Astra ndi imodzi mwazomera zokongoletsera zamaluwa kapena bedi lamaluwa. Chikhalidwe ichi chili ndi njira zingapo zothandizira kubereka. Chofunika kwambiri pakati pawo ndikulima zipatso za mapiri kuchokera ku mbewu. Zimakuthandizani kuti mupeze mbande zatsopano zokhala ndi ntchito yochepa komanso nthawi.
Ubwino wa njira yambewu
Pali njira zingapo zoberekera asterine. Yotsika mtengo kwambiri komanso yosavuta ndiyo mbewu. Nthawi zambiri sizifunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi zida zowonjezera. Zomwe mukusowa zili mnyumba.
Pofesa mbewu ndi mbewu, mutha kupeza mbande zambiri. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, onse adzakhala okhazikika.
Nthawi yayitali
Tsiku lofesa mbewu limasiyana kutengera zisonyezo zambiri.
Ndi dera
M'madera omwe kumatentha kwambiri, aspine asper amayamba kufesedwa mchaka choyamba cha Meyi. Tsiku lomaliza la njirayi ndi pakati pa Juni. Madera akumpoto, chikhalidwe chofesedwa mu Marichi - koyambirira kwa Epulo. Mukamasankha tsiku, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kutalika kwa nyengo yolima ku Alpine asters kumasiyana masiku 80 mpaka 130.
Malinga ndi kalendala yoyendera mwezi
Malinga ndi kalendala yoyendera mwezi, masiku oyenera ofesa mbewu za zokolola mu 2019 ndi:
- Marichi 12-17, Marichi 19-20;
- Epulo 6-8, 11-13, 15-17, Epulo 29-30;
- Meyi 8-17, 21-23, 26-28;
- Juni 1-2, 5-6, 9-13, 16-20;
- Julayi 8-10;
- Novembala 6-8, 13-18, Novembala 24-25.
Ndikofunika kupewanso kubzala ma aster masiku otsatirawa:
- Marichi 21;
- Epulo 5, 19;
- Meyi 5, 19;
- 3-4, Juni 17;
- 2-3, Julayi 17;
- Novembara 12-13, Novembala 26-27.
Mitundu yotchuka ndi zithunzi
Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri yamapiri a alpine ndi:
- Albus
- Gloria
- Goliyati
- Rosea
- Ruber.
Kufesa mbewu
Aspine aspine aster nthawi zambiri amabereka ndi mbewu. Njira yofesa poyera imachitika malinga ndi algorithm otsatirawa:
- Mbewu zimayikidwamo m'miyala yopanda osachepera 4 cm.
- Zabzala zimathiridwa ndi madzi ofunda, osakhazikika ndikuphimbidwa ndi lapansi.
- Malowa ndi mbewu zobzalidwa adakutidwa ndi filimu yapulasitiki yowonekera, yomwe siyiyenera kuchotsedwa mpaka mphukira yoyamba iwonekera.
Njira yodzala mbewu zomwe zimakulitsa mbewu zimachitikanso kwambiri. Ndondomeko ili ndi izi:
- Sabata imodzi isanafesere, njere zimanyowa mu njira ya pinki ya potaziyamu, ndikumakulunga ndi tinthu tothira kuti zimere.
- Nyamula mbale, mabokosi kapena miphika yofesa.
- Zomera, konzani nthaka yachonde. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito dothi lamtunda, ndikofunikira kuithira ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
- Nthaka zosaya pansi zimapangidwa panthaka, pomwe njere zomwe zakwanira zimabisidwa.
- Mbewuyo imakonkhedwa ndi mchenga wosanjikiza theka la millimeter ndikunyowetsedwa ndi mfuti yofukizira.
Njira yodzala ndi njira yodalirika kwambiri yokulira zipatso za zipatso za mapira. Komabe, kukhazikitsidwa kwake kumatenga nthawi yambiri. Ubwino wakufalikira kwa mbewu ndi kusowa kwa kufunika kwa kuyanjana.
Pambuyo pakufika kosamalira
Mukabzala panthaka, ndikofunikira kuti mutetze filimu yoteteza pulasitiki mpaka mbande zitamera. Pomwe timapepala tambiri tokwanira 2-3 titapangidwa pamizimba, timitengo timafunika kuti tidulidwe kotero kuti kusiyana kwa 10-15 masentimita kumakhalabe pakati pa olimba ndi ambiri ophatikizidwa. Zomera zosafunikira sizitha kutayidwa. M'malo mwake, ndikwabwino kuwaika kumalo ena.
Atangofesa mbewu za aster pa mbande, malo obzala amakutidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi pamwamba ndikuyika m'chipinda chofunda, momwe kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala kosalekeza pa + 20 ... 22 ° ะก. Pambuyo pa masiku 3-6, mphukira yoyamba imapangika pamwamba pa nthaka, ndipo kutentha kumaloledwa kutsika mpaka + 16 ° C.
Pakakhala timapepala tokwana 3-4 pakabzala, tifunika kuthira pansi. Panthawi imeneyi, mbewuzo zimaloledwa kudulira pang'ono mizu kuti zimayambitsa nthambi ndipo mizu yake imakhala yolimba komanso yamphamvu. Mukamatola, gwiritsani ntchito nthaka yomweyo ngati mukubzala, koma mutha kuwonjezera phulusa pang'ono. Kuthirira mbewu ikuchitika mosamalitsa, nthaka ikawuma.
Kusamalitsa
Pambuyo pa masamba 4-5 owonekera pazomera, amakhala okonzeka kuziika kumalo osatha. Kwa aspine asters, malo owala bwino ndioyenera. Dothi liyenera kuthiridwa mokwanira. Chikhalidwe chimakumana molakwika pakuwonjezera chinyezi. Kusayenda kwamadzi kumatha kuwononga minda konse. Chomera sichofunikira kwenikweni pa acidity, koma chimakula bwino pamadothi owerengeka.
Alpine asters sayenera kukhala opanda malo amodzi kwa zaka zopitilira 3-4, chifukwa amayamba kukula mwachangu, zomwe zimakhudza kukwera kwamaluwa.
Masabata awiri asanagwere pansi, maimidwe amafunika kuwaumitsidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, muli ndi mbande zotuluka tsiku lililonse. Poyamba, kukhala kwawo mlengalenga kumakhala kochepa, koma tsiku lililonse kukuchulukirachulukira. Zomera ziyenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula.
Mukangomaliza kumuyika, adzafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda pamtunda wofunda. Njirayi imachitika moyenera usiku dzuwa likalowa. Madzi amathiridwa mosamala pansi pa muzu, kuyesera kuti asataye masamba ndi tsinde, kuti asayambitse kuyaka kwa zopsa.
Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, koma osadzaza.
M'chaka choyamba, mbewu zimafunikira kudyetsedwa moyenera. Kwa aspine asters, manyowa awiri a chilimwe azigwiritsa ntchito zokwanira. Pafupi kugwa, chikhalidwe chimayamba kukonzekera nthawi yozizira, ndipo panthawiyi, kuyambitsa kwa nayitrogeni kumatsutsana nawo. Mu nthawi yophukira, amaloledwa kuchita ntchito imodzi ya kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa.
Zomera zazikulu zimayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa potashi kapena kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa masika. Zinthu izi zimathandizira kuti maluwa azipanga nthawi yayitali. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, maluwa omwe asiya kutulutsa maluwa nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa. Ngati nthawi yophukira imakhala yotalika komanso yotentha, chikhalidwe chimatha kutulutsa. Kutatsala pang'ono kuti nyengo yozizira isanayambike, izi sizabwino, chifukwa muyenera kuchotsa maluwa pazomera zotere.
Nthawi zina asters ang'onoang'ono amatha kupanga maluwa odzaza pachaka choyamba cha moyo, pafupi ndi nthawi yophukira. Ndikofunikira kuzichotsa ndikudutsa gawo la bud. Ngati izi sizinachitike ndipo maluwa ataloledwa, ndiye kuti mbewuzo zidzavutika kwambiri chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira, ndipo chaka chamawa ayamba kuphuka.
Mbewu za alpine zimacha kumapeto kwa Julayi-August. Mbewu ziyenera kusungidwa kuchokera maluwa oyamba kwambiri.
Chikhalidwe sichimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, koma m'malo otetezeka, mbewu nthawi zina zimadwala matenda a ufa. Poterepa, muyenera kusamutsa aspine aster kupita kumalo ena dzuwa. Zitatha izi, ndikofunikira kuchitira kubzala ndikubala kwachilengedwe chilichonse. Nthawi zambiri, Fitosporin amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi.
Pambuyo pazaka zisanu zakula, muyenera kusamalira ndikuchotsa mbewu m'malo atsopano. Ndikofunika kuti muchepetse njirayo mpaka kugwa. Kubzala amachotsedwa padziko lapansi ndi chisamaliro, kusamala kuti asawononge mizu.
Isanayambike nyengo yachisanu, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthaka ichoke. M'malo mwake, wosanjikiza wa utuchi ndi mulch ziyenera kufalikira mozungulira mbewuzo. Ngati tsinde ndi masamba afota, azidulidwa kuti chaka chamawa asasokoneze mbewuyo kuti iyambenso kukula bwino. Chikhalidwechi chimalekerera kutentha pang'ono ndipo sichifunikira malo okhala owonjezera. Mutha kuwaza m'munsi mwa tchire ndi mchenga - izi zimalepheretsa impso kuziziritsa.
Kukula aspine asters kwa mbewu si ntchito yayikulu. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta komanso yodalirika yopezera mitundu yatsopano yazomera.
