Tonsefe nthawi zambiri tawonapo nthambi zopepuka komanso zooneka bwino monga kapangidwe kake koyambirira. Koma likukhalira kuti katsitsumzukwa sikungokhala chomera chokongoletsera zokha. Ku Italy, mphukira zazing'ono zimapangidwa ndi pasitala ndi shrimp. Ku Germany, yophika ndi tchizi cha mbuzi, truffles ndi caviar. Kuyambira nthawi ya Julius Kaisara ku Europe, katsitsumzukwa adakulidwa ngati masamba ndipo adapezeka pazosankha zamagazi amtambo. Ndipo tsopano aliyense amatha kulawa zipatso zowutsa mudyo komanso zanthete.
Momwe katsitsumzukwa amakulira ndikuwoneka
Wamba katsitsumzukwa ndi chomera osatha 120-160 cm wamtali, am'banja la Asparagus. Zimayambira nthambi; masamba ali obiriwira, amawoneka ngati singano, koma ofewa. Kuchokera pamphepete mwake yopindika, nthungo-yokhala ngati mkondo yopindika. Mtengo wam'magazi ndi gawo lawo lam'mwambamwamba, lomwe amaliwona akatswiri odziwa bwino kuti ndiwo zamtengo wapatali. Asparagus ndi imodzi mwazomera zabwino, zokoma komanso zamtengo wapatali zamasamba.
Kupangika kwa mphukira zovomerezeka kumachitika mchaka cha 3-4 cha moyo. Nthambi zoyamba za katsitsumzukwa zimawonekera koyambirira kwamasika ndipo zimakhala ndi fiber, mavitamini ndi michere yambiri. Mphukira zikafika kutalika 15 cm masentimita ndipo zikadali zowonda, mitu yosasweka, masamba amakhala okonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthambi zimadulidwa, kenako ndikunyenyerera pansi, ndikukulungidwa mu nsalu yonyowa, apo ayi katsitsumzukwa idzafota msanga. Mphukira 22 masentimita aatali amaonedwa kuti ndi abwino.
Asparagus ndi mpikisano wokula. Mu tsiku limodzi lotentha, amatha kukula mpaka masentimita 10 kutalika.
Zithunzi Zojambulidwa: Asparagus Kukula M'bwalo Lotseguka
- Asparagus atha kukhala wamkulu kuchokera kumbewu
- Mphukira zazing'onoting'ono zazing'ono zimapezeka kumapeto
- Asparagus amakonda dothi lachonde
- Pamalo okhazikika, katsitsumzukwa kamakhala kabwino mpaka zaka 10-15
- Zomera zazikulu za katsitsumzukwa zokongoletsa kwambiri
Gome: Zinthu za agrotechnical mbewu
| Zinthu zikukula | Feature |
| Kufunika kwadothi | Mchenga wachonde wachonde |
| Maganizo a kuyatsa | Photophilous |
| Njira zopangira | Mbewu, ma rhizomes |
| Kuthirira mtima | Wachikondi |
| Zida Zosokoneza | Dioecious |
| Kutentha kochepa | Ogonjetsedwa ndi chisanu |
Zosiyanasiyana za Asparagus ndi Zosiyanasiyana
Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya katsitsumzukwa imaphatikizapo:
- wobiriwira
- zoyera
- wofiirira
- nyanja.
Asparagus ndiwosiyanasiyana
Oyera ndi obiriwira obiriwira ndiwo mphukira zamasamba amodzi, kusiyana ndikuti amakula mosiyanasiyana.
Asparagus imawoneka yatsopano pomwe "iphulika".
Ngati, mutapanga mapesi awiri moyang'anizana, mumamva mawu ofanana ndi kufinya, ndiye kuti katsitsumzukwa ndi katsopano.
Green katsitsumzukwa
Umu ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa katsitsumzukwa. Dziko lakwawo ndi gombe la Nyanja za Mediterranean ndi Caspian. Imadziwika ndi mavitamini ambiri. Ngakhale kwa nthawi yayitali idawonedwa ngati yothandiza kuposa yoyera. Green katsitsumzukwa amakonda kwambiri anthu a ku Britain. Nthawi yosonkhanitsa imatha kuyambira Epulo mpaka Julayi. Pali mafamu odzipangira nokha pomwe mungathe kutola mphukira zatsopano.
Green Asparagus Wokondedwa ku UK
White katsitsumzukwa
Wofanana ndi zosowa zake ndi zovuta komanso zojambulajambula. Kuti mupeze mphukira za utoto woyera, iwo amakula popanda kuwala, pogwiritsa ntchito hill pazomwezi. Ndi njira yolimirayi, kupanga chlorophyll kumatsekedwa mu zikumera, chifukwa chomwe chikhalanso chowawa kwambiri chimapezeka kuposa mphukira zobiriwira. Kwa nthawi yayitali, oyera katsitsumzukwa anali chakudya cha aristocrats. Wotchuka kwambiri ku Germany. Achijeremani amawona kuti masika amachokera nthawi yomwe katsikana wazovala zoyera akuwonekera pa maalumali.
White katsitsumzukwa ankawonedwa chakudya cha aristocrats
Katsitsi katswiri
Mitundu yocheperako komanso yoyambirira ya katsitsumzukwa. Tekinoloje ya kulima kwake idapangidwa ku France ndipo imakhala ndi kusinthasintha kukula m'kuwala ndi mumdima. Nthawi yomweyo, zinthu za pigment zimapangidwa mu zomerazo, zimawapatsa mtundu wakuda ndi zowawa zowawa. Mukaphika, mtundu wa violet umasandulika kukhala wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Zovala zamkangaza zimawoneka zosowa.
Kuti mupeze zofunikira kuti mulimitse masamba oyera ndi ofiirira, gwiritsani ntchito chivundikiro chamtambo wakuda.
Filimu yakuda imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatula ma savi kapena kuwala.
Mtsempha wam'nyanja
Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina chifukwa malo ake amakula ndi malo osambira mchere komanso gombe la nyanja. Kukoma kwa katsitsumzukwa wanyanja kumatsimikizira dzinali: kumakhala wopanda tanthauzo ndipo imapatsa ayodini pang'ono.
Sea katsitsumzukwa limafanana ndi dzina lake: ndiwosakhazikika ndipo mulinso ayodini
Koma "katsitsumzukwa wa ku Korea" siwobiriwira ayi, koma ndi chinthu chotsiriza chopangidwa kuchokera ku soya.
Gome: Mitundu ya Asparagus ndi madera omwe akukula ku Russia
| Dera la grade | Kucha nthawi | Madera omwe akukula | Zopatsa | Makhalidwe a Gulu |
| Argentel | Kupsa koyambirira | Madera onse | 250 g pa chomera chilichonse | Mphukira zapamwamba ndizofiirira, zobiriwira pansi pake ndizoyera ndi mitu yapinki. Regrowth wodziwika amapezeka masiku 1-2 Meyi. Mu malo amodzi, mbewuyi imalimidwa kwa zaka 10-15. Mthunzi wololera, chilolezo chazirala, osamva kuzizira. |
| Mary Washington | Pakati koyambirira | Ku Russia sichingabisidwe | 250 g pa chomera chilichonse | Mphukira zapansi panthaka zimakhala zonona ndi thupi loyera, mphukira zapansi ndi zobiriwira. Nthawi yogwiritsa ntchito mbewuyi ndi zaka 6-8. Pamafunika malo ogona nthawi yachisanu. Kulekerera chilala. Wotchuka ku Ukraine ndi Moldova. |
| Royal | Nyengo yapakati | Madera onse | 2-3 kg / m2 | Nthambi zokhala zobiriwira, zobiriwira pansi pake ndizoyera kapena zoyera. Osalimbana ndi chilala, osamva kutentha. |
| Cumulus F1 | Kupsa koyambirira | Madera onse | 300 g pachomera chilichonse | Mtundu wosakanizidwa wosankhidwa wa Dutch. Yoyenera kukula makamaka katsitsumzukwa oyera. Mphukira zamkati mwamphepo ndizabwino, zoyera. Amayamba kupanga mwachangu kwa zaka 3-4 za moyo. |
| Waldau | Kupsa koyambirira | Madera onse | mpaka 350 g pa chomera chilichonse | Mphukira zapamwamba pamtunda ndizobiriwira, mphukira zapansi panthaka ndi zoyera chikasu, pakati pakatikati, thupi ndilofatsa. Mitundu yatsopano yosankhidwa kwa Russia, yophatikizidwa ndi State Record mu 2017. |
Kulima mitundu ya katsitsumzukwa kamene kanayamba pa gawo la Russia mkati mwa zaka za XVIII. Masiku ano, katsitsumzukwa wamba kumatha kupezeka kuchokera munsewu wapakati mpaka kumagawo a Siberia ndi Caucasus. Zabwino kwambiri pamalo apakati komanso chigawo cha Moscow zimawerengedwa kuti ndi Argentel ndi Tsarskaya.
Zithunzi Zithunzi: Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Asparagus
- Argentel - mitundu yakale yosankhidwa ya France, yomwe imakonda kwambiri ku Russia
- Wosiyanasiyana Mary Washington sanapangidwire dziko lathu, lopangidwa ku Ukraine ndi Moldova
- Mitundu ya Tsarskaya imasiyanitsidwa ndi mphukira wakuda ndi zipatso zambiri
- Cumulus F1 ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti pakhale yoyeserera yoyera yoyera komanso yosakoma.
- Waldau - mitundu yaposachedwa, yoyenera yonse yoyera komanso yobiriwira, zipatso zabwino kwambiri
Ubwino ndi kuvulaza kwa katsitsumzukwa
Zopatsa mphamvu za calorie za asparagus ndizotsika: pafupifupi 100 kcal pa 100 magalamu azinthu.
Monga gawo la katsitsumzukwa (100 g) - mapuloteni (4.6 g), mafuta (0,2 g), chakudya (6 g). Ndi gwero la fiber yopindulitsa, chifukwa chake limathandiza thupi kudzipatula ku poizoni ndi poizoni.
Asparagus ili ndi mavitamini:
- retinol A - 82.8 μg;
- thiamine B1 - 0,1 mg;
- riboflavin B2 - 0,1 mg;
- ascorbic acid C - 20.2 mg;
- E - 1.9 mg;
- beta-carotene - 0,6 mg;
- nicotinic acid PP - 1.1 mg.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya katsitsumzukwa imakhala ndi mavitamini osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, michere yoyera imaphatikizapo mavitamini A, B1, B2, C, E. Green katsitsumzukwa imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: A, B1, B2, B4 (choline), B9 (folic acid), B11 (carnitine), C, E, K .
Zomwe zimapangidwazo zimaphatikizapo macro- ndi ma microelements:
- potaziyamu - 195.8 mg;
- phosphorous - 62.1 mg;
- calcium - 21 mg;
- magnesium - 20.2 mg;
- sodium - 2 mg;
- chitsulo - 1 mg.
Kuphatikiza apo, katsitsumzukwa kamakhala ndi selenium. Katunduyu ali ndi antioxidant, amachepetsa kukalamba kwa maselo amthupi.
Kuchiritsa katundu
Mwa zina zabwino za chomera, tinena izi:
- diuretic kwenikweni
- kutsitsa magazi
- zabwino pakugwira ntchito kwa mtima dongosolo,
- kusangalatsa kwam'mimba
- Kuwongolera ntchito ya chiwindi
- zotonthoza mtima
- kusintha kwamawonedwe
- zabwino pakuchitika kwa magazi,
- kusintha potency mwa abambo.
Contraindication
Mochenjera, katsitsumzukwa amayenera kudyedwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lodana ndi chinthucho. Medical contraindication amagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda am'mimba: ndimmimba chilonda ndi duodenal chilonda, komanso chiopsezo cha impso miyala.
Asparagus
Pali zakudya zambiri zomwe zimaphatikizapo katsitsumzukwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ma rhizomes, mphukira ndi zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala.
Asparagus amatchedwa "chakudya cha mafumu." M'zaka za zana la 17, ku France, a King Louis XIV adalamula kuti amange nyumba yapadera yomwe idakulitsa chaka chonse. Ndipo a Louis XV adakondwera ndi nsonga za mapanga ndi chisangalalo asanakayendere chipinda cha Marquise de Pompadour.
Pophika
Msuzi wosenda amakonzedwa kuchokera ku katsitsumzukwa, amawonjezeredwa ku mbale zam'mbali, zophika. Komabe, njira yodziwika kwambiri yophika ndikuphika. Kuti muchite izi, mumakhala miphika yayikulu yapamwamba yokhala ndi mauna omwe amaikidwa mkati.
Kanema: momwe mungaphikire mafuta oyera a katsamba
Asparagus ndi yabwino komanso yotentha, monga njira yayikulu komanso mbale yakumbuyo. Uwu ndiye masamba okhawo omwe malamulo amakhalidwe abwino amakulolani kudya ndi manja anu, osagwiritsa ntchito cutlery.
Zithunzi Zithunzi: Zakudya za Asparagus
- Asparagus yokazinga mu chisakanizo cha batala ndi mafuta a maolivi
- Asparagus imawonjezeredwa ku saladi
- Msuzi wosenda wopangidwa kuchokera ku katsitsumzukwa
- Stew katsitsumzukwa ndi masamba ena
- Wophika katsitsumzukwa ndi sosi yophika
Njira yosungidwa kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali ya sparagus ndi kuzizira. Kwa izi, mphukira zosambitsidwa zimathiridwa ndimadzi otentha kwa mphindi zitatu, ndikuponyedwa mu colander ndipo nthawi yomweyo amathira ndi madzi ozizira. Kenako amaikidwa m'matumba apulasitiki ndi kutumizidwa mufiriji.
Kanema: momwe angayikire katsabola mu poto
Mu wowerengeka mankhwala
Ochiritsa achikhalidwe amagwiritsa ntchito katsitsumzukwa ngati chithokomiro champhamvu cha kukomoka, edema yam'munsi, komanso mavuto pokodza. Pazifukwa izi, konzekerani decoction wa rhizomes (1:10).
Asparagus rhizomes ali ndi mphamvu okodzetsa.
Ku India ndi China, amagwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa zipatso za chofooka, kuti achepetse mkaka, monga osokoneza. Zipatso zisanu zatsopano zimatsanulidwa ndi 250 ml ya madzi otentha ndikuzikakamiza mu thermos kwa maola 8-10. Ndiye zosefera ndi kutenga 18 g kanayi pa tsiku.
Ku China, zipatso za katsitsumzukwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiritsa kusabala
Asparagus ndiwokongola kwa aliyense - ndiwotsekemera, wathanzi komanso wathanzi. M'minda yazabwinobwino, imabzalidwe ndi zokongoletsera. Komabe, katsitsumzukwa kamayeneranso kusamalidwa ngati chinthu chopatsa mavitamini chokhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zama kalori. Kupatula apo, sizothandiza pachabe kuti imakhala ndi dzina lonyada - masamba achifumu.
