nyengo yozizira, kuwonjezera kukonza magulu owunikira. Masana masana a chomera akuyenera kukhala osachepera maola 13.
Kuwala kuyenera kusinthika
Kuthirira
Kuthirira chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mizu ndi mphika motero sikufunika, koma ngati mbewuyo ilibe chinyezi mchipindacho ndipo masamba ake adayamba kukulungika mkati, chitani izi:
- Tulutsani mizu mosamala kuchokera pansi.
- Thirani madzi mu beseni kapena chidebe china. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito kusungunuka kapena madzi amvula, koma ngati palibe, tengani madzi apampopi otentha firiji.
- Ikani airy tillandsia mumtsuko ndi kupita kwa maola 1-2 kuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi chinyezi.
- Chotsani pelvis, kukhetsa ndi kubwerera kumalo okhazikika.
Njira yofotokozedwayo ikulimbikitsidwa kuti izichitika pafupipafupi, kawiri pamwezi pamwezi pachilimwe. Pa matalala, ndibwino kuti musakhudze mbewu, pokhapokha ngati kupopera kumera. Kusamalira mlengalenga ku Tillandsia kunyumba kumaphatikizapo kuwongolera mwamphamvu chinyezi chamkati.
Duwa losamba
Kuwaza
Spray ndi njira yovomerezeka tsiku lililonse. Chomera chimalandira michere kokha kudzera m'madzi omwe amagwera pamasamba ake ndi zimayambira, kotero njira yotsanulira uyenera kuchitidwa tsiku lililonse, komanso nyengo yotentha - nthawi ziwiri, m'mawa ndi madzulo, kudyetsa mbewu ndikuwonjezera chinyezi.
Zofunika! Pakupopera, peduncle iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi filimu kuti chinyontho chisalowe, apo ayi pamakhala mwayi kuti duwa limafa lisanafike pachimake.
Chinyezi
Chizindikiro chofunikira chokhala bwino ku Tillands Airborne Root ndi chinyezi cha mpweya. Iyenera kukhala pamwamba pa 70%. Kuti muzisamalira, gwiritsani ntchito mpweya wapadera wofinya, ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti chitsime chamadzi chimayikidwa pafupi ndi chomeracho ndipo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika. M'nyengo yozizira, otenthetsa amakwiriridwa ndi thaulo lonyowa. Kuti apange microclimate yoyenera, ma florariums amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nkhokwe yamadzi kapena chitha.
Dothi
Tillandsia yopanda mizu komanso dothi silimera. Kunyumba, chomeracho chimayikidwa pachiyimira maluwa, thandizo la waya, chidutswa cha khungwa, snag kapena mwala. Makamaka a epiphytes, mapangidwe apadera amagulitsidwa: matabwa a sawn, chipolopolo, miyala yokongoletsera.
Tcherani khutu! Osagwiritsa ntchito utoto wokutira ndi utoto kapena varnish, wovomerezeka ndi njira yapadera yothandizira.
Mapangidwe apadera a mbewu
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Gwiritsani feteleza omwe mulibe nayitrogeni, boron, mkuwa, zinc - ali ndi poizoni. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe sikuloledwa. Kudyetsa maluwa a orchid ndi bromilium ndikwabwino. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito feteleza womaliza, muchepetseni mankhwalawa nthawi 4.
Zambiri! Pa matalala, feteleza sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumamenyedwa m'madzi kuti kuthirira, komwe kumayikidwa mwachindunji ku malo ogulitsa mpakaandsia ndikuwazidwa ndi masamba ndi mitengo ikuluikulu. Chitani ndendende nthawi 1 m'miyezi 1.5.
Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani
Atmospheric mpakaandsia pachimake kamodzi wazaka 2-3, pambuyo pake amayamba kuchulukana, akumasiya mphukira, atapereka mphamvu zake zonse, amafa.
Mitundu ya maluwa
Tillandsia limamasula zachilendo komanso zokongola. Choyamba, imatulutsa khutu lomwe pamapeto pake limatseguka kenako. Kukula kwake ndi mtundu wa maluwa zimatengera maluwa osiyanasiyana.
Maluwa odabwitsa a tillandsia
Maonekedwe a maluwa
Makutu amaluwa amaphukira umodzi, pomwe masamba amadzala samang'ambika, chifukwa amawoneka okongola komanso okongoletsa.
Nthawi ya maluwa
Nthawi yonse ya maluwa ikhoza kukhala miyezi ingapo. Munthawi yamaluwa, muyenera kuyang'anira chinyezi ndi momwe masamba amathandizira, muzichita kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa nthawi zonse kuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira kubzala.
Muyenera kudziwa! Zomera limodzi ndi chithandizo zimatsitsidwa nthawi zonse m'madzi, chifukwa chake ndibwino kusankha nthawi yomweyo zinthu zodalirika, zomwe sizithandiza msanga chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.
Kudulira
Mapangidwe a duwa ndi kudulira sikofunikira chomera. Masamba owuma okha kapena owonongeka, masamba ndi maluwa zimachotsedwa.
Momwe zimaswana
Pambuyo maluwa, mpaka mlengalenga mpaka ana amasangalatsa ana. Ndi thandizo lawo, mbewuyo imafalikira. Ana samalidwa kuchokera ku tsinde la amayi awo kukula kwawo kukafika masentimita 5. Mphukira imadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, malowo ndi owazidwa ufa wamakala (gwiritsani ntchito phulusa la nkhuni ndi makala oyambitsa). Mphukira imakanikizidwa motsutsana ndi thandizo lomwe lidakonzedweratu.
Kusamalira kwina, komanso chomera chachikulire: kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kuvala, kusamba. Malinga ndi malongosoledwe, mwana amathandizira mwachangu kuthandiziro ngati mutayika ulusi wa moss-sphagnum kapena coconut pansi pake. Ku tillandsia, ana 5-8 amakula, kotero ndikosavuta kufalitsa maluwa, ngakhale kunyumba.
Kufalitsa kwamaluwa ndi ana
Thirani
Mphamvu zam'mlengalenga za chomera ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zikalekana ndi chithandizo, zimasweka ndikuwonongeka. Kuyika duwa ndikuthandizira lina ndikosakhala koyenera, popeza mukayika chozizwitsa chapadera pamalo osatha, muyenera kulingalira pasadakhale ngati maziko okongola, olimba komanso omasuka a tillandsia.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula
Musaiwale kuti duwa limachokera kumalo otentha ndipo likufunika chisamaliro, chisamaliro ndi kupangidwa kwa nyengo yabwino ya microclimatic. Tsoka ilo, kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndizoletsedwa. Maluwa samalekerera zomwe zimayambitsa ziphe ndikufa. Bwino kupewa matenda kuposa kuchiza.
Tizilombo
Nthawi zambiri nkhono ndi kangaude Menyani nawo ndikusamba chitsamba nthawi zonse komanso mokwanira. Muzovuta kwambiri, n`zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la sopo.
Siliva wa Tillandsia
Mwa matenda, tsamba lamasamba ndilofala kwambiri. Pakadali pano, masamba aang'ono owonekera amawonekera pamasamba, omwe pamapeto pake amasanduka bulauni, pang'onopang'ono ndikugwira chomera. Mtundu wodwala watayidwa.
Mavuto ena
Mukakulitsa maluwa achinsinsi achilendo, mavuto ena angabuke, mwachitsanzo:
- mpakaandsia sikhala pachimake - mwina mbewuyo ilibe kutentha kapena kuwala kokwanira ndipo imangofunika kusamutsira pawindo lina;
- masamba amapindika kukhala ozungulira ndipo malangizo awo auma - palibe chinyezi chokwanira, dongosolo la kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa limayenera kusinthidwa;
- masamba amakhala ofewa - mbewuyo ndi yozizira, muyenera kuwonjezera kutentha m'chipindacho;
- palibe njira za mwana wamkazi - nthambi ikusowa chakudya; pamafunika kuthira manyowa.
Tillandsia ntchentche
Mitundu yamaluwa
Mwa mitundu yambiri yamlengalenga mpakaandsia, mitundu yotsatirayi imasinthidwa kuti ipulumuke kunyumba:
- Silvery. Rosetteyo ndiwotakata, masamba ndi oonda, ngati ulusi, maluwa ndi ang'ono-abuluu. Analandira dzina lachiwonetsero pamasamba omwe amawala ndi siliva pakuwala.
- Mutu wa jellyfish. Masamba ndi otumphuka, wokutidwa kwambiri, ngati ma tent tent. Maluwa ake ndi pinki owala bwino ndi masamba amtambo wabuluu, osalala.
- Ntchentche woboola pakati. Palibe mizu konse, masamba ndi ochepa ndi nsonga zakuthwa, masamba adakutidwa ndi oyera oyera fluff pamwamba. Maluwa ndi ang'ono, nondescript, achikaso.
- Tillandsia ndi maluwa ofiirira. Chimawoneka ngati matanthwe. Ma Rosette ndi ochepa kukula, mpaka 5 cm, masamba ndi oonda, omata, masamba ndi a buluu, ndipo masamba obiriwira nthawi yanthawi kutembenukira pinki nthawi yamaluwa.
Tillandsia xerography
- Boya. Masamba ndi otambalala pansi ndi nsonga zopota zooneka ngati utoto wamaroberi, zophatikizika komanso zophatikizika. Duwa lake limakhala lofiirira pakati komanso penti wofiirira.
- Tillandsia calyx (Tillandsia juncea). Masamba amawoneka ngati mabango ndipo amatengedwa mu socket. Duwa ndi penti wofiirira.
- Tillandsia bulbose (Tillandsia bulbosa). Masamba ndi owonda, aatali, opatsa. Zomera zikatulutsa, masamba apamwamba amasanduka ofiira, ndipo duwa limayamba kukhala lavenda.
- Tillandsia xerography ndiye mtundu waukulu kwambiri. Imakula mpaka 1 mita kukwera. Masamba ndi siliva, opindika kumapeto. Zimakhala zokongola kwambiri pakamasamba: Masamba mabulangeti ndi oyera pinki, mabulangeti obiriwira ndi obiriwira achikasu, ndipo duwa lokha ndi lofiirira.
Zodabwitsa zakuthambo za Tillandsia ndi kukongola kwake komanso mphamvu zake. Mitundu imasiyana pakati pawo momwe mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa masamba, kukula, mithunzi. Pogula mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana, mutha kupanga zosakanikirana zakunja popanda kuwononga manja anu pansi. Ndiosavuta kusamalira mbewu, chikhalidwe chachikulu ndi chinyezi chachikulu komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa nthawi zonse.
