Kodi nsikidzi (Heteroptera) ndi chiyani? Awa ndi tizilombo ta tizilombo ta tizilombo tofalitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Zitha kugawidwa m'magulu aang'ono, osowa, cruciferous, madzi atsopano ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kachilomboka ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito (bedi) kachilombo, dzina lina ndilo nyumba imodzi. Mitundu yoposa 103,000 ya tizilombo timadziwika, yomwe ili ya mabanja 35,000. Amatha kudyetsa mtengo kapena kuyamwa magazi kuchokera ku zinyama zosiyanasiyana.
Mutu waukulu wa nkhaniyi ndi zomwe ziwombankhanga zimawoneka: zithunzi, mitundu ya nsikidzi, malo okhala, zizolowezi zodyera. Pali malingaliro othandizira kuthetsa nsikidzi m'nyumba.
Mitundu ya nsikidzi
Mndandanda wa mitundu ya ku Russia ili pafupifupi 2000 tizilombo. Amakhala m'dziko lonse lapansi, kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumadera otentha. Chodziwika bwino kwambiri m'dzikoli, komabe, ndi chizindikiro chochepa, bedi la bedi, lomwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa magazi. Kodi nsikidzi ndi chiyani? Kuwonjezera pa izo, zofiira ("toy soldier beetles"), arboreal ("zokwawa zam'mlengalenga"), m'madzi ndi mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo zimakhala m'chilengedwe.
Flat
Kuphwima ntchito kachilombo ka pine. Iye imakhala m'nkhalango zamapine, posankha mitengo kuyambira zaka 9 mpaka 25.
Pakudya zimasokoneza michere ikuyenda mu thunthu, chifukwa cha pinini imayamba kutchire, ndipo singano imakhala yachikasu ndipo imathamanga.
Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mitengo yomwe ili m'madera osauka m'mapiri ndi m'mapiri a m'midzi ndi kumidzi. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti mbalame zodyetsa tizilombo sizowonongeka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, kapena zimapezeka pang'onopang'ono.
Tizilombo akuluakulu mtundu wa thupi lofiirazofanana ndi makungwa a pine. Kutalika kwake ndi 3.5-5 mm. Maonekedwe a thupi ndi opunduka, ndi akazi ochulukirapo kusiyana ndi amuna. Palinso fungo la peyala.
Tizilombo tomwe timapanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadula pansi pamtengo. M'chaka, ngakhale asanamalize kukwera chipale chofewa, amadzuka, kukwera thunthu ndi kukabisala mu mamba a khungwa. Amadyetsa kumeneko, ndipo mazira a chilimwe amaikidwa (mpaka zidutswa 28 kuchokera kwa mkazi mmodzi).
M'munsimu muli chithunzi cha kachilombo ka mitundu iyi:
Ofiira
Mitundu yofala ku Russia.
Nthawi zambiri amatha kuwoneka pa mipanda yamatabwa, ziphuphu zakale, mbali za mitengo. Kumeneko amapuma ndi kuyembekezera kuti chakudya chiwoneke, ndikudyetsanso chakudya chachitsamba chachinyamata.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kuyambira 7 mpaka 12 mm. Mchitidwe wofiira wakuda wakuda umagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo movuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosatheka kuzisokoneza ndi ena. Mphutsiyi ndi yaing'ono, imakhala ndi zofiira za monochromatic ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono akuda. Chiwalo cha pakamwa ndi proboscis chimene chimapyoza mbewu ndi kuyamwa timadziti zake.
Mipulu yofiira ya chilimwe anakonzedwa m'madera akuluakulu dzuwa, malo otentha kwambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, amapita kumalo ozizira osankhidwa bwino, kumene amakhala nthawi yozizira. Mayiyo amakhala ndi mazira okwana 30 panthawi yomwe masabata 1-1.5 amapezeka.
Podyetsa, msilikali ndi modzichepetsa, ndipo amatha kuyamwa madzi kuchokera ku zomera zonse zobiriwira, zomwe, pambuyo pochita zoterezi, zimasiya kubereka, zimabereka zipatso ndikuwuma pang'onopang'ono.
Asilikari si ziwombankhanga zoopsa kwa anthu, zithunzi zomwe mukuona pansipa:
Woody
AwoAmatchedwanso "zonunkhira" chifukwa cha fungo losasangalatsa, zomwe amazifalitsa pofuna chitetezo panthawi yomwe chiwopsezo chimachitika kapena panthawi ya kukwatira. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi madzi, koma nthawi zambiri amalowa m'nyumba. Palibe choipa chimene anthu angachite ndi kachilomboka kakang'ono kameneka, koma ndani angavomereze kulekerera "malo osalunkhira" omwewo.
Nkhungu yoyamba ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono mpaka 15 mm ndi chipolopolo cholimba, pansi pa mapiko ake. Iye samawagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri, ndipo pokhapokha atatsimikiza kuti adzatha kufika kumayiko olemera. M'chilimwe, kachilomboka kamakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira., zomwe zimakuthandizani kudzibisa kwa adani pakati pa masamba. M'dzinja kumbuyo kumakhala mthunzi wofiirira.
Matendawa ndi odzichepetsa pakusankha chakudya. Iye akhoza kudya masamba, udzu, tirigu ndi zipatso. Amakonda raspberries. Mu nthawi yanjala sichidzanyansidwa ndi tizilombo ta tizilombo, zomwe ziri pansi pa masamba ogwa.
Chithunzi cha chiphuphu cha banja lino chiri pansipa:
Madzi
Ichi ndi gulu lalikulu lomwe likuphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 700. Tizilombo tonsefe ndizilombo ndikukhala mumadzi kapena mitsinje yambiri yomwe ilipo pang'ono. Oimira otchuka kwambiri a nkhanza za mitundu iyi ndi wokwera ndi wosalala.
Waterman - tizilombo tomwe tili ndi thupi lalitali, mpaka mamita 30 mmimayenda m'madzi pamagulu atatu a miyendo yayitali yaitali. Imakhala pamtunda pamadzi chifukwa cha kukanika kwa madzi.
Pamutu ndizitsulo, ndikugwedeza pang'ono. Wosaka madzi amadyetsa tizilombo tagwa m'madzi, osagwidwa ndi nsomba, nsomba mwachangu. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo iwowo akhoza kuwonedwa ndi nsomba.
Gladysh - bedi ndi bedi losalalayomwe imakhala pamwamba pa madzi. Monga zipangizo zamagalimoto zinagwiritsira ntchito miyendo yaitali yayitali. Amapuma mphepo yam'mlengalenga, yomwe imalandira kudzera m'mabowo apadera pamimba, nthawi zonse imaonekera pamadzi.
Gladyshes amakhala m'madziwe, koma paulendo wopita kumalo atsopano amatha kukhazikika panthawi yamadzi, mbiya zamadzi. Amadyetsa tizilombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nsomba mwachangu.
ZOCHITIKA! Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda si koopsa kwa anthu, koma izi zimadzitetezera ngati mutayesetsa kuti muzitsatira, ndikusiya kulira kwambiri.
Sakani
Triatoms ndi mtundu wa tizilombo kuti amakhala ku South America kokha. Mwa anthu omwe amatchedwa "kukupsompsona mimbulu" kapena "opha anzawo." Zonse chifukwa pamene walumidwa, izi zimatulutsa matenda a Chagas omwe amawapha.
Malingana ndi chiwerengero, anthu ambiri anafa motere kusiyana ndi kuuma kwa tizilombo tina tonse. Thupi liri lalitali, paws ndi zipangizo zamakono zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina.
Mafinya amakhala pafupi ndi nyumba, nyumba zapanyumba, mitsempha. Amatha kulowa mu malo okhala, kapena akuwuluka okha. Kuluma sikukumveka, kokha kachakudya kachakudya katsalira katsala. M'mabotolo omwe nkhumba zimachoka pafupi ndi bala, palinso mayanososome, omwe, atagwedezeka, amalowa mu bala.
Zithunzi za tizirombozi:
Magazi akuyamwitsa
Magazi oyamwa magazi ndizirombo zosasangalatsa kwambirindani angakhale pafupi ndi munthu. Izi zimaphatikizapo zogona (nsalu) zamatenda.
Izi ndi zipolopolo zazing'ono, kukula 3-5 mm. Pamene ali ndi njala, amakhala ndi thupi lakuthwa, chifukwa ndizosatheka kuwagwira kapena kuwaphwanya. Pambuyo pa mapeto a chakudya, chimakula, chimatambasula, kutenga mtundu wofiira.
Iwo alikhalani pansi mu zinyumba, pansi pa mabwalo apansi, wallpaper komanso ngakhale zovala, zomwe zimatsogolera moyo wokha wausiku. Amachulukana mofulumira kwambiri. Amakhala m'madera akuluakulu. Zitha kusuntha pakati pa nyumba, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi zamagetsi, mpweya wokwanira, mpweya wambiri m'makoma.
Dandaula pambali pathupi, kusiya mchere wambiri pa khungu. Kukwapula sikuli koopsa, koma kumayambitsa matenda, makamaka kwa ana. Choncho, ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti muzitha kulumidwa ndi nsikidzi nthawi yake.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Kuwononga mbozi sikuli njira 100% yowonjezera. Ndi bwino kulankhulana ndi bungwe lapadera lomwe laperekedwa kuti liwonongeke. Kapena muyenera kuphatikiza njira zamagetsi (aerosols, sprays, powders ndi crayons) ndi mankhwala ochiritsira.
Chithunzi chazitukuko:
M'dziko muli mitundu yoposa 100,000 ya nsikidzi, yomwe pafupifupi 2,000 ingapezeke ku Russia. Zina mwa izo ndi herbivores, nyama zodya nyama ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zotchuka kwambiri ndi nkhumba za nkhuni, zomwe zimatchedwa "ziphuphu-mbozi", zofiira kapena "zidole zamatchetche", zida zamadzi ndi smoothies, komanso mabedi (nsalu). Zomalizazi ndizosawononga kwambiri mafinya omwe amadya magazi a munthu.
Nsikidzi zonse ndi zithunzi zikufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.
