Koufea - kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera komanso kunyumba

Koufea ndi chitsamba chobiriwira chomwe chimaphuka m'miyezi yotentha. Amatembenukira ku banja la a Derbennikov. Dzikoli ndi la South ndi Central America.

Kufotokozera kwa Duwa la Kafei

Duwa la cafe lidachokera ku liwu Lachi Greek "kyphos", lotanthauza "wopindika, wopindika." Dzinali lidawonekera chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a mbewu. Duwa ndilabwino kwambiri kulimidwa mkati komanso madera akutali. Imakhala ndi masamba ambiri opindika, ndipo m'mphepete mwa nsonga mumawonetsedwa. Shrub kapena chomera chachikulu chimafikira mita imodzi. Imakhala ndi maluwa ataliitali, ofanana ndi ndere. Utoto wautoto ndi wosiyanasiyana. Mitundu iyi imakhala yovuta kwambiri.

Kafea m'munda

Nthawi ya maluwa

Nthawi yamaluwa ya kufei ndi yayitali - kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembara. Mitundu ina, nyengo yachisanu imadutsa chisanu. M'madera akumwera, ma khofi omwe amalimbana ndi chisanu amatha kulekerera chisanu mpaka -12 ℃.

Chomera chamaluwa

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khofi

Zomera zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri. M'pofunika kuganizira mitundu yotchuka:

• Isopolistic Café (Cuphea hyssopifolia). Chitsamba chobiriwira chofika 50 cm. Ili ndi masamba ambiri amtundu wobiriwira wakuda. Maluwa amakhala ndi masamba ochepa. Makongoletsedwe opangira tiyi wamaluwa ndi lilac, pinki, oyera. Shrub ndiyabwino kukongoletsa kwa bonsai.
• Fiery Red Cafe (Cuphea ignea). Ili ndi msuzi wa shrub. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 40. Mawonekedwe ake amasamba ozungulira, obiriwira amdima. Maluwa ndi akulu, osakwatiwa. Kafea woyaka ndi wofiyira.
• Microbaked Kafei (Cuphea micropetala). Zomera zimakula mpaka 40 cm. Masamba ndi ochepa, ochepa. Maluwa ndi ochepa, amawoneka akamakula. Amakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu, wapinki.
• Lanceolate Café (Cuphea lanceolate). Imatha kutalika masentimita 90. Masamba ndiwobiliwira. Maluwa akulu a utoto wakuya wa lilac. Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa Julayi.
• Pale Cafe (Cuphea pale). Chitsamba cham pachaka. Imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wakuda wobiriwira. Amasiyana m'maluwa ang'onoang'ono amtundu wofiira. Chimakula mpaka matalala.
• Tsegulani Café (Cuphea procumbens). Chitsamba chimakula mpaka 40 cm. Zimayambira ndi nthambi. Zotengera zake ndi zakuda, zobiriwira zakuda. Maluwa amachitika pakati pa chilimwe. Maluwa ndi ofiirira komanso achikuda.

Kubzala kafei poyera komanso kotsekedwa

Kubzala ndi kusamalira kutchire sikovuta. Mitunduyi imamera ngati chomera pachaka. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo popanga mawonekedwe (m'mbale, mapoto). Koufey amakonda kutentha ndi nthaka, zokhala ndi mchere, michere yabwino, komanso acidity yochepa.

Kubzala Kuffey poyera

Nthaka yoyenera kulimidwa ikhoza kukonzedwa palokha, chifukwa izi zimaphatikizapo:

• humus;
• nthaka yamaluwa;
• mchenga wolimba kapena wamchenga.

Kuwala ndi kutentha

Bzalani mbeu pamalo otentha. Ngati kulibe kuwala kokwanira, tchire silingaphutse. Musalole kuwonetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, izi zitha kupangitsa kuti duwa liume. Zolimitsa nyumba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika poto pamalo.

Momwe mungabzalire

Asanadzalemo, amakonza malowo powonjezera humus kapena phulusa. Sakanizani dothi ndi feteleza. Bzalani mbewuyo muzitsime zosaphika. Mtunda pakati pa tchire uyenera kukhala 20 cm, ndipo pakati pa mizere - osachepera 30 cm.

Cafeteria amasamalira kunyumba ndi m'munda

Kusamalira nyumba ya Kafei ndi gawo lofunikira pakukula. Kuti mupeze chomera chokongola komanso chopanda thanzi, muyenera kutsatira malamulo oyang'anira chisamaliro.

Kuthirira

Kutsirira kumachitika nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Masiku awiri aliwonse, duwa limathirira madzi, kuti lisawume. Masamba amafafaniza ndi utsi. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, pafupipafupi madzi othirira amachepetsa.

Feteleza

Asanadzalemo, manyowa amawonjezedwa kuzitsime. Kumayambiriro kwa maluwa, feteleza amakhazikikanso. Kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yachisanu, amadyetsedwa ndi zinthu zolimbitsa. Nthawi zonse ndizofunikira - njira yabwino kwambiri yodyetsera imakhala kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse.

Kudulira

Kupanga tchire kuffey kuwoneka bwino komanso kokhazikika, makonzedwe ofunikira amafunikira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsina nsonga za mphukira zokulira. Mawonekedwe a Isopolistic amasiyanitsidwa ndi nthambi, yomwe imapereka mawonekedwe achilendo kwa korona.

Thirani

Zomera ndikuziika chaka ndi chaka. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani duwa mumphika. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyang'ana mizu kuti aliyense akhale wotetezeka komanso wopanda mawu.

Kusamalira matalala

Nthawi yotsalira ndiyofunikira kuti kufee pakhale maluwa ambiri kuti abwezeretse mphamvu (kuyambira Novembala mpaka March). Munthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo imasungidwa m'chipinda chocheperako ndipo imathilira masiku 10 aliwonse.

Chisamaliro ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri paukadaulo waulimi

Njira zolerera

Café imafalitsidwa m'njira zingapo:

• kumera kwa mbeu;
• mizu yodula;
• kuyikapo mpweya;
• kugawa chitsamba.

Kumera kwa mbeu

Njira sichigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Mbewu ya mbewuyi ndi yaying'ono ndipo imamera bwino. Komabe, njira yotereyi ilipo. Kuti ikwaniritse, mbewu zake zimayikidwa panthaka ndikuthinikidwa pang'ono. Osamagona kuchokera kumtunda, koma kuphimba ndi filimu, ndikupanga kutulutsa kwanyengo. Kutentha kuyenera kukhala osachepera +22 ℃. Zikatulutsa, filimuyo imachotsedwa ndikukhala m'malo osavuta.

Mizu yodula

Njira yodziwika kwambiri. Mu April, odulidwa a 15 cm amatadulidwa kuchokera ku mphukira.Gawo la zodulirazo limachiritsidwa ndi chowonjezera ndikubzala mu dothi lonyowa pansi pa botolo la pulasitiki mpaka masamba atakula. Botolo limachotsedwa kuthirira ndikuwongoletsa mbewu. Pambuyo pake, ndikusintha ndikuchita.

Fotokozerani maluwa makamaka ndi kudula.

Kufalitsa mwa kuyala

Njira yosavuta yobereka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yotentha. Choyamba, kutalika kwa kuthekera kwamtsogolo kumayesedwa pa mphukira. Kenako amadula tsinde. Amachichitira ndi chopukusira pakukula kwa mizu. Popewa kuti mtengowo usakodwe, mwala kapena chidutswa cha filimu chimayikidwa mkati. Kukulani phesi ndi zojambulazo. Pamapeto pake, zikumera zimasokonekera mumphika wokonzedwa ndi dothi.

Kugawa chitsamba

Njira yosavuta komanso yosavuta. Kukula mbewu panthaka. Dulani mphukira mpaka 10 cm. Pambuyo pa izi, nthambi yomwe ili ndi tsinde labwino imadulidwa kuchitsamba, ndikuwathandizira ndi fangayi. Mizu yodzipatula imabzalidwa m'nthaka yonyowa.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Kofeya amalekerera bwino matenda. Kuwopsa kwa mbewu nkhupakupa. Amapanga ukonde pamasamba ndi zimayambira. Mankhwala, chitsamba chimatsukidwa ndi sopo solution; chifukwa chodalirika, mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zowonongeka zazikulu pamera zimayambitsidwa ndi nkhanambo. Amasiya madontho a bulauni pamasamba. Mutha kuchotsa ndi sopo yankho, kutsuka masamba ndi burashi mbali zonse. Ndikofunika kuwachitira ndi mankhwala othandizira tizilombo.

Tizirombo pa masamba osatha

Koufea pakupanga

Koufey amawoneka wokongola pakupanga. Adzakongoletsa ngodya iliyonse ya nyumbayo, dimba kapena khonde. Mabasi amaphatikizidwa bwino kwambiri ndi mbewu zapachaka. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa khofi, amabzala pakati, ndikuphatikizidwa ndi mitundu ina pambali. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapereka maluwa osasangalatsa komanso owala.