Mwa mitundu ya nandolo zamasamba, mitundu yakucha yoyamba ndiyotchuka kwambiri. Ana, ndipo nthawi zambiri achikulire, amakonda nandolo za shuga, zomwe zimatha kudyedwa mwachindunji m'mundamo ndi mafosholo. Kuphatikiza pa shuga, ambiri wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amabzala nandolo za phala. Alinso wabwino kwambiri, koma mbewu zokha ndi zomwe zimadyedwa. Imodzi mwa mitunduyi ndi Yoyamba 301.
Nandolo zoyambirira
Pali mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi chinangwa. Amasiyana mu cholinga, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa pod, masiku okucha, etc. M'minda yazanyumba ndi nyumba zam'nyumba zamalimwe, amayesa kubzala nandolo za masamba oyambilira kapena oyambirira kucha kuti mudzithare zipatso zamatumbo a vitamini posachedwa. Mwa mitundu yomwe ikuphatikizidwa mu State Register of Kuswana Zokwaniritsa ku Russian Federation, mitundu yodziwika yoyambirira ya nandolo ya shuga imatha kusiyanitsidwa.
- Ambrosia - akulimbikitsidwa kudya nyemba zosapsa zatsopano, komanso zamtundu uliwonse zamakonzedwe. Kutalika kwa chomera sikupitilira 70 cm, maluwa ndi oyera pamtundu. Matumbawa amapindika pang'ono, amakula. Pakutola, mtundu wake ndiwobiliwira; kukoma kwake ndikabwino kwambiri. Nandolo zopukutira, zokolola mpaka 600 g / m2.
Ambrosia imapereka zidole zokoma koyambirira.
- Bobsleigh - tchire losiyanasiyana, lalitali-lalitali, limamasuwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu amtundu wa kirimu. Miphikayo ndi yayitali, yowongoka, yapakatikati m'lifupi, yobiriwira wowala. Kukoma kwa zipatso zosapsa ndi kwabwino. Nthenga zopukutidwa za sing'anga wamkulu. Kuchokera pa mita lalikulu mabedi, mpaka makilogalamu 1.4 a nyemba zosankhwima amatisonkhanitsa.
- Kutsekemera kwa ana ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri. Cholinga cha mbewu ndikuchigwiritsa ntchito osapsa (zonse zatsopano komanso zamitundu yonse pokonzanso, kuphatikiza kumalongeza). Matumbawa amapindika pang'ono, ndipo amaloza kumutu. Kupanga kuchokera kubiriwira mpaka kubiriwira kobiriwira, kutalika, kukoma kuchokera pazabwino mpaka zabwino. Mbewu ndi zazing'onoting'ono, zopindika pang'ono. Kupanga mpaka 1,8 kg / m2.
Kutsekemera kwa ana kumakwaniritsidwa ndi dzina lake
- Malonda okonzedwa ndi osiyanasiyana ogwiritsa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi; Mankhwalawa ndi akulu kwambiri, opindika pang'ono, obiriwira owoneka bwino, okhala ndi kukoma kwabwino. Mbewu zimakwinyika pang'ono, zazikulu, zimapereka mpaka 1.5 kg / m2.
Zomera zosaneneka ndizokulirapo pang'ono kuposa mitundu ina yofananira
- Kuphatikiza pa mitundu iyi, mitundu monga Zhegalova 112 ndi Inexhaustible 195 (yomwe idawerengedwa ngati imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri zamitundu ya shuga, koma kucha mwanjira ina pambuyo pake) ndizotchuka kwambiri. Amamera tchire zazitali, amatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kukoma kwambiri komanso kukolola kwakukulu.
Payokha, zingakhale zotheka kulingalira za mitundu yoyambirira ya nandolo: nyemba zawo sizokoma kwathunthu, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nandolo zokhazokha, ndikuponyera chigoba. Komabe, nthawi zambiri samabzalidwa m'nyumba zanyengo yachilimwe. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya peeling yoyambirira imaphatikizidwa Masamba 76, Lipensky, Winner G-33, Viola komanso, mitundu yakale Yoyamba 301.
Kufotokozera zamtundu wamtundu 301
Nandolo za Mitundu Yoyambira 301 zakhala zikudziwika kwa nthawi yayitali: zidaphatikizidwa mu State Record ya dziko lathu kuyambira 1956. Yalimbikitsidwa kuti ikulidwe m'malo ambiri. Akuluakulu, awa ndi Central, Central Black Earth, Northwest, Middle Volga ndi East Siberian, koma zoona zake zimabzalidwa pafupifupi m'dziko lonselo.
301 Kumayambiriro kwa maluwa kumayamba maluwa patatha masiku 29- 38 kumera, ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi matumba ake afika pakubala, ndiye kuti mbewu yakonzeka kukolola. Amamera pachitsamba chaching'ono, pafupifupi 70 cm. Masamba a mawonekedwe abwinobwino kwa nandolo, mtundu wobiriwira. Maluwa amakhala autali, oyera pamtundu.
Mu gawo la kupangika kwaukadaulo, nyemba 301 zoyambilira ndi zokuta, zodzaza
Ma PC okhala ndi nsonga yosalala, pafupifupi osapindika, mpaka 8 cm, osapitirira 14 mm mulifupi. Mu mawonekedwe aukadaulo waukadaulo, nyemba zosankhomera ndizobiriwira zakuda ndipo zili ndi nandolo 5-7 za mtundu wachikasu zobiriwira. Nandolo si ozungulira, ena osapanikizika, amakhala ndi kukoma. Mbewu zimacha nthawi yomweyo, zokolola zamatumba (munthawi ya ukadaulo) zimakhala zochepa: kuyambira 0,8 mpaka 1.1 kg / m2. Kuchuluka kwa matenda akuluakulu ndi avareji. Zosiyanasiyana zimalimbikitsidwa kumalongeza, kuwotcha kumene komanso kuphika kunyumba.
Mfundo yotsatirayi ndi yosangalatsa. Kumapeto kwa zaka zana zapitazi, makampani azakudya omwe amapanga nandolo zobiriwira zamtunduwu adangolimbikitsidwa mitundu yochepa chabe yamasamba a masamba. Mtundu woyamba wofunikira anali Ranniy Gribovsky, kenako Ranniy 301. Bizinesi yamaulimi adapatsidwa ntchito yokhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a acreage omwe amaperekedwa kwa nandolo ndi mitundu iyi.
Zabwino ndi zoyipa, mawonekedwe, kusiyana mitundu mitundu
Ngati tingayerekezere mitundu ndi mitundu ya shuga, yosangalatsa kwambiri kwa anthu okhala nthawi yachilimwe, ndiye kuti izi zitha: simungathe kuyika nyembazo monga, mwachitsanzo, Zhegalova 112 kapena Kukoma kwa Ana. Koma cholinga chake ndi chosiyana: choyambirira, cholinga chake ndi kupanga zakudya zamzitini, ndiye kuti nandolo wotchuka wobiriwira. Chifukwa chake, okhalamo akumayambiriro kwa chilimwe samabzalidwa nthawi zambiri ndi nzika zodziwika bwino: m'nthawi yathu, nthawi zambiri munthu aliyense palokha sangakolole zakudya zamzitini, sizovuta kugula, ndipo chifukwa chodzilimira nokha ndikupeza zinthu zomwe zingapangidwe ndi vitamini kale m'munda. "
Nawonso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhusu imagawidwa pakati ndipo imakhala yosalala kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, nandolo za chimanga zimadyedwa bwino komanso zatsopano. Ndipo Zoyambirira 301 zimatanthauzira makamaka maubongo. Muli zinthu zambiri zokhala ndi shuga komanso mavitamini ambiri osati wowuma kwambiri.
Nandolo amatchedwa thank-tank yopanga njere zouma
Malinga ndi ukadaulo wa zaulimi, zotsatirazi ndizowoneka ngati zabwino za nandime 301:
- kucha kwapanthawi yomweyo;
- kukoma kwambiri ndi kuphatikizika kwa makemisi a nandolo, amakupatsani mwayi woti uthandizire ngati chakudya chamwana;
- kusinthasintha kwa nyengo yovuta;
- kukoka kochepa kwa ascochitosis;
- kuphatikizika kwa mbewu.
Zowona, kupsa mwachangu kwa mbewuyo, yomwe ndi mwayi wosakayikira pakukula kwa nandolo, ingathenso kuigwira ngati chingabzalidwe m'khola lanyumba kuti lizigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo: mutalawa nandolo wokoma kamodzi, sabata yotsatira sudzatha kubwereza izi.
Kukula Zinthu
Ukadaulo waulimi wa nandolo 301 ilibe malingaliro oyerekeza ndi kulima mitundu ina ya cholinga chomwecho. Kubzala izi ndikosavuta, ndipo kusiya ndikumangotengera zochitika zoyambirira: mtola sufunikira thandizo.
Kubzala pea
Pea ndi chomera chosagwira ozizira, chifukwa chake mutha kuchifesa nthawi yomweyo nthaka ikangomera pang'ono nyengo yozizira. Pankhaniyi, bedi liyenera kukumbidwa pakugwa. Imakula bwino padzuwa; mthunzi pang'ono, zipatso zimachepa pang'ono. Ngati nandolo yofesedwa kwa ana, ndibwino kuyika mabedi ang'onoang'ono panjira.
Ndipo pazonse, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kwenikweni m'miyezi 2-2.5 bedi lidzakhala lopanda: Poyamba 301 ipereka mbewu yake nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chake, tiyenera kulingalira za momwe zingathekere kukhala malo opezeka. Nayi chisankho ndi yotakata: nandolo ndiwotsogola kwabwino kwambiri kwa mbewu zambiri zamasamba.
Nandolo zimakonda dothi, loyanika mosapanganika: Mchenga wothina ndi loamy. Mukugwa, amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya feteleza (humus, phulusa), asafe wokha amafunika nandolo zochuluka: iye amachichotsa mu kuya, komwe kumapangitsa bwino nthaka ndi chonde. Dothi lomwe limakhala bwino mu acidity limayandikira ndale; vuto la kuchuluka kwambiri, limatsitsidwa. Zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri nandolo ndi nkhaka, dzungu, mbatata, mitundu yonse ya kabichi. Simuyenera kulima nandolo pamalo amodzi kwa zaka zingapo motsatana, osabzale pambuyo pa mtundu uliwonse wa nyemba.
Nandolo zamtunduwu zimabzalidwa ndi njere zowuma, kumayambiriro kwa masika. Pakati panjira, izi zimachitika mu theka lachiwiri la Epulo, ndipo nthawi zina kale, kutengera nyengo.
Nthawi zina zokolola zimachitika ngakhale mu Okutobala, m'chiyembekezo kuti mbewuzo zitha kupukutidwa ndi kuphukira nthawi yomweyo nthaka itayamba kuwola. Koma izi ndizowopsa: nthawi yozizira nthawi zambiri pamakhala nsagwada, ndipo mbewu zotupa m'nthaka yozizira nthawi zambiri zimafa.
Amalimbikitsidwa kuchita kufesa koyambirira kwa nandolo kokha ndi nthanga zouma: mu Epulo pamakhala chinyezi chokwanira kutupa ndi kumera, ndipo mbewu zonyowa nthawi zambiri zimavunda ngati kubweranso kuzizira. Chifukwa chake, kukonzekera mbewu kumangokhala pakuwunika kwawo ndikuchotsa zoyerekeza zachilendo.
Poyambirira kwa 301, njira yofesa yodziwika bwino ndi 10 x 25 cm, koma m'mizere ndiyotengera ndikutheka ndiyovomerezeka, yotalikilapo 5 cm yokha. Mbewu zimabzalidwa m'nthaka mpaka masentimita atatu mpaka asanu: zakuya pamadothi amchenga, yaying'ono pamtunda wachadongo. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuyang'ana mizere kuchokera kumpoto kupita kumwera, kotero kuti mbewuzo zimawunikiridwa bwino ndi dzuwa.
Njira yofesa nandolo imapezeka kwa mlimi wosazindikira kwambiri
Kusamalira
Pambuyo pa kubzala mbande, chisamaliro cha nandizi, kwenikweni, chimangokhala kuthirira panthawi yake. Chinyezi ndichofunikira kwambiri peas nthawi yakuma, nthawi yamaluwa ndi kukula kwa ma pod. Kutsirira amathanso kuchitika mwa kukonkha, koma popanda kuthinana mwamphamvu komwe kumawononga masamba osalala. Kutentha kwa madzi zilibe kanthu, kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe - zidebe za 1-2 pa mita imodzi.
Mukathirira, dothi liyenera kunyowa bwino, koma kuti maudzuwo achoka mumphindi zochepa
Pabedi labwino, ubala usanachitike, feteleza safunika, makamaka ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Ndikokwanira kuthirira bedi kamodzi ndi kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa nthawi ya maluwa. Simungathe kupanga kulowetsedwa, koma kungomwaza phulusa mu woonda woonda m'mphepete mwa tchire ndi madzi bwino. Ngati mwayi ulipo woti musavulaze mizu, mutha kuyimitsa feteleza ndi khasu m'nthaka.
Kumayambiriro kwa 301 mu theka loyambirira la chilimwe sichimakhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus, motero palibe chifukwa choti uzipopera. Inde, ndipo ungatani kuti uzipukusa, ndipo posakhalitsa sonkhanitsani ndikudya? Koma tizirombo tosiyanasiyana timayendera: zoponya, bomba la moto, njere zam'munda, ndi zina. Komabe, zimagwera nandolo kale kumapeto: pakukonzekera kwamakina, palibe amene angawakhudze. Chifukwa chake, ngati mumakolola mu nthawi, simungaganize za mpikisano ang'onoang'ono osiyanasiyana.
Zokolola ziyenera kuchitika pa nthawi yake: amapira msanga kwambiri, kwenikweni m'masiku angapo amasintha kuchoka ku zokometsera zabwino kukhala mbewu zachikasu ndi zotakasuka. Ndikwabwino kuwunika momwe nyemba zimakhalira tsiku lililonse, chifukwa chake mitunduyi siyiyenera kubzalidwe ndi anthu okhala mchilimwe omwe amapita kumunda kumapeto kumapeto kwa sabata. Ngati nandolo zochuluka kwambiri adazisonkhanitsa nthawi imodzi, ndipo kumalongeza sikunaphatikizidwe mu mapulaniwo, mutha kuyimitsa ndi kuiwonjezera pamiphika kapena mbale zam'mbali.
Kanema: nandolo woyambirira m'munda
Ndemanga Zoyambirira za Pea
Chaka chatha, ndidabzala mbewu za pea - Aelita "masamba oyambilira a masamba 301", monga momwe zalembedwera pamapaketi - izi ndizothandiza kwambiri komanso zopatsa thanzi kwambiri - ... Mu paketi imodzi mudalipo masamba pafupifupi 25, pomwe 24 adaphukira, ndiye kuti kumera pafupifupi 95%, ndipo ndi zabwino. Zomerazo zinali zazitali, penapake pafupifupi mita imodzi, ndiye kuti tidamangirira timitengo kuti isangowola nthawi yomweyo pa mtengo. Tidadya kale mbewu yoyamba kumapeto kwa Juni, ndipo izi ndi zoyambirira, chifukwa mitundu yina ya nandolo yomwe idakhwima kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti adabzala nayo. Matumba omwewo ndi okulirapo, pafupifupi masentimita 8, koma nandolo mkati mwake ndi kukula kwa 0.5 cm, koma anali owoneka bwino kwambiri mwakuti tonse tidadya. Nandolo zitabzalidwa. amaganiza kuti titha kuzizira nyengo yachisanu, koma osakhoza kupulumutsa, anadya kuchokera muzu.
Anastasia
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Ndimakonda kubzala mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kumayambiriro: Chilimwe 10, Nord West. Nyengo yapakatikati: Zhegalova, komanso, yabwino nyengo yapakatikati: Wokondedwa. Zonse ndi zokoma. Sindikunyowa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mopepuka ndipo nandolozo zimagawika mbali ziwiri. INE NDAKUKHALA M'DZIKO LAPANSI, NGAKHALE NGAKHALE, NGATI DZIKO LINSOGOLA.
Lyudmila Volkova
//otvet.mail.ru/question/70437585
Ndimakonda Ambrosia, mitundu ya pea yamasamba, ndipo ndimabzala nthawi zonse, ndipo siikhala ndi mphutsi, koma ndi yokoma komanso yabwino.
Margarita Karih
//otvet.mail.ru/question/70437585
Ndinayang'ana pa netiweki, ndikusankha omwe "ubongo" umodzi umapezeka: Adagum, Atlant, Vega, Viola, Dzuwa, Emerald, Emerald, Kelvelon Wonder, 240, Kumayambiriro 301, Oyambirira Mushroom 11, Shuga - 2, Atatu, Tropar, Annivers peeling , Zingwe. Pali mitundu yambiri yambiri, momwe malongosoledwe - "theka laubongo", "makatani" ndi "makatani" - Ndikuganiza kuti amathanso kusungidwa.
Chiyembekezo
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Kanema: O. Ganichkina wokhudza nandolo zokulira
Nandolo Oyambirira 301 - wabwino wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri, wopangidwa kuti azisoka nandolo. Koma mbewu zamphesa zosakhwima ndi zabwino komanso zatsopano, ndipo amakondedwa ndi ana komanso akulu. Kukula nandewu ndikosavuta, ndipo chisangalalo pakudya “kuyambira m'mundamo” sichingafotokozedwe.
