Mlimi aliyense amayesetsa kubzala mbewu zabwino kwambiri pamalowo kuti azitha kukhala ndi mbewu yokhazikika komanso yabwino. Chimodzi mwazomera zomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi sensa wa Sensa (Consul). Koma kuti tisonkhanitse zipatso zokoma ndi zazikulu chaka chilichonse, ndikofunikira kudziwa zobisika za kukula zamtunduwu.
Mbiri yosankha
Senator wa Gooseberry, kapena monga amatchedwanso, Consul, ndi wotchuka pakati pa mitundu yakucha yakucha, yomwe idapezeka ku URII zipatso ndi masamba omwe amapanga masamba komanso mbatata zomwe zikukula ku Chelyabinsk. Pobereka, agogo anali nawo: Wobiriwira ndi Chelyabinsk wobiriwira. Wolemba chitukuko ndi V. S. Ilyin.
Gooseberry Senator - mitundu yosankhidwa ya kunyumba
Cholinga chopanga mitundu yatsopano ya jamu chinali kupeza chikhalidwe chopanda minga chomwe chingalepheretse kuzizira kwambiri komanso chinyezi. Zotsatira zake, mu 1995, Nyumba ya Senate idaphatikizidwa mu State Register of Breeding Achievement. Zinali ndi zokolola zambiri, zinkakhala zolimba kwambiri yozizira, komanso nthawi yomweyo zinalibe mpweya.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya senator imasankhidwa kumadera a West Siberian, Ural, Far Eastern ndi Volga-Vyatka.
Makhalidwe a Gooseberry Senator (Consul)
Gooseberry Senator amatanthauza nyengo yozizira-yolimba komanso yopanda masika
Zosiyanasiyana ndizazomera zolimba yozizira zomwe zimamera, zotuwa komanso tchire lamphamvu. Makhalidwe ake amaphatikizapo izi:
- Nthambi za chitsamba chokulirapo, chikhoza kusalala kapena kupindika pang'ono, zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Akuwombera wamkulu kuposa zaka ziwiri amakhala ndi tint brownish, nthawi zambiri m'munsi. Palibe pubescence.
- Spikes kulibe. Panthambi za pachaka zitha kupezeka kamodzi, makamaka kumunsi kwa chitsamba. M'chaka chachiwiri, prickle ikuchepa, mphukira zimasalala kwathunthu.
- Mtundu wa inflorescence ndi wamodzi kapena wamitundu iwiri. Maluwa amakhala amitundu iwiri, ofiira. Masamba ndi apinki muutoto, owonda mawonekedwe. Kutalika kuli pafupifupi.
- Masamba osalala, ang'ono kukula (mpaka 6 cm). Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a mtima. Pulani ndi masamba a 3-5, mtundu wosalala, pubescence wamfupi. Katundu wapakati ndi wokulirapo kuposa woyambalala, wapindika m'mphepete mwa ngodya yokhotakhota.
- Zipatso za senator ndizazungulira, zazikulu. Pakati kulemera kwa 6-8 g, khalani ndi mtundu wofiira wakuda. Palibe mbewu ayi. Amakhala ndi kutsekemera kosangalatsa komanso kowawasa. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kulawa, adavotera pa 4.9 point of 5.
- Impso zimakhala ndi kupendekera pang'ono m'mphepete, kakang'ono ka bulauni, kakang'ono kakang'ono. Kapangidwe kake ndikotupa, kupatuka pang'ono kuchokera kumunsi kwa mphukira.
Mitundu ya Senator imakhala ndi chonde chambiri (44.7%), kucha kwa zipatso kumayamba kumapeto kwa Julayi. Zaka zochepa zoyambirira mutabzala, mutha kusonkhanitsa mpaka 4 kg za chitsamba pachitsamba chimodzi, pambuyo pake kuchuluka kwa zipatso kumakula mpaka 7,8 kg.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa zosiyanasiyana
Zosiyanazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kupirira, kuzindikira komanso kuchuluka kwa zipatso.
Senate wa Gooseberry ali ndi zotsatirazi:
- kukana powdery mildew;
- konsekonse kugwiritsa ntchito;
- zokolola zambiri;
- pafupifupi zamkhutu zonse;
- kukana chilala ndi kutentha pang'ono;
- kukoma kwa zipatso;
- kukana kwa maluwa kumapeto kwa masika frosts.
Zoyipa:
- kuyendetsa bwino magalimoto (chifukwa cha khungu loonda la zipatso);
- kukana kwapakatikati pa septoria, mawanga ndi sawoneka.
Mawonekedwe obzala ndi kukula
Malamulo obzala gooseberries Senator ndi osavuta, ndipo ngakhale woyambitsa akhoza kuthana ndi ntchitoyi mosavuta. Mwambiri, chikhalidwechi chimawonedwa ngati chosafunikira, koma ngati simukuganizira za zinthu zingapo muukadaulo waulimi, ndiye kuti simungathe kusangalala ndi zokolola zambiri komanso kukoma kosaphatikizidwa kwa zipatso zabwino.
Kusankha kwampando
Kwa gooseberries, muyenera kusankha malo owala bwino omwe atetezedwe ku mphepo zamkuntho. Lolani kuti itetezedwe ndi nyumba zotsika kapena mbewu zina. Chachikulu ndikuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kugwere pachisamba momasuka.
Gooseberries amakonda malo dzuwa lopanda mphepo
Pewani madera omwe chinyezi chimayenda, apo ayi mizu imawola. Chizindikiro choyenera cha kupezeka pansi ndi 2 m. Senate wakhazikitsidwa bwino mu nthaka yachonde loamy nthaka. Optimum nthaka acidity - mpaka 5.5 pH. Dziko lapansi liyenera kupumulanso.
Gooseberries samalekerera nthaka, kuzizira komanso swampy. Ndipo dothi ndi dothi lamchenga sizimamuyenerera.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbewu m'malo omwe ma currants kapena rasipiberi ankakulitsa. Amasiya dothi lopanda chonde kwambiri lomwe ma jamu sangathe kukula bwino.
Kusankha Mmera
Mbande ziyenera kukhala ndi mizu yoyambira
Kusankha mmera wabwino wa jamu ndi nkhani yosavuta. Musanagule, yang'anani mizu mosamala, popeza kupambana kwachitsamba kumadalira kukula kwake. Mizu yambiri yofinya chinyezi ndi chitsimikizo chanu kuti mmera udzu udzamera bwino ndikukula msanga m'zaka zoyambirira mutabzala. Komanso, makina amayenera kukhala ndi njira zosachepera 3-5 zocheperako, osachepera 10 cm.
Mukapeza mmera wapachaka, ndiye kuti mphukira imodzi ndiyotheka. Koma pa shrub ya zaka ziwiri payenera kukhala nthambi zitatu za 2-3, zosachepera 30 cm.
Poyendetsa, mizu imanyowetsedwa mu choyankhulira chapadera (madzi, dongo ndi mullein, osakanizidwa chimodzimodzi), kenako wokutidwa ndi burlap. Izi zithandiza kuteteza chitsamba kuti chisaume.
Tsatane-tsatane malangizo amafikira
Senator wa Gooseberries anabzala mu kugwa (kumapeto kwa Seputembala - koyambirira kwa Okutobala). Njira yazikhalidwe ndi yamphamvu kwambiri. Poterepa, njira yayikulu kwambiri imakhala pafupi ndi chapakati pa chitsamba (mtunda wa 20-25 cm). Mu jamu yaying'ono, 80% ya mizu yonse ili m'nthaka mpaka 25 masentimita, ndipo pamtunda wobala zipatso - mpaka 45-65 masentimita. Kukula kwa dzenje lomwe likufunika kupangidwa kumadalira izi.
Kubala kumachitika pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono ndikuthira bwino.
Ntchito yodzala chitsamba imachitika motere:
- Choyamba, kukumba dzenje 60-70 masentimita ndi kuya kwa 45-50 cm. Mtunda wa 1.5 mita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake uyenera kuonedwa pakati pa tchire.
- Kenako muyenera kupanga umuna. 8-10 makilogalamu a manyowa owola, 2 makilogalamu a peat, phulusa lamatabwa (300 g) ndi miyala ya miyala (350 g) amayikidwa mu dzenje lirilonse. Peat izithandizira pakukulitsa nthaka yabwino.
- Siyani dzenjelo usiku kuti zinthu zonse zikhale ndi mphamvu. Pakadali pano, muyenera kuyambitsa kutsekeka kwa jamu mu njira yapadera. Amakonzedwa kuchokera ku potaziyamu humate (5 tbsp. L.) Ndi madzi (5 l.). Zinthuzo zimasakanizidwa mchidebe chachikulu, pomwe mizu yodzala imayikidwa tsiku limodzi. Njira imeneyi imathandizira kuti mbewu ipulumuke.
- Pambuyo pa nthawi yomwe mwayikapo, mutha kuyamba kubzala chitsamba. Mmera umayikidwa modzimira dzenje. Khosi la mizu liyenera kukhala lakuya masentimita 6-8.
- Kuwaza pamwamba ndi dothi komanso kompositi.
- Pomaliza, chitsamba chilichonse chimayenera kuthiriridwa ndi malita asanu a madzi.
Kanema: masinthidwe obzala zipatso za jamu
Kusamalira mbewu
Pamapeto pa kubzala zonse, muyenera kuyang'anira kusamalira wokhala watsopano m'mundamo. Kuti jamu azika mizu bwino ndikupereka zipatso zochuluka, muyenera kuthilira madzi, kuthira manyowa ndi kudulira mbewuzo.
Kusamalira moyenera ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mbewu yayikulu komanso yokoma
Hill
Senate wa Gooseberry amakonda nthaka yopumira "yopumira". Chifukwa chake, dothi lozungulira chitsamba limakumbidwa mpaka pakufika masentimita 12 mpaka 15. Nthawi yoyamba njirayi imachitika kumayambiriro kasupe, pomwe chivundikiro cha chisanu chatha. M'tsogolomu, hilling imachitika kamodzi pamwezi, kuyambira mwezi wa June mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi ya zipatso.
Kovala jamu
Senate wa Gooseberry amayankha bwino feteleza, akumabweretsa zipatso zokoma komanso zambiri za mabulosi. Njira yodyetsera imachitika molingana ndi chiwembu china. Feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito katatu pachaka:
- Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba chimachitidwa pa gawo la masamba. Mufunika yankho lokonzedwa kuchokera 1 tbsp. l urea, 2 tbsp. l nitrophosk kuchepetsedwa mu 10 l madzi. Chofunika pachitsamba chimodzi ndi malita 15-20.
- Gawo lotsatira la feteleza limagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira maluwa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera yankho la 2 tbsp. l sakanizani "Berry" ndi 1 tbsp. l potaziyamu sulfate, kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi. Chodziwika pachitsamba chimodzi ndi 25-30 malita a yankho.
- Chovala chachitatu chapamwamba chimayambitsidwa pamawonekedwe a mazira. Mufunika 1 tbsp. l nitrofoski, 2 tbsp. l potaziyamu humate, kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi. Nthawi zambiri pachitsamba chimodzi ndi 30 malita.
Kuthirira moyenera chomera
Kutsirira kumachitika nthawi 1 m'masabata awiri, chifukwa chikhalidwecho sichilola chinyezi mopitilira muyeso. Pa chitsamba chimodzi mudzafunika ndowa imodzi yamadzi. Ndikofunikira kuti musadumphe kuthirira nthawi ya Julayi mpaka August, pomwe jamu amabala zipatso nthawi yomweyo masamba amayikidwa kuti apange mbewu yamtsogolo.
Madzi amatulutsidwa kuchokera mu mpipi kapena kuthirira popanda chopopera mbewu pansi pa muzu wa chitsamba. Mosamala penyani kuti mtsinjewo sufalikira nthaka, makamaka zitsamba zazing'ono zosakhwima.
Nthawi yabwino yothirira ndi m'mawa kapena nthawi yamadzulo, chifukwa mwanjira imeneyi mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwotchedwa.
Ngakhale mtundu wa Senator ukhale m'malo opumira chilala, kutsirira pafupipafupi kumakupatsani mwayi wowongolera zipatso
Kudulira tchire
Kudulira koyenera tchire la bulosi kumathandiza kuwonjezera zokolola ndi zipatso, ndipo zimathandizanso kuti matenda azitha kuoneka.
Ndondomeko amachitidwa motere:
- Nthawi yoyamba kuti nthambi za mwana wofunda zikadulidwa mukadzala, ndikuchotsa 1/3 ya kutalika. Njira imeneyi imathandizira mbewu kuti imeretu mwachangu kwambiri.
- Kenako kudulira kumachitika kumayambiriro kasupe (mpaka masamba atatseguka). Chotsani mphukira zofowoka ndi zodwala.
- Pambuyo pake, wamaluwa amapanga nthawi zonse kudulira kwa chitsamba, kuchotsera pomwe amapanga nthambi zachikale, zopindika, komanso zomwe zimabweretsa kukula kwambiri ndipo samapereka zipatso zambiri.
Mphukira zimachotsedwa kwathunthu; hemp sayenera kusiyidwa.
Joseti wokonzedwa moyenera ayenera kukhala ndi nthambi zitatu zolimba za m'badwo uliwonse (mwachitsanzo, azaka 2, wazaka ziwiri, wazaka 2-3, wazaka zitatu, ndi zina). Zotsatira zake, padzatsala mphukira zopezeka 15-20 zomwe zingakusangalatseni ndi mbewu yokhazikika.
Kudulira kumalola tchire kupanga zipatso pa mphukira zamphamvu
Vidiyo: kudulira gooseberries mu kugwa
Ndemanga zamaluwa
Aliyense m'mabanja mwathu amakonda jamu, motero palibe zambiri zake. Pakadali pano, Beryl, wachikasu wa ku Russia, Kolobok, Consul, Krasnoslavyansky, Afimateate, Prunes, Grushenka wabzala. Botolo lobiriwira (ndimamutcha Kryzhik. Ira, zikomo kwambiri kwa iye) ndi ena osadziwika. Zonse zokoma, zopatsa zipatso, koma Grushenka anali wobala zipatso kwambiri kuposa ena onse, zipatsozo sizikulu, koma zinali zambiri!
Semenovna//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1690&start=360
Ndili ndi mitundu iwiri ya gooseberries opanda mapepala - Senator ndi Purezidenti. Koma ilibe minga pa nthambi zing'onozing'ono, koma pazakale zomwezo, ndizochepa.
Olga//dachniku-udachi.ru/kryizhovnik-bez-shipov.html
Amakhala pa nazale yakumaloko, koma sakulongosoleredwa, zipatsozo ndizazikulu kuposa zomwe zalengezedwazo, zamphamvu, zopatsa zipatso. Kukoma ndi pakati.
Elvir//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-427-p-5.html
Senate wa Gooseberry - chochita bwino ndi ntchito ya obereketsa, omwe adakhazikitsa cholinga chokhazikika komanso chosatengera kukula kwa chikhalidwe, chomwe chidzapatse zokolola zambiri. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zabwino zambiri ndipo zimafunikira kukonza pang'ono. Pa nthawi yomweyo, gooseberries a Senator ndi onse. Ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano komanso kukonzekera mitundu yonse ya jams, kusunga, ma compotes ndi zina zonse zabwino.
