- Mtundu: conifers
- Nthawi Y maluwa: Meyi, Juni
- Kutalika: 30-35m
- Mtundu: wobiriwira
- Osayamba
- Nyengo
- Wamanyazi
- Chilala chosagwira
Malo obiriwira kumidzi - mpweya wabwino, ndi zokongoletsera zachilengedwe, ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri pomanga mawonekedwe. Pafupifupi m'malo alionse otentha a Russia, anthu okhala m'nkhalango zoterera amazika mizu, pomwe mitengo ya Khrisimasi yotseka ndi singano zowala, zonenepa. Sichinsinsi kuti fungo la utomoni ndilothandiza kwa anthu ndi zomera, chifukwa aliyense amene amasamala zaumoyo wake ayenera kubzala zipatso. Tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane momwe tingakhalire ndi spruce ndikuigwiritsa ntchito kukongoletsa munda.
Mtengo wolumikizira mitengo
Poyamba, tikukupemphani kuti muwone kanema - mutha kupeza mayankho a mafunso anu mmenemo:
Poyamba, mitundu yonse ya spruce ndiyabwino kwambiri popanga mawonekedwe am'deralo, chifukwa chake posankha kubzala, muyenera kulabadira mitundu ya coniferous.
Chifukwa cha korona wokongola wokongola, mawonekedwe ake omwe amatha kusintha malingana ndi zolinga, mitengo yayitali ndi yotsika ndikugwiritsira ntchito bwino bwino kupanga monga:
- rockeries;
- mipanda;
- Pamutu
- osakwatira ndi gulu.
Kuphatikiza kwa ma conifers otsika okhala ndi korona zopangidwa bwino, miyala ndi zokongoletsera kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe ndizoyenera kukongoletsa gawoli mwanjira zonse komanso zachilengedwe, chifukwa chake rockeries yokhala ndi spruce monga chinthu chofunikira ndiyotchuka kwambiri.
Momwe mungapangire kubzala m'magulu awiri mwa zokongoletsera m'munda wamaluwa: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/dekorativnye-xvojniki.html
Rockeries akadali abwino chifukwa amafuna ndalama zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi zokongola kwambiri: pafupifupi mbewu zonse zimatha kulimidwa ndi manja anu, ndipo miyala ikhoza kupezeka molunjika kudera la dacha, lomwe limachokera ku banki ya mtsinje kapena kuchokera kumalire
Mpanda wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba ndi gawo labwino kwambiri loteteza lomwe lingabzalidwe mozungulira mzere wozungulira kapena pakati pa magawo awiri osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito. Mitengo italiitali, yobzalidwa pang'ono idzasinthiratu mpandawo, ndipo mitengo yaying'ono yokongoletsera idzakongoletsa malowa ndikupanga chilengedwe.
Zomera zina zimakhala bwino ngati ma hedges. Zambiri apa: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/rasteniya-dlya-zhivoj-izgorodi.html
Pakadali pano, ang'ono, koma oyandikana, mitengo yobzalidwa imakhala ndi zokongoletsera osati chida chogwira - imalekanitsa madera ena kudera lonselo
Pokhala ndi mtengo wawung'ono wa Khrisimasi mdziko muno, mutha kuyeseza zaluso zapausito - pangani chithunzi, mawonekedwe kapena chinthu china chophweka cha mawonekedwe atatu kuchokera korona wokongola wa spruce. Nayi imodzi mwazinthu za conifers ndizothandiza - kukula pang'onopang'ono (3-5 masentimita pachaka).
Ndibwino kuyamba kumvetsetsa zoyambira zokhala ndi zovuta pang'onopang'ono - kiyibodi, piramidi kapena mpira, kenako ndikusunthira kusinthidwe kovuta, mwachitsanzo, kuzungulira
Potengera kumbuyo kwa njerwa ndi nyumba zamatabwa ndi mipanda, magulu amipanda yamipanda yamitengo yamitengo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana samawoneka wokongola, ndipo mtengo wamtali wa Khrisimasi ukhoza kukhala malo osangalalira kapena maziko abwino a gazebo (benchi, zokongoletsera zamunda).
Ambiri ambiri adabzala mafuta kuti akondwerere Chaka Chatsopano ndi Khrisimasi mwachilengedwe. Tchuthi chomwe chimakhala mumlengalenga chimakhala chosangalatsa komanso chosangalatsa kuposa phwando labanja, ndipo njira yokongoletsera mtengo ndi miyala ndi zoseweretsa ndi mwambo wamatsenga womwe ana amakumbukira kwa moyo wawo wonse
Njira zopezera kapena kufalitsa spruce
Ngati mwasankha spruce monga imodzi mwazomera zokongoletsa tsamba lanu komanso kusankha zina, muyenera kuganizira komwe mukazipeza. Njira yosavuta ndiyo kugula mmera wokonzekereratu, koma ambiri samayang'ana njira zosavuta ndikuyesa kubzala mitengo okha, kuyambira nthangala kapena nthambi. Pali ena omwe amaganiza zolimba kwambiri ndi zolimba kwambiri zomwe zimatengedwa m'chilengedwe, ndiye kuti, zomwe zakumbidwa m'nkhalango.
Ganizirani maganizidwe amodzi mwa njirazi ndikuwona mwatsatanetsatane mawonekedwe a kubala zipatso kwa spruce.
Kugula mmera ku nazale
Ngati muli ndi projekiti yokonzedwa yopangidwa kale, ndipo owerengeka ochepa akusowa kuti akwaniritse, mutha kugula mbewu mwachangu mu nazale. Izi zimathandizanso ngati mukufuna mitundu yosowa, yachilendo yomwe ili yovuta kapena yayitali kukula nokha.
Mbande zolimba, monga mbewu zina, zimagulitsidwa mumiphika yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kutengera kukula kwa mbewu. Kubzala mtengo wa Khrisimasi muthaka, muyenera kupulumutsa kwathunthu mtanda wa "nthaka yakunyumba", kotero mtengowo udzuzika bwino komanso mwachangu.
Mukamasankha spruce mu nazale, funsani katswiri pazinthu zazikulu zokulira, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi kukula kwa mtengo wachikulire, kuuma kwake nyengo yachisanu ndi kupirira, nyengo zowunikira, boma la ulimi wothirira, ndi zina zambiri.
Mukamagula mmera, yang'anirani zovuta zake, zomwe ndizosavuta kudziwa ndi izi:
- singano watsopano, wonyezimira, wosagawika pang'ono;
- mphukira zofatsa zokulira pa nsonga za nthambi;
- zachilengedwe, zopanda mawonekedwe a nthambi ndi thunthu;
- singano sizikhudzidwa ndi chingwe cha dzimbiri kapena chovala;
- ndi kupsinjika pang'ono, nthambi zigwada, koma osathyoledwa.
Poto yocheperako imawonetsa kuti zipatsozo zinapangidwa kuti zigulitsidwe ndikuphwanya mizu yake.
Kukula mitengo kwa njere
Ngati muli ndi nthawi yokwanira kulima, mutha kuyamba kukulira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya spruce kuchokera ku mbewu. Zabwino kwambiri ndi zolengedwa zakomweko. Nthawi yakucha ya ma cone imadalira nyengo, koma kuswana ndikofunikira kukolola kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.
Zingwe zimasungidwa m'malo abwino, owuma, otetezedwa ku mphepo komanso dzuwa. Pafupifupi miyezi 2 mpaka 2,5 musanafesere, mbewu zimatengedwa (zimatchedwanso mtedza) ndikuzilimbitsa kuti zikuze kumera
Kuti akonze mbande, nthambizo zimasungidwa kwa maola 24 m'madzi oyera, ndikatha kuwira kwa theka la ola mu njira yofooka (0.5%) ya manganese. Kenako kumizidwa mumtsuko wodzaza ndi mchenga wonyowa, ndikusungidwa mpaka kufesa kuzizira - matalala kapena firiji.
Kubzala kumachitika mkati mwa Epulo, ndipo ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito wowonjezera kutentha ndi utuchi pamenepa. Dothi louma lakutidwa ndi dothi loonda (1.5-2 cm) la utuchi, njere zimayikidwamo, ndikuwazidwa ndi dothi lomwelo la nyemba pamwamba - amapanga zinthu zomwe zili pafupi ndi zachilengedwe, koma omasuka pakukula
Mukasankha kubzala mbewu panthaka, muyenera kukonzekera zina. Itha kukhala chingwe cha mitengo yoteteza kumphepo yamkuntho, ndi utoto wa thonje.
Mu Ogasiti, mtundu wamtundu umachotsedwa, m'malo mwake pobisalira pamakhala masamba owuma. Mabokosi nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa malo otseguka, koma malo omwe akukula amakhalabe chomwecho.
Pambuyo 2, osachepera patatha zaka zitatu, mbande zimabzalidwa m'nthaka ndikukhazikika kwa masentimita 40-50. Musanabzike, mizu yayitali kwambiri kapena yowonongeka iyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo mizu yotsalayo iyenera kuyikidwa mu solution yapa humus kwakanthawi
Njira yofunikira kwambiri yosamalirira idzafunika: dothi lonyowa pang'ono (pakutentha - kuthirira kowonjezera) ndi kudya kwa 3 nthawi yachilimwe. Monga feteleza, mullein kapena 0,1 peresenti yothetsera wa hydropone wothiriridwa ndi madzi ndi yoyenera.
Njira yokomera imatenga zaka zina 3-4. Nthawi yonseyi amafunika kuti amasulidwe, kuthiridwa feteleza, kuthiriridwa pafupifupi nthawi 1 pa sabata. Kuvala kovomerezeka kumachitika mchaka, kusanayambike kutupa. Mafuta osakanikirana a michere ndi oyenera:
- manyowa - 450-500 g;
- potaziyamu nitrate - 10-15 g;
- superphosphate - 25-30 g.
Chilichonse chimasakanikirana bwino, ndikugawira dothi mozungulira mbande, ndikukumba mosamala (8-10 cm) ndikuthiriridwa kuti feteleza umalowe mu dothi.
Mu zaka 6-7, mudzalandira mitengo ya Khrisimasi, yokonzekera kubzala m'malo okhazikika. Iwo, monga mwachizolowezi, amabzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, osungira mizu yazomera
Momwe mungalitsire mtengo wa Khrisimasi kuchokera ku nthambi (zodulidwa)
Pofalitsa zokongoletsera zamtundu, zodula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthambi zodulidwa kumayambiriro kasupe (mu Epulo) zimatha kuzika mizu mchaka chomwecho, chaka chotsatira chokha. Anthu ambiri amakonda kulumikizana ndi Ogasiti, pomwe mphukira zimamaliza kukula ndikuyamba kupatsa ulemu, komabe, pali njira yachisanu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwa ma conifers onse, kuphatikizapo mitengo yamkungumi.
Tikukufotokozerani gulu la akatswiri pa nyengo yozizira yodula zipatso za spruce, yomwe imakhala yozika mizu m'mizere ndi mwayi wina wobzala mu nthaka. Pogwiritsa ntchito kuweta shears kapena satateurs, dulani chiwerengero chokwanira cha nthambi zammbali. Kuchokera kumapeto kwa kudula, "chidendene" - chidutswa cha nkhuni za chaka chatha ziyenera kusungidwa. "Chidendene" chachikulu chidzayenera kudulidwa kuti nkhuni zisazolowere.
Timadula singano kuchokera kumunsi pafupi ndi "chidendene" ndi mpeni, chifukwa sizofunikira ndipo zingasokoneze kukula kwa mizu yamtsogolo
Mitundu yambiri ya coniferous imachita bwino popanda zowonjezera zina, komabe, spruce ndizopindulitsa pankhaniyi ndipo zimafuna, makamaka nyengo yozizira, malingaliro apadera.
Nthambi zachitidwa zimayikiridwa mu chotengera, theka lodzazidwa ndi yankho la Epin (4-6 imatsikira pa 200 ml ya madzi), ndikuyigwira kwa maola 12-14
Zomwe zimasungidwa zodulidwa ndi moss sphagnum, zomwe zimatenga chinyezi mwangwiro.
Pomwe odula akupeza mphamvu mu yankho la Epin, timawakonzera "malaya" oteteza - lowira sphagnum m'madzi oyera
Timatenga filimuyo ndikuyiyika ndi nthiti pa tebulo. Timagawa sphagnum yodzaza ndi chinyezi tepi - itenga gawo la gawo lapansi pakukula kudulira kwa spruce.
Timayika zodula pamakonzedwe motere: choyamba, ndikani nthambi iliyonse mu ufa wosonkhezera (mwachitsanzo, "Kornevin"), kenako ndikuyika gawo lakumunsi pa riboni ndi moss
Timapinda filimuyo pakati kuti mizu imakanikizidwa kutsutsana ndi sphagnum ndikukulungidwa mu filimu, ndipo nsonga za zodulidwazo ndi zaulere.
Tikugulitsani filimuyo ndi timadulidwe tomwe timayikidwa bwino bwino kukhala mpukutu kuti ukhale wonenepa mokwanira, koma osakhala pafupi kuti mizu ipangidwe
Zotsatira zake zinali maluwa achilendo - mwanjira iyi, zodula zouma zamtunduwu zimasungidwa mpaka kubzala kwa masika m'nthaka. Kuti filimuyo isavutike, iyenera kumangirizidwa ndi twine kapena kukoka ndi gulu la zotanuka.
Malo osungirako zodula azikhala owala bwino komanso ozizira - pantry kapena khonde. Ngati pa dacha pali mawindo amatabwa okhala ndi mafelemu awiri, zodulidwazo zitha kuyikidwa pakati pa magalasi kapena kuyimitsidwa kumbali, ndikutchinjiriza ku dzuwa
Zodulidwa yozizira ndi zabwino chifukwa mizu yaying'ono ili kale kale ndi nthawi ya masika masika.
M'mwezi wa Epulo, nthambi zokhazikika zitha kubzalidwa m'mundamo - osati pamalo okhazikika, koma mumphika kapena m'bokosi la kukula. Yabwino - yoyatsa bwino, komanso mpweya wabwino
Pakatha zaka ziwiri, mbande zimayamba kumera ndikukula, ndiye kuti ndizotheka kuwabzala panthaka, pamalo okhazikika.
Kupititsa Mtengo Wamitengo
Kampeni ya spruce m'nkhalango itha bwino ngati mukukumbukira malamulo ochepa osavuta:
- kukumba mtengo m'dzinja kapena masika, pomwe nthaka ndi yofewa komanso yonyowa;
- ngati mukulitsa spruce m'chilimwe, yesani kupulumutsa dothi lambiri;
- pakuyika, kopanda yosaposa 1 m ndiyabwino, 1.5m; kukula kwa mtengo, kutalikitsa mizu yake komanso kukulitsa mwayi womwe ungawawononge;
- mitengo yazipatso yowala kwambiri ndi yolimba imamera m'mbali mwa nkhalango, panja, kutali ndi nkhokwe zowuma.
Ndikofunikira kukumba spruce. Kuzungulira thunthu, kukumbani bwalo lozungulira ndi mulifupi wofanana ndi bwalo wopangidwa ndi nthambi zotsika kwambiri. Kuzama kwa poyambira kuli pafupifupi theka la mita. Chotsani mtengowo mosamala ndi dothi, kuti nthaka isakhale pamizu. Valani chidutswa chofunda, ndikulunga ndikusintha phukusi loyendera. Tengani zidebe zingapo za dothi "lachilengedwe" kuti mtengo wa Khrisimasi ukazike msanga munthawi zatsopano.
Musaiwale za lingaliro limodzi lofunika - musanakumbire, onetsetsani kuti mwayika mbali za dziko lapansi, kumpoto ndi kumwera panthambi kuti mubzale mtengo, poyang'ana kwambiri
Kodi kubzala spruce?
Mtengo womwe unakumbidwa m'nkhalangomo ndipo mbande zodulidwa uli ndi malamulo obzala. Pali magawo awiri pomwe spruce bwino imakhala mizu - chiyambi cha kasupe ndi mochedwa yophukira (isanayambike nyengo yozizira). Mitundu ina, mwachitsanzo, spruce wabuluu, ndikofunikira kubzalidwe mchaka, musanaganize zobzala chomera, onjezani za kubzala kwa mitundu yomwe mudagula.
Sankhani malo omwe ali oyenera kwambiri kukula kwa ma conifers - owala ndi dzuwa kapena pang'ono pang'ono. Samalirani ngalande pasadakhale, chifukwa mitengo ya spruce yomwe imamera m'malo opezeka madambo silikula bwino ndipo simataya masingano. Malo abwino oti mudzaliridwepo ndi chigamba chadzuwa ndi madzi osachepera pansi komanso nthaka yabwino yokhala ndi chonde.
Mitengo ya mitengo yamkati yocheperako imakhala ndi maluwa okongola mkati mwamaluwa ndi m'miyala yamiyala, pamiyala yoyenda bwino ndi yamapiri
Dongosolo lodzala idadya izi:
- Timakumba dzenje lakuya masentimita 50-60, mulifupi mwake masentimita 60 pamtunda komanso 30-35 masentimita m'munsi.
- Timakonza zotungira kuchokera kuzitsamba 20 za mchenga wosakaniza ndi miyala (kapena miyala).
- Kuchokera panthaka, mchenga, peat ndi humus (m'malo ofanana) timakonza dothi losakanikirana. Onjezerani kwa iye 100-150 g nitroammofoski.
- Pang'ono pang'ono dzazani dzenje ndi dothi losakaniza, limbikitsani.
- Tikuyika muzu wamabowo m'dzenje.
- Timadzaza mipando yopanda kanthu ndi dothi lotsalira, ndikuikonza.
Timagwira peat mulching mozungulira khosi, lomwe lili pamlingo wa nthaka. Kuphatikiza kwa peat kumasangalatsa mizu ndikusunga chinyezi.
Wood kapena peat mulching ndi wokongola kuchokera pamawonekedwe okongola, kuphatikiza apo, kuphatikiza zinthu monga khungwa la oak kupita kumtunda kumalepheretsa mawonekedwe a namsongole
Kuphatikiza pa kubzala, chisamaliro cha spruce ndikofunikanso, motero, tikambirana malamulo odulira, kuthirira ndi kuwateteza ku matenda.
Zinthu za kuswana kwanyumba
Kuthirira spruce ndikofunikira malinga ndi nyengo yomwe mukukula, zaka komanso kukula kwake, koma mulimonse, nthaka yozungulira mtengo uyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono. Izi zitha kufufuzidwa ndikufinya pansi padzanja lanu. Ngati igwera padera, nthawi yothirira yafika. Iyenera kuthiridwe madzi pang'onopang'ono, ndikugawa madzi mozungulira muzu wonse. Madzi ambiri amamwa zipatso zamitengo iwiri ndi malita 10 kamodzi pa sabata.
Mbande zazing'ono zimafuna regimen yapadera - kangapo patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, chifukwa mizu yake imakhala pansi ndipo imaphwa msanga. Kuphatikiza pa kuthirira, musaiwale za kupopera, pambuyo pake sponsce imayamba kuwonekera padzuwa ndi singano yoyera.
Ngati simumakhala mdziko muno nthawi zonse, sankhani mitundu yolimbana ndi chilala, mwachitsanzo, spruce ya buluu, kuti mubzale. M'nyengo yotentha, ndikokwanira kuthirira kamodzi kamodzi ndi theka mpaka masabata awiri
Ngakhale spruce ndi ya mitengo yomwe imakula pang'onopang'ono, nthawi ndi nthawi imafunika kudulira. Kudulira kofewa kumachitika kamodzi pachaka, kumayambiriro kwamasika, mpaka mphukira zatsopano zimayamba kukula. Amatchulidwanso kuti ukhondo, chifukwa amachotsa nthambi zodwala kapena zowuma. Kuchepera kuwunika kumathandizira mtengo wonse - kuwala kwa dzuwa kumalowa kwambiri mkati mwa korona wowala.
Kudulira kokongoletsa, m'malo mwake, kumachitika pakati pa chilimwe, kutha kwa kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano. Nthawi zina pamwamba amaduladula ngati mtengo ukufunika kukula m'lifupi m'malo motalika.Ntchito imagwiridwa ndi chida chakuthwa, ndipo malo odulidwawo amawachira ndi njira yapadera - potaziyamu permanganate ndi var vars.
Kuti muchotse nthambi zouma, zouma pamanja ndi zogwirira ntchito, ntchito zodulira m'minda zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nthambi zazing'ono, ndipo lumo m'munda umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa tsitsi.
Nthawi zambiri mitengo yamipanda ndi ma coniferi ena amaopsezedwa ndi matenda. Ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus, omwe amatsogolera kukhetsa korona ngakhale kufa. Ndikofunikira kuthana nawo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana.
Choyamba, muyenera kuchotsa singano zowonongeka ndi nthambi zamatenda, kenako ndikwaniritse nthaka ndi Kornevin ndikuchiza mtengowo ndi Immunocytophyte, Amulet, Zircon kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe amawonjezera chitetezo chokwanira. Matenda ena, monga chinkhupule kapena muzu wowola, samachiritsidwa, chifukwa chake mtengowo uyenera kudulidwa, chitsa chake, ndi dothi loyandikana nalo mosamalitsa bwino ndi fungicides.
Momwe mungakulire utoto wabuluu, zambiri zimatha kupezeka apa: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/kak-vyrastit-golubuyu-el.html
Zizindikiro za matenda a Schütte ndizowoneka pamtanda wa mawanga ofiira, singano zachikasu komanso zong'ambika. Schute amathandizidwa ndi Skor, Strobi, Falcon, Quadrice, kuyambira Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe
Ndipo pamapeto - maupangiri ochepa kuchokera kwa akatswiri pankhani yosankha komanso kukula mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera.
