Redcurrant, kuphatikizapo yayikulu-zipatso: Kufotokozera zamitundu mitundu, kulimidwa m'maderawo

Zomera zam'munda zomwe zalimidwa m'minda kuyambira kale zimakhala zamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha zipatso zake zambiri, zokhalitsa komanso zipatso zambiri. Makamaka ambiri ofiira ofiira amakhala ndi zokonda zosiyanasiyana zamaluwa.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya currant yofiira

Pansi pa zochitika zachilengedwe zachilengedwe, mpaka 20 subspecies of red currant amapezeka, omwe anali ngati maziko olimika mwa mitundu yazikhalidwe.

Zoyera ndi zoyera za pinki sizimaoneka padera, zimakhala zofiira zokha. Alibe kusiyana ndi njira yolerera ndi chisamaliro.

Makulidwe ofiira okhala ndi zipatso zazikulu

Posankha mitundu yatsopano pamalowo, wamaluwa azitsogolera zomwe akufuna ndi zosowa zawo. Chifukwa chake, ambiri adzalabadira kukula kwa chipatsocho, chifukwa zipatso zazikulu zimapangidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano.

Asora

Ntchito zakucha mochedwa za asayansi aku Russia, zikuyesedwa. Hazora amatha kukana kwambiri nyengo yozizira, komanso chitetezo chokwanira. Zipatso pachaka komanso zochuluka. Tchire lake ndilotsika, koma limamera.

Mitundu ya Asora imadziwika pakati pa ena chifukwa cha zipatso zake zazikulu zotsekemera.

Kulemera kwa currant imodzi yokoma ndi wowawasa ndi pafupifupi 1.3 g. Khungu limakhala loonda kwambiri, lopepuka mofiira. Mu maburashi, zipatso zonse nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana, zopindika pozungulira.

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• Hardy yozizira;
• kugonjetsedwa ndi powdery mildew ndi tizirombo;
• zipatso sizipunthika komanso sizikuwonongeka pakunyamula.

Alefa

Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa Chulkovskaya ndi Cascade mitundu yomwe idalandidwa ndi V.S. Ilyin, akuyesedwa. Tchire la alfa la kutalika kwapakatikati, kufalikira pakati komanso kumasuka, kumakhala mphukira zowongoka. Masamba amakhala ndi ma lobes asanu, a pakati-kakang'ono, wobiriwira wakuda bii. Pamaso pake pamasambalala, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, kumata m'mphepete. Unyinji wa okoma ndi wowawasa currants ukufika 1.5 g. Mu burashi, zipatso zonse zozungulira zokhala ndi khungu lofiyira khungu zimakhala zofanana.

Zipatso za alfa zimayesedwa moyenerera kukhala chimodzi mwazikulu kwambiri

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• Imalekerera nyengo yozizira, koma imawonongeka ndi chisanu;
• zokolola zambiri - kuchokera ku 1.8 kg / chitsamba;
• kufunika kochepa kowonjezera mungu;
• powdery mildew mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Baraba

Wophatikiza wa cultivars Smena ndi Krasnaya Andreichenko, wolemba V.N. Sorokopudova ndi M.G. Konovalova. Pakadali pano kuyesedwa. Tchire lalitali komanso lalitali, lopindika, lokhala ndi mphukira zowongoka yokutidwa ndi makungwa amaso. Zoyambira zazing'ono zimakhala ndi nsonga zobiriwira. Masamba ali ndi mikono itatu, pakati-kakang'ono, ndi matte, pang'ono makwinya.

Baraba wofiira currant ali ndi khungu lowoneka bwino kwambiri

Maburashi a Baraba amakula mpaka 7 cm, okhala ndi zipatso zazikuluzikulu ngati 1.5 g. Kapangidwe kakang'ono kwambiri ka zipatsozo ndi kofiira. Mitundu iyi imakhala ndi kukoma kwake ndi acidity yovomerezeka.

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• simalola chisanu ndi chilala;
• zochuluka pachaka - pafupifupi 2.7 kg / chitsamba;
• kukana otsika kwa anthracnose ndi septoria.

Mitundu yoyambirira ya currant yofiira

Zosiyanasiyana zamakolo zoyambirira zimayamikiridwa m'malo omwe amakhala ndi nyengo yachidule, yosinthika, komwe ma currant ofulumira samakhala ndi nthawi yakucha. Kukula kumafika pofika pakati pa Juni mpaka pakati pa Julayi.

Kutsekemera koyambirira

Mitundu ya haibridi Chulkovskaya ndi Laturnays, wolemba N.K. Smolyaninova ndi A.P. Nitochkina. Chalangizidwa kuti mubereke ku Central, Volga-Vyatka, Central Black Earth zigawo ku Eastern Siberia.

Lokoma koyambirira kumagwirizana kwathunthu ndi dzina lake: ali ndi zipatso zokoma kwambiri kuchokera ku mitundu yoyambirira

Tchire ndilotsika, lotayirira, pafupifupi osawola. Mphukira zatsopano zimakhala zobiriwira ndi fumbi lofiyira, kukula kwakale - imvi ndi tint ya brownish. Masamba amitundu iwiri: atatu- kapena asanu-lobed,-size. Masamba ake ndiwobiriwira bwino, osati owala, osavuta kupindika. Ma curators ndi wowawasa-wokoma, osati wamkulu - pafupifupi kulemera pafupifupi 0.6-0.9 g. Mu burashi, zipatsozo zimakhala zozungulira, zikuchepera kumutu. Kupatukana ndi mapesi kuyuma.

Wambiri

Wopanga wakale wosakanizidwa wakale wa Faye chonde ndi Horton Castle, wobereredwa ndi N.I. Pavlova. Woyang'ana ku North-West, Volga-Vyatka, Central Black Earth, Middle Volga zigawo ndi Urals.

Tchire ndi lalitali kwambiri, lamphamvu kwambiri, lalitali komanso lambiri. Mitengo ikuluikulu yamtengo wopindika imawerama kumtunda kokha, pomwe pali khungwa la pinki pamwamba. Masamba ali ndi mikono isanu, yobiriwira yakuda bii. Zipatso zosaposa 0,5 g ndi mbewu zazikulu. Kukomerako kumakhala kokoma ndi acidity yolimbitsa, yosangalatsa.

Wopatsa chidwi - imodzi mwakale kwambiri komanso yotchuka kwambiri ya currant yofiira

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• kuthekera kochepa kudzipukuta;
• zokolola zochepa za pafupifupi 3.5 kg / chitsamba;
• kwambiri chisanu kukana maluwa;
• kukana kugonjetsedwa ndi anthracnose, terry, komanso colonization a currant impso nthata.

Kuwala Kwakutsogolo

Zosiyanasiyana zazing'ono (zowerengedwa mu 2000) V.S. Ilyina ndi A.P. Gubenko, wochokera ku Faya chonde chifukwa cha kupukutidwa. Ural ndi Volga-Vyatka ndi madera komwe, malinga ndi State Record, kulima kwake ndikololedwa.

Tchire limakhala lalikulu kakulidwe, wandiweyani, mphukira zazing'ono limapinda pang'ono kumtunda, zomwe zimapangitsa chitsamba kuwoneka pang'ono. Masamba osalala ndi apakatikati, apakatikati. Pamaso pamasamba pamakhala masamba obiriwira, oterera pang'ono, osakhazikika.

Mitundu ya Ural Lights idapangidwa makamaka kuti ikulidwe mu nyengo yovuta.

Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zipatso zazikulu, zomwe zolemera zake ndi 0,5-1.0 g. Mu burashi wonse, ma currants ndi ofanana ndipo amakulunga mawonekedwe, ali ndi khungu lofiyira. Magetsi a Ural ali ndi mnofu wokoma kwambiri, wowawasa pang'ono pang'ono.

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• chosowa chochepa chakapukusira;
• zipatso zochuluka kwambiri - 6.4 makilogalamu / chitsamba;
• yozizira-Hardy;
• kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.

Yonker van Tets (Jonker van Tets)

Dutch hybrid yamitundu Faya ndi yachonde ndipo Msika wa London udayambikanso mu 1941. Chalangizidwa kuswana ku Central Black Earth, North-West, Volga-Vyatka zigawo.

Ma bus akumera mwachangu, opangidwa ndi mphukira zowoneka bwino kwambiri. Makungwa a mphukira wachichepere amakhala ndi mtundu wa pinki, wophukira wakale ndi wosinthika, wokhala ndi makungwa owala. Masamba a chikopa amapanga lobes zisanu, zazikulu, zobiriwira zakuda. Mbale imangika m'mphepete mwa mitsemayo ndipo imakwinya pang'ono. Kukula kwa currant kuli pang'ono kupitilira pafupifupi - kulemera kwa mabulosi ozungulira kapena pang'ono pang'onopang'ono pafupifupi 0.7 g. Khungu limakhala lonenepa, kukomedwa kwa zamkati kumadziwika kuti ndiwotsekemera.

Zipatso zosankhidwa ndi Dutch za Jonker van Tets zimakhala ndi khungu loonda kwambiri, kotero, kuti zipatso zisang'ambike, musagwiritse ntchito madzi okwanira

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• kwenikweni osakhudzidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana;
• mbewu pachaka, kuchuluka - 6.5 kg / chitsamba;
• thumba losunga mazira chifukwa cha maluwa oyamba amakhudzidwa ndi masika obwerera masika.

Pambuyo pake mitundu yofiira ya currant

Zipatso zakupsa zimasangalatsa kumapeto kwenikweni kwa nyengo - zipsepsa pomaliza pa Ogasiti 10.

Wachi Dutch

Mitundu yakale yomwe mbiriyakale kwambiri siyikudziwika. Malinga ndi State Record, kulima kwake kumaloledwa kumadera a Kumpoto, North-Western, Central, Volga-Vyatka, Middle Volga, Lower Volga, ku Western ndi Eastern Siberia.

Mabasi akukulira mwachangu, amakulidwe. Zoyerekeza zazing'ono ndizowongoka; Chingwe cha mphukira zopanda mtundu wa wobiriwira ndi fumbi la rasipiberi. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira amaphatikizidwa ndi ma loboti asanu, omwe pakati pake ndiwotalikirapo komanso akuthwa. Masamba osapindika, osalala, opindika.

Chimodzi mwazomera zakale kwambiri za CIS - Dutch red

Kulemera kwa zowonda kapena zothinikizidwa pang'ono kuchokera ku mitengo ya zipatso zofiira za ku Dutch zimayambira 0.6 mpaka 1.0 g. Kukoma ndi kwapakatikati, komwe kumawonekera acidity. Kulekanitsidwa kwa ma currants ku mapesi kuyuma.

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• sizifunikira mungu wochokera kunja;
• buku lochulukitsira mbewu - 4.6 kg / chitsamba;
• kukana kwambiri tizirombo ndi matenda;
• mbewu zazikulu mu zipatso zazing'ono.

Rosita (Rosetta)

M'malo ambiri otseguka, komanso m'malo osungirako ana, Rosita wofiira currant ali ndi dzina lachiwiri - Rosetta. Mitundu yosakanizidwa ya Red Cross ndi Minnesota. Mitunduyo imaloledwa ndi State Register kuti ikusama ku West Siberian kokha.

Bushy yayifupi, wandiweyani - amakula bwino. Makungwa ake ndi bulauni ndi tint yofiira. Masamba ndi obiriwira amtundu wakuda ndi masamba atatu osiyana. Masamba a leathery samakhala ndi pubescence. Ma currants ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yayitali kwambiri pakati pa kucha-kucha kwambiri - kulemera mpaka 1.7 g. Zipatso zokoma ndi wowawasa zimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe pafupifupi ovoid. Kutalika kwa burashi kumakhala pafupifupi 10 cm.

Rosetta akulimbikitsidwa kuti adzalimidwe kwa trellis.

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• pafupifupi kukana anthracnose ndi septoria;
• kulekerera chilala, kutentha ndi kutentha kwa dzinja;
• zokolola pachitsamba chimodzi ndi pafupifupi 2.8 kg.

Tatyana

Wophatikiza wa Kandalaksha ndi Victoria Red, wopezedwa ndi S.D. Elsakova ndi T.V. Romanova waku Dera la Kumpoto.

Mabasi a Tatyana akukula mwachangu, mosavuta. Imatenga mitengo yakuda, yosasunthika. Masamba okhala ndi masamba atatu ndi okulirapo kuposa wobiriwira, wobiriwira wobiriwira. Mabale a masamba ophikira amakhala kwambiri m'mphepete mwa mtsinje, concave m'mphepete.

Curaty zosiyanasiyana Tatyana amasiyana ndi ena mumdima wakuda, pafupifupi burgundy wa zipatso

Maburashi ali ndi ma currants a 10-12, omwe kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi 0.7 g. Mabulosi ndi ozungulira, onse kukula kwake, ali ndi khungu loyera. Kulawa zipatso zamitundu yambiri Tatiana ali ndi acidity yochepa kwambiri.

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• kusowa kochepa kwa oponyera mungu;
• hardness yozizira;
• zokolola pachaka, zokwera - 5 kg / chitsamba;
• pafupifupi osakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda;
• sizipanga zovunda.

Darling

Zotsatira zakudutsa mitundu ya Vishnevaya ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa wa Miraculous ndi wachiwiri wa Dutch ukuphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti mubadwe ku Central.

Tchuthi tating'ono, timatayala, tofowoka. Chingwe cha zaka zakubadwa zokhala ndi imvi, kutuluka malo. Masamba asanu amtundu wobiriwira wakuda ndipo ali ndi chikopa, matte, makoko pang'ono. Masamba masamba ndi osalala. Mapulogalamu apakatikati kukula - mpaka 0,8 g, kutalika konse kwa burashi yofanana. Masamba owaza ndi khungu lofowoka pang'ono, mkoma wowawasa.

Wokondedwa adakhala ndi dzina la zipatso zokhala ndi mbali imodzi zikulira m'manja

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• yozizira-Hardy;
• pafupifupi mbewu zimadzala ndi chonde chambiri;
• kukana otsika pakuwona maumboni osiyanasiyana.

Kukongola kwa ural

Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa Chulkovskaya ndi Faya ndiwachonde. Anadutsa mayeso ku zigawo za Ural ndi West Siberian.

Mabasi otsika kutalika pang'ono, kunenepa, koma kufalikira pang'ono. Mphukira zazing'ono zobiriwira zimapinda pang'ono kumtunda, osakhala ndi pubescence. Masamba ali ndi masamba asanu, akulu kwambiri ndi malo obiriwira obiriwira. Mbale zamasamba zimakhala zomata m'mphepete zapakati. Burashi nthawi zambiri sikhala ochepera 7 masentimita, koma lotayirira, koma lophatikiza ndi zipatso zazikuluzikulu chimodzimodzi. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa imodzi ndi 1.5 g. Kukoma kokoma kwa zipatso za kukongola kwa Ural kulibe ngakhale wowawasa pang'ono.

Zipatso za Ural zokongola zimadziwika chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• yozizira-Hardy;
• amatulutsa zokolola zambiri pachaka - 3.5-15,5 kg / chitsamba;
• chitetezo phukusi la powdery mildew, koma chiwopsezo cholowera koloni ndi fireworks ndi sawflies.

Mitundu yokoma

Red currant ndi mabulosi wowawasa wowawasa, omwe ochepa omwe amatha kudya "amoyo", ndiye kuti mwatsopano. Imodzi mwa njira zothandizira kuswana ndi kulima lokoma, mchere, mitundu.

Mtanda wofiyira

Wophatikiza wakale wakale waku America wa Cherry ndi White mphesa.

Kuvomerezedwa kuti mudzalimidwe malinga ndi State Rejista:

• Pakatikati;
• Volga-Vyatka;
• Middle Volga;
• Pansi Volga;
• Ural;
• Siberia Yakumadzulo ndi Kum'mawa.

Tchire lalitali kwambiri, pang'ono pang'ono, korona wosakhazikika. M nsonga za tinsalu tating'ono tofiirira. Masamba achikulidwe apakati amakhala ndi loboti zisanu komanso malo oterera, oterera. Pa mtsempha wapakati pang'ono mumapezeka. Lobe wapakati ndiwotakata, wokhala ndi chowoneka bwino. Kutalika kwa burashi sikupitirira 6 cm, kumangokhala ndi zipatso (kulemera pafupifupi 0,8 g). Ma curators ndi owonekera bwino, osyasyalidwa pamitengo. Kupatukana ndi mapesi kuyuma. Kukoma kwa Red Cross ndikotsekemera komanso wowawasa, kuyesedwa pamiyeso isanu ya 4.

Red Cross ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya kuswana yaku America, yomwe yadziwika ku mayiko ena.

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• safuna kuipitsa;
• zokolola zapakati - 2.7 kg / chitsamba;
• pafupifupi osagonjetsedwa;
• chitetezo chochepa kwa anthracnose;
• pamafunika nthaka yachonde.

Svetlana

Zotsatira zakudutsa Khibiny ndi Mwana Woyamba kubadwa, olimbikitsidwa kuti azilimidwa m'chigawo cha Kumpoto.

Zitsamba za sing'anga kukula ndi kufalikira pang'ono, koma korona wandiweyani. Masamba akulu, omata m'mphepete mwa mtsempha wamasamba asanu, wokhala ndi chikopa chowoneka bwino. Maburashi azipatso ataliitali, amatsitsidwa pang'ono ndi zipatso zazing'ono za 10-13. Kulemera kwakukulu pafupifupi 0,5 g. Khungu limakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira wofiyira. Svetlana amakoma ndi kukoma pang'ono. Zipatsozo zilibe fungo labwino.

Mitundu ya Svetlana, kuwonjezera pa kukoma kwambiri, ili ndi mwayi wina - zipatso zake sizigwa kuchokera panthambizo zacha

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• zolimba;
• sichimapanga scavenger;
• sizifunikira zowonjezera mungu;
• zokolola zambiri - 5.5 kg / chitsamba;
• chitetezo chamatenda komanso tizirombo.

Mitundu yatsopano

Mwa zina, ntchito yobereketsa mitundu yatsopano imapangidwanso kuti mupeze mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri. Kukaniza matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toononga kumachulukitsidwa modabwitsa, kukula kwa zipatso ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu zikukula. Komanso osazindikira kukula kwa mbewuyo zimapangidwa.

Ilyinka

Mitundu yakucha yakucha, zotsatira za kupukutidwa kwaulere kwa Yonker van Tets. Adapangira kuti ikalimbe ku Western Siberia.

Mabasi a kutalika kwapakatikati, pafupifupi osawonongeka, wandiweyani. Unwoody amawombera wosavala ndi khungwa lowoneka bwino. Masamba akulu obiriwira obiriwira amaphatikizidwa ndi masamba asanu achikopa, owala. Tsamba lamasamba limakhala ndi m'mphepete m'mitsempha, pansi. Tsamba lamkati mwa tsamba limakhala lalitali kwambiri kuposa lofunikira. Maburashi ndi ochepa, pafupifupi 5 cm, koma ndi akulu (mpaka 1.6 g) zipatso zofiirira zakuda zamtundu wowawasa.

Mitundu Ilyinka idaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa State Register kokha mu 2017

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• yozizira-Hardy;
• chodzala, chothandiza kwambiri - 5 kg / chitsamba;
• chitetezo chokwanira kwa tizirombo ndi matenda.

Asya

Mid-msimu wosakanizidwa wa Chulkovskaya ndi Maarses Kuwonekera. Madera omwe akukula malinga ndi State Record: Western Siberia ndi Far East.

Tchire ndizitali kutalika, m'malo otayirira, koma lopangidwa ndi mphukira zowongoka. Achinyamata amawombera wobiriwira ndi utsi wofiyira. Masamba a malovu akulu asanu amtundu wakuda wobiriwira, wokhala ndi nsonga zoloza. Masamba ali ndi makwinya pang'ono. Maburashi akuluakulu - mpaka 11 cm. Ma currants ndi akulu kakulidwe, ozungulira, okhala ndi khungu lofiira. Chimakoma kukoma ndi wowawasa.

Asya cultivar, woyesedwa mu 2013, ali ndi maburashi amtali wautali wokhala ndi zipatso zabwino kwambiri.

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• yozizira-Hardy;
• pachaka amabweretsa mbewu - 2.5-3.8 kg / chitsamba;
• atengeke ndi ufa wofinya ndi wowona.

Wopanga Marmalade

Mitundu yosachedwa kucha-yophatikiza, yopezeka ku mitundu ya Rote Špetlese ndi Maarses Prominent, yomwe idakulidwa ku Central Black Earth dera ndi Western Siberia.

Tchire zazitali-kutalika, zowonda, zofalikira. Zitsamba zazing'ono zimakhala ndi tingerezi yopepuka ya khungwa. Masamba a zobiriwira zisanu zakuda, zobiriwira zokongoletsera, kunsi kwa nyanjayi. Masamba opanda masamba amakhala, opanda mauta, koma makwinya. M'mphepete mwa tsamba limayamba pang'ono ndikuwukitsidwa. Lobe wapakati ndi yayitali kwambiri kuposa yotsekera.

Mitundu yofiira ya Marmalade ndi yosiyana ndi ena mu wowala, owala ngati lalanje

Zipatso timabinya totalika 10 cm, wobzalidwa pang'ono ndi zipatso zozungulira (pafupifupi 0,8 g). Mtundu wa khungu ndi wofiirira-lalanje, mitsempha yopepuka imawoneka. Ma currants amalawa wowawasa, koma okhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu ya gelling.

Zambiri Zamakalasi:

• osati yowonongeka ndi chisanu;
• zokolola zapakati - pafupifupi 1.8 kg / chitsamba;
• osagonjetseka ndi powdery mildew ndi anthracnose.

Gome: Yalimbikitsa Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana Kuti Mukule M'madera Osiyanasiyana

Ndemanga zamaluwa

Ndili ndi izi kwa zaka pafupifupi 10, koma sindinadziwe kuti ali ndi zaka komanso mbiri yabwino motere! Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti YONKER VAN TETS ili ndi zokolola zambiri m'mitundu yathu. Kucha koyambirira kuposa mitundu yambiri, kumatha kusungidwa pa tchire kwa nthawi yayitali, pomwe kulawa kumangokhala bwino.

Pustovoitenko Tatyana

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3803

Score 4 kulawa mu mitundu ya Kukoma Koyamba sikusangalatsidwa.

Fatmax

//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=1277

Currant Lights of the Urals, osachepera zaka 2, adayamba mwachangu ngati kudikirira kuti aikidwe pansi. Moona mtima, ndinawopa kuchita.

SoloSD

//objava.deti74.ru/index.php/topic,779868.new.html

Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma currant ofiira pa chiwembu, koma chomaliza timakonda mitundu ya Marmalade. Imakoma pang'ono wowawasa, koma yopatsa zipatso kwambiri ndipo imapachikika mpaka chisanu.

mpainiya 2

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=5758

Ma currants ofiira amaponderezedwa ndi anyezi. Ndi wokondedwa pafupi, ma chives adakula, kotero sanakulire konse, atangochotsa, adayamba kukulira. Ndi Dutch pinki wapafupi amakula anyezi slimes, chithunzi chomwecho, ndikuchotsa anyezi. Pakati pa tchire ziwiri anabzala banja anyezi chaka chino, komanso currants sanakulitse.

Kalista

//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1689&start=195

Zakudya zamafuta onunkhira, kupanikizana, ma compotes - nkhokwe ya mavitamini omwe amayenera kukololedwa nthawi yozizira kuti alimbikitse chitetezo chokwanira. Pakati pa mitundu ikuluikulu, aliyense adzapeza zomwe angafune.