Basil onunkhira komanso otsitsimula - wakula pazenera

Pakati pa zitsamba zambiri zokometsera, ndi basil yomwe ndi yabwino kukula pakhomo. Kuphatikiza pa zabwino, fungo labwino komanso mawonekedwe abwino, chomerachi chimasankhidwa pokubzala mphika chifukwa chimatha kukula nthawi yozizira ndi chilimwe, komanso chisamaliro chosasamala. Ngakhale simunakhalepo ndi zitsamba pawindo, mutha kupeza zokometsera zabwino mwayamba kuyesa kwanu ndi basil.

Zosiyanasiyana za basil zokulira nyumba

Zosiyanasiyana basil ndizabwino. Kuphatikiza pa tsamba lobiriwira wamba, pali basil yofiirira komanso ya bulauni. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi masamba akulu ndi ang'ono, osiyanasiyana amitundu onunkhira.

Zokulira m'nyumba, zazing'ono-zokhala, zotsika (mpaka 0.5 m) zomwe zimamera zitsamba zowoneka bwino ndizabwino.

Mitundu ya basil yaying'ono komanso yosasanjika imakula kwambiri mwachangu komanso mosavuta kunyumba.

Kalata ya boma yobereketsa imavomereza mitundu iwiri yomwe ili yoyenera kuphika mumphika:

• Basilisk Ubwino wa mitunduyi ndi ubweya woyambirira komanso kupindika. Chomera chotsika (mpaka 20 cm) chimakhala ndi masamba ambiri ang'onoang'ono onunkhira tsabola wa clove;
  

  Basilisk Basilisk tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito mwatsopano, monga zonunkhira-zonunkhira pakuphika kwakunyumba, mu mawonekedwe owuma ndi kumalongeza

• Marquis. Tchire lowoneka bwino limatha kukula mpaka 25 cm. Fungo labwino la masamba ndi tsabola wa clove.
  

  Masamba obiriwira komanso masamba owuma kuchokera ku Marquise basil amapita bwino ndi tchizi, bowa, nyemba, biringanya

Ngati muli ndi luso kunyumba, mutha kukula mtundu uliwonse wa zonunkhira izi. Chonde dziwani kuti mtundu wocheperako wachi Greek, komanso mitundu yofiirira imakulira nthawi yayitali.

Mikhalidwe ndi njira zokulira basil kunyumba

Basil ndi chomera chofunda komanso chosangalatsa, chifukwa chake zotsatirazi ndizofunikira kuti zikule ndi kukula:

• kutentha kwa mpweya mderalo + madigiri 20-25;
• nthawi yayitali masana. Mukadzala chomera m'miyezi yachisanu, chidzafunika kuwunikira ndi nyali za fluorescent;
• nthaka yachonde;
• kutsirira mwadongosolo komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.

Basil itha kubzala kunyumba chaka chonse, koma kuwonetsetsa kwake kutentha ndi kuunika kudzayesa kuyesedwa kowonjezereka nthawi yophukira-nyengo yachisanu.

Kunyumba, mutha kupeza masamba a basil m'njira zitatu:

1. Kuika mbewu yachikale pamalo osaloledwa ndikuyiyika mumphika. Ngati kumapeto kwa chilimwe mukadali ndi mbewu za basil zomwe sizidaphukire m'mundamo, mutha kuzikumba ndikuzithira ndi dothi lonyamula chidebe. Zomera zotere zimaphuka mwachangu, koma kwakanthawi mungagwiritse ntchito masamba onunkhira. Kuphatikiza apo, chomera chachikulire ndichabwino kupeza zodula polimitsa baka zatsopano.
2. Popeza ndakula chomera kuchokera kudula. Njira imakupatsani mwayi wokwanira msanga (patatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu) kuti mupeze zitsamba zazing'ono. Chitsamba chotere chimakutumikirani kwa miyezi itatu kapena inayi.
3. Kufesa mbewu. Chomera chobzala mwanjira imeneyi chidzafunika nthawi yochulukirapo kupanga chitsamba, koma chimaperekanso zitsamba zonunkhira zambiri zazitali kuposa masamba oyalidwa mosiyana.

Kukula basil kuchokera ku mbewu

Mbewu za Basil zimapezeka m'masitolo apadera. Iyi ndi njira yoyenera kwambiri pokonzekera kulima tchire zingapo za mbewu. Ngati munyumba yanu yakanyumba yachilimwe idakulira, yomwe ikukukwanirani m'njira zonse, ndiye kuti ndizotheka kutolera nokha mbewu. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mbewu zokha zomwe mudabzala kudzera mbande ndizomwe zimapereka mbewu zokhwima komanso zapamwamba: ndikubzala mwachindunji m'nthaka munthawi yotentha nyengo, mbewu za zonunkhirazi zilibe nthawi yakucha. Mbewu zimakolola pakumawuma pomwe mabataniwo akauma ndikuchita mdima:

1. Phula louma limadulidwa pachomera ndikuyika m'chipinda chodetsedwa komanso chotseguka bwino kuti chikhwime.
2. Pambuyo poti ziume, mbewuzo zimatulutsa m'mabokosi. Ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi zinyalala ndi kuziwumitsa.

Mbeu zakucha za basil ziyenera kukhala zakuda

Kumera kwa mbewu za basil kumatha zaka 4-5.

Kukonzekeretsa kubzala

Basil idabwera kwa ife kuchokera kumayiko omwe kuli nyengo yotentha, choncho mbewu zake zitha kugwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati kuli kutentha kokwanira ndi kuwala. Mukabzala ndi mbewu zosakonzekera, zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti kudikira mbande, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzitentha zinthu zobzala. Izi zimachitika bwino padzuwa kapena ma radiators. Ndikofunikira kuti mbewuzi zizitenthetsedwa mpaka kutentha +40 madigiri. Imathandizira mbande ndi mbewu zowuluka, momwe zimakwaniritsidwa ndi chinyezi. Kutsetsereka kumachitika ndi madzi ofunda ofanana ndi kutentha kwa kutentha (+40 degrees). Pambuyo pa njirayi, mbewu zimaphwa pang'ono.

Chonde dziwani kuti mutanyowa, basil mbewu mucilage.

M'madzi akunyowa, mutha kuwonjezera mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kukula: Zircon, Albit, etc.

Basil imamera kuchokera ku mbewu zotenthetsedwa ndikuwumitsidwa ndi chinyezi zimawonekera patsiku la 7-10 mutabzala.

Zotheka kutchera

Musanasankhe zobzala, muyenera kusankha momwe mukumira basil - osankha kapena kusankha. Ngati mukufuna kufesa mbande, ndiye kuti chidebe choyambirira chikhoza kukhala makapu apulasitiki osaya, makaseti wamba kapena matayala ambewu. Mukakulitsa osatola, sankhani mwachangu zotengera zazingwe, mwachitsanzo, miphika ya lita, pomwe mizu ya chomera imamasulidwa. Popeza amadyera okalamba nthawi zambiri amakhala pawindo lakhitchini, ndikofunikira kulingalira momwe zofukizirazo zimakwanira mkati, zidzakhale malo okwanira makonzedwe abwino a miphika yonse.

Zomwe mungasankhe pamiphika yotsalira ndi miphika mumiphika yotsalira ndi mashelufu opachikidwa pazenera labwinolo ndizovomerezeka. Adzakhala zokongoletsera zowonekera mkati, kuthana ndi vuto lomwe limadza nthawi zambiri.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: malingaliro obzala basil ndi zitsamba zina kukhitchini

Basil yodzala dothi

Chimodzi mwazinthu zothandiza kuti ulimiwu ukhale bwino ndi nthaka yabwino komanso yachonde yokhala ndi chinyezi komanso mpweya wabwino. Dothi labwino lingapangike posakaniza zinthu izi:

• humus + coconut fiber mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 2;
• Nthaka yachonde + kompositi m'mbali zofanana;
• humus (1 gawo) + peat (2 magawo).

Pofuna kuteteza mbande zam'tsogolo ku tizirombo ndi matenda, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenthetsa nthaka. Izi zitha kuchitika pakuphika kuphika mu uvuni. Dothi limawerengeredwa pamtunda wa + 100-120 madigiri kwa ola limodzi. Kuti muwonjezere chakudya chopatsa thanzi, osakaniza wokonzedwayo amayenera kuthiridwa ndi yankho la feteleza wa mchere: urea, potaziyamu sulfate ndi superphosphate (supuni ya 1/8 ya chilichonse chophatikizira) amatengedwa pa lita imodzi yamadzi.

Tanki yofesa imadzaza ndi osakaniza okonzedwa, yaying'ono ndi madzi

Asanadzaze zotengera, ngalande yotalika masentimita awiri, miyala, miyala, polystyrene kapena njerwa yosweka amaika pansi. Pamwamba pake, nthaka yokonzedwa imathiridwa, osafikira 3-4 cm mpaka m'mphepete, madzi ambiri.

Kufesa mbewu

Mbewuzo ndikadzala mutakonzeka, mutha kubzala. Ndiwokhazikika, koma pochita izi ndikofunikira kuganizira zotsatirazi:

• njere zimayikidwa panthaka yonyowa, kenako ndikwazaza ndi dentimenti ya dothi. Mukabzala mwakuya, mbewuzo zimaphuka kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo kubzala pang'ono kumakulitsa mwayi wotchera ndi kufa kwa mbewu;
• Zomera 3-4 zimamasuka bwino mumphika wamaluwa. Mukadzala popanda kutola, mutha kubzala mbewu zochulukirapo, kenako ndikuchotsa mbande zofooka;
• pakufesa m'matayala, njere zimayikidwa mtunda wa 2-3 cm;
• mutabzala mbewuzo, zotengera zimakutidwa ndi polyethylene, galasi kapena kapu ya pulasitiki, yomwe imachotsedwa pokhapokha;
• mpaka mphukira yoyamba itawonekera, miphika imatha kusungidwa m'chipinda chilichonse chofunda, osadandaula ndi kuyatsa. Kuwala pakadali pano sikofunikira kwa mbewu;
• kutsirira kumachitika kokha ngati nthaka yapamwamba ikuma;
• zikamera, chovalacho chimachotsedwa, chidebe chimasinthidwa kupita pamalo abwino, ngati kuli koyenera, mphukira zimapetedwa.

Ndikwabwino kufalitsa njere zazing'onoting'ono pamtunda ndi ma tonneers

Ngati njerezo zidabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo mumphika wokulirapo, ndiye kuti zikamera zikakhala zazitali masentimita asanu, nthaka imawonjezeredwa ndi thankiyo, yomwe imalimbitsa mphukira yachinyamata.

Sankhani

Nthambi zomwe zaphukira mumbale zing'onozing'ono zidzafunika kusankha. Wonongerani gawo la 1-2 awiri a mapepala enieni. Nthaka poika zina zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pofesa mbewu. Mbewuzo zimakumbidwa mosamala, osaphimba pansi kuchokera kumizu, ndikuziyika nthawi yomweyo m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono.

Mbande zokhala ndi mpeni wapulasitiki kapena chida china chilichonse zimatuluka pamiyeso yonse, kuyesera kuti zisawononge mizu

Mkhalidwe wofunikira! Popeza mbande za basil sizipanga mizu yaying'ono pa tsinde, imakumbidwa popanda kuzama, ndiye kuti, kukula kwakubzala kuyenera kufanana ndi kwa mbande.

Mukatola, mbande ziyenera kuthiriridwa, ngati kuli kotheka, gwirizanani ndi mbewu zokhwima. Mbande za Basil zifunika pafupifupi sabata kuti zizolowere nyengo zatsopano ndikukula.

Kusamalira Basil

Miphika yokhala ndi mbeu iyenera kukhala pamalo abwino. Kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Ogasiti, kuwala kwachilengedwe kudzamukwanira, ndipo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi yozizira, basil yomwe ikula ikufunika kuwunikira kowonjezereka. Kuti masamba onse alandire kuwala kokwanira, ndikofunikira kuti iwo aziwotcha pawindo. Dothi loumbika liyenera kusungidwa bwino. M'chilimwe, mutha kuthirira ndi kutsanulira basil tsiku lililonse, nthawi yozizira, kuthirira kumachitika kawiri pa sabata. Kutsirira pafupipafupi kumapangitsa kuti nthaka ichotse madzi ndikuwola mizu.

Kutsirira kumachitika ndi madzi kutentha kwa firiji, ndipo njirayi itatha, nthaka iyenera kutayidwa kuti isasungunuke kuti mpweya wabwino womwe umafunikira ndi mizu ya chomera.

Kuti basil ikule, magulu ndi nthambi, pawindo lanu la mpweya sayenera kukhala wotsika kuposa 20 ° С (komanso bwino 25 ° С), ndipo dzuwa limayenera kuwalitsa kwa maola osachepera 3-4 patsiku

Kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipindacho momwe kununkhira kwamankhwala kukukula kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo - osatsika kuposa +20 madigiri. Zojambula zimakhudza mbewu. Ngati kuwomba kwamphamvu kumawonekera pawindo, ndiye kuti mbewuyo iyenera kutetezedwa ndikukutira miphika ndi filimu yapulasitiki yowonekera. Kuti basil yakunyumba ikukondweretseni ndi fungo lake labwino ndi zitsamba kwa nthawi yayitali, iyenera kuphatikizidwa. Kuwona zomwe zinachitika mkati mwakulima chomera, titha kupangira kuvala organic pamwamba ndi biohumus kapena Agrolife (malinga ndi malangizo). Chiwerengero cha zovala zapamwamba siziyenera kupitilira 2 pamwezi.

Feteleza zachilengedwe zimathandizira pakukwaniritsa kwa mbewu ndi michere, yomwe imaperekedwa moyenera

Ngati mungaganize zogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wama mineral, ndiye kuti mumasamala kuti musankhe zosakanizira zapadera za basil, osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangira mbewu zina.

Kanema: Zokolola pawindo - kukula basil kuchokera ku mbewu

Kukula basil kuchokera kudula

Njira yofulumira komanso yosavuta yopezera mafuta a basil ikukula kuchokera ku cuttings:

1. Chomera chachikulu chogulidwa pamsika kapena mu shopu chomwe chakhazikitsidwa munyumba yotentha chimakhala choyenera. Choyambirira kapena cham'mbali chimadulidwa kuchokera kwa iye. Magawo amatha kuthandizidwa ndi chowonjezera muzu kapena phulusa.
2. Zidula zimayikidwa mumtsuko ndi madzi.
   

   Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe madzi mumtsuko ndi zodulira tsiku lililonse

3. Pakatha masiku 7-10, mphukira zodulidwazika mizu.
   

   Mizu yolimba imamera mu basil mu madzi mu masabata 1-2

4. Tsopano zodulidwazo zingabzalidwe m'mbale zazikulu ndi dothi lopepuka komanso lotayirira.

Kusamalira basil yodzalidwa kuchokera kumadulidwe ndikofanana ndi chomera chomwe chimamera pambewu. Chomera choyamba cha masamba obiriwira chimatha kudulidwa pafupifupi milungu iwiri.

Kudulira Basil ndi kukolola

Mutha kudula masamba a basil m'mbuyomu kuposa masamba 6 enieni pachomera. Mukazichita bwino, chitsamba chija chimabzala, kuchuluka kwake kwa mitengo yobiriwira kumakulira msanga. Nawa maupangiri apamwamba kwambiri:

• masamba ndi tsinde ndikulimbikitsidwa kudulidwa ndi chida chakuthwa;
• kudula masamba mwachangu pamtengo kumabweretsa kuti chomera chiwonekere ndipo chitha kuzima;
• Pambuyo pa masamba atatu enieni amawonekera, ndikofunikira kuti kutsina pamwamba pamsika podula tsinde pamwamba pamasamba achichepere omaliza omwe amayamba kukula kuchokera kuzowawa. Njira yotsinulira mobwerezabwereza imabwerezedwa njira zatsopano zikangowonekera mu sinuses. Kutsina kotereku kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa chitsamba m'lifupi, ndikupanga zipatso zambiri;
• ngati mukufunika kusankha masamba ochepa a basil kuti muwawonjezere kuphika, sankhani masamba achikulirewo ndikuwadula pamwamba pamsewu ndi tsinde lalikulu. Kudulira koteroko kudzathandizanso kutulutsa mphukira zatsopano;
• masamba anayi otsika kwambiri pachomera ayenera kusiyidwa. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti basil iyamba kukula msinkhu, itha kukhala yopanda zipatso;
• matendawa amawoneka mwachangu. Dulani ndi masamba angapo pansi pake. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mu gawo la maluwa, fungo labwino komanso masamba ake amatayika. Phata limasiyidwa pokhapokha ngati mukufuna kutola mbewu za zonunkhira;
• ngati mukufuna mtundu wambiri wobiriwira, tikulimbikitsidwa kudula tsinde lonse, ndikusiya masamba awiri a masamba otsika. Masamba azonona watsopano azidzawoneka posachedwa kuchokera ku zolakwika zawo, mtengowo upangidwanso ndipo umakusangalatsani ndi zonunkhira komanso zitsamba zatsopano kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuphatikiza kuchuluka kofunikira kwa masamba obiriwira, kumbukirani mapangidwe olondola a chitsamba ndikuphatikiza kukolola ndi kudulira

Ngati mukufunitsitsa ndipo mukufunikira kukhala ndi masamba onunkhira komanso abwino a basil, pomwe mukutsimikiza mwamtundu wake, pangani munda wamaluwa. Gawirani chikhalidwecho ndi zofunikira, chidwi pang'ono ndipo mupeza zotsatira zabwino.