Mbewu yayikulu, zipatso zazikulu ndi zokoma, osamalira pang'ono - zonsezi ndi za raspberries a Atlant. The wosakanizidwa wakula ngati chaka chilichonse mbewu, ndiye kuti, kupeza yophukira pa mphukira za chaka chamawa. Pali vutobe - iyi ndi mitundu yanthawi yapakatikati, kumadera akumpoto ndi Siberia ilibe nthawi yopereka mbewu zonse zomwe zalembedwa.
Nkhani ya Rasipiberi Atlant
Raspberry Atlant ndi amene adachokera kubungwe lotsogola la dziko lino, Pulofesa I.V. Kazakov (1937-2011). Wasayansiyu adapanga chitukuko chofunikira kwambiri pankhani yazachilengedwe a mabulosi, adapanga thumba lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi la chinangwa. Ivan Vasilievich ndiye mlembi wazakanizo 30 zomwe zidakhala maziko a dziko la Russia. Pakati pawo, woyamba pamsonkhano wamakina: Balsamu, Brigantine, Sputnitsa. Amaphatikiza kuphatikiza kwakukulu (mpaka 10 t / ha) pokana zinthu zingapo zopsinjika (matenda, tizirombo, nyengo yovuta) ndipo mwa izi sizisonyeza mdziko lapansi.
Kanema: Zowonetsedwa ndi I. V. Kazakov za raspberries achikhalidwe cha ku Russia
Anali Kazakov yemwe adapanga njira yatsopano yosankhira zoweta - rasipiberi wa mtundu wokonza. Adapanga mitundu yoyamba mu Russian Federation yomwe imabala zipatso kumapeto kwa chilimwe - koyambilira kwa nyundo kumapeto kwa chaka chamawa. Rasipiberi wamtunduwu umapezeka chifukwa cha interspecific hybridization. Kupanga ndi 15-18 t / ha, kulemera kwa mabulosi amodzi kumakhala 8-9 g. Zophatikiza zowongolera zimasinthidwa mosiyanasiyana nyengo zosiyanasiyana, mtengo wotsika pokonza. Gawoli limaphatikizapo raspberries Atlant. Omwe alimi ku Amateur ndi alimi amutcha ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya Kazakov.
Rasipiberi Atlant ndi zochititsa chidwi antchito zokolola zabwino
Kulembetsa ku Atlanta mu State Register of Kuswana Achibweretsedwe kunaperekedwa nthawi yonse yomwe wolemba anali moyo, mu 2010, koma anaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wogwirizana kokha mu 2015, atayesedwa mosiyanasiyana. Wosakanizidwa wavomerezedwa kuti ulimidwe kumadera onse a Russia. Pali ndemanga za wamaluwa omwe amalima bwino rasipiberi ku Belarus ndi Ukraine.
Kufotokozera kwa Atlant Hybrid
Pali zabwino zambiri pamafotokozedwe a rasipiberiwa omwe angakayikire zowona zake. Komabe, ndemanga zambiri pamabwalo, kuphatikizapo kuthokoza Kazakov chifukwa cha chosakanizika chotere, amasesa kusakhulupirika konse ndikuyambitsa chidwi chofuna kugula mbande za Atlant ndikulima m'munda wawo.
Awa ndi nthawi yayitali akukonzanso haibridi. Zipatso zimayamba kuyimba theka lachiwiri la Ogasiti, zipatso zimakulitsidwa, zimatha mpaka chisanu. Zipatso ndi zazikulupo (kupitirira 3 cm kutalika), zopindika kapena zamtundu wa trapezoidal, zolumikizidwa, kulemera kulikonse kumakhala pafupifupi 5 g, kutalika kumafika mpaka 9 g. Mbewu za Drupe zimalumikizidwa zolimba, zipatsozo sizimatha kutenthidwa, kusungidwa mosavuta kuchotseka, ndikutha kudulidwa. mapesi.
Ma raspberries Atlas ali ndi drupe yaying'ono, yolumikizidwa mwamphamvu, zipatsozo sizimatha kukolola
Makhalidwe omwe Atlas adakondedwa ndi alimi:
- zokolola zambiri (pafupifupi 17 t / ha);
- zipatso zochulukitsa, zotengeka;
- mawonekedwe okongola ndi kukoma kwa rasipiberi kumakopa makasitomala, zipatso za Atlanta zimagulidwa koyamba pakati pa rasipiberi ena;
- njira yotuta makina ingagwiritsidwe ntchito;
- samapereka zochulukitsa zochulukirapo, zomwe zimathandizira kusamalira mbewu.
Zachidziwikire, makhalidwe omwewa ndi osangalatsa kwa wamaluwa wamaluwa. Koma amatha kuwonjezera: pa banja limodzi, baka 4-5 ndikokwanira kupeza zipatso zatsopano ndikukolola nyengo yachisanu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mphukira za Atlanta zimapatsa nthambi zotsogola, ndipo sizikula ndi chikwapu chimodzi, ngati mitundu ina yambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, nthambi za zipatso zimawoneka masentimita 15-20 kuchokera pansi ndikuphimba mphukira yonse, yomwe kutalika kwake, panjira, siyoposa masentimita 160. Zotsatira zake, zipatsozo sizomangika pamtunda wokha, komanso kutalika konse kwa tsinde lirilonse.
Mu Atlas raspberries, zipatso zimapezeka pafupi kutalika konse kwa mphukira, osati kumtunda kokha
Pazifukwa zomwezo, raspberries Atlant safuna trellis. Mphukira zobiriwira zimakonda kugwa, koma bwino bwino chifukwa cha nthambi zakumbuyo, osagona pansi osakhudza pansi. Pali minga, koma imapezeka kumapeto kwenikweni kwa chitsamba. Mafuta awa samadwala kapena kuzizira pazifukwa chimodzi zosavuta. Asayansi amalimbikitsa kudula mphukira zonse mu kugwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe kanthu koliumitsa. Kudulira ndi kuwotcha kwa ziwalo zonse za mlengalenga ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yolimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Chapakatikati, mphukira zatsopano komanso zathanzi zimamera kuchokera pamizu yopukutidwa.
Kanema: Kuwunika kwa Raspberry Atlant
Zowonadi, pali zolakwika, zidapezeka ndi eni Atlanta. Wosakanizidwa amalimbana ndi chilala, koma zipatso zokhala ndi chinyezi zimakhala zochepa komanso zowutsa mudyo. Kumwera kwa Russia, zidadziwika kuti zipatso zakupsa kwambiri pamoto wambiri komanso kuthirira kwabwino, sizingatheke kuzisonkhanitsa. Mid-msimu wosakanizidwa sakhala woyenera kwambiri zigawo zaulimi wambiri, kumene zipatso zoyambirira zimachitika kale kumapeto kwa Ogasiti - Seputembala. Pamenepo Atlant ilibe nthawi yowonetsa zokolola zake. Chingwe china chomwe chatchulidwa ndi okonda ulimi wachilengedwe omwe sazindikira mankhwala ophera tizilombo: tizirombo timabzalidwa zipatso zakupsa zomwe zakhala zikupachika nthambi nthawi yayitali. Mwinanso chifukwa ndikuti mu kugwa samayendetsa kudulira kwa mphukira zonse.
Wamaluwa akuti zipatso zosayipa zimamera ku Atlanta, zimabalalika kukhala ziphokoso, mphukira zimakula mpaka 2 m, kugona pansi, ndikufuna ndikukulangizeni kuti mugule mbande kwina. Ngati chomera chomwe chilandiracho chilibe katundu chomwe chikufotokozedwa kuchokera ku State Record, zikutanthauza kuti si mitundu kapena mtundu wosakanizidwa womwe dzina lake adagulitsa panthawi yogulitsa. Ndipo simunapusitsidwe mwadala. Tsoka ilo, ngakhale ophatikiza akuluakulu komanso otchuka nthawi zina amakhazikitsanso mbewu zonse ziwiri.
Muli kubzala ndi kukula kwa raspberries Atlant
Kutsetsereka kwa Atlanta sikusiyana ndi wakale:
- Sankhani malo owala ndi dzuwa pa rasipiberi.
- Bwezerani nthaka, ndikupanga 1 m²: humus - zidebe za 1.5-2 ndi phulusa lamatabwa - 0,5 l.
- Pangani mabowo molingana ndi kukula kwa mizu, iduleni ndi madzi okhazikika ndikubzala mbande. Osazika khosi mizu.
Kutalika kwa njira - kokulirapo, ndizabwino. Tchire la Atlanta limakhala ndi mphukira 5-7, koma zimakhala nthambi, zimakhala zowuma. Danga lililonse limafika mainchesi awiri. Ndi chiwembu cha 2x2 m, mudzatha kufikira chomera chilichonse kuchokera mbali iliyonse, mphukira zonse zidzayatsidwa bwino komanso kupumira. Pankhani ya haibridi iyi, ndibwino kuwabzala mbande zochepa, koma kuwapatsa malo ambiri. Atlas zikomo kwambiri chifukwa cha kuwolowa manja koteroko.
Mbeu iliyonse ya Atlanta imadzakula kukhala chitsamba chobiriwira mpaka 2 mamilimita
Ndikosavuta kusamalira ma raspberries achire kuposa mitundu wamba yomwe imabala zipatso pachaka ziwiri. Mumamasulidwa ku mapangidwe. Mphukira zochepa zonse zomwe zimamera kuchokera m'nthaka zimapatsa zipatso pofika nthawi yophukira. Palibenso chifukwa chothanirana ndi kukula kwambiri, sikuti kulibe. Mukugwa, simuyenera kudziwa: ndi mpikisano uti womwe ndi wakale kudula, komanso watsopano, ndipo uyenera kusiyidwa.
Chisamaliro cha Atlant chimaphatikizapo:
- Kuthirira. Mabasi nthawi yomweyo amatentha nyengo yotentha osathirira, akumangira zipatso zazing'ono komanso zotsika mtengo. Munthawi yowuma, madzi osachepera 2 pa sabata, pomwe nthaka ikufunika kuti inyowezedwe ndikuzama masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Ndikwabwino kuyika dongosolo lachiwongola. Sungani timipata pansi pa mulch.
- Mavalidwe apamwamba. Kuti mupange mbewu zochuluka chonchi, mumafunikira chakudya:
- Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yophukira kapena mochedwa yophukira, mulch pansi pamtchire ndi humus kapena kompositi.
- Pamene mphukira ikuyamba kukula mwachangu, ikani madzi amu nayitrogeni okhala ndi mavalidwe apamwamba: kulowetsedwa kwa mullein, zitosi za mbalame, namsongole.
- Munthawi ya budding ndi maluwa, mapangidwe ake okoma ndi zipatso zokongola adzafunika potaziyamu ndi kufufuza zinthu. Gulani zosakaniza zovuta za mabulosi omwe ali ndi zinthu izi (Agricola, tsamba Loyera, Fertika, Gumi-Omi, ndi zina). Mutha kuchita ndi phulusa la nkhuni: dothi ndi dothi, kumasula ndi kutsanulira.
- Mu nthawi yophukira, pangani zozungulira poyambira 15 cm mozungulira tchire chilichonse ndikuwaza superphosphate - 1 tbsp. l kuthengo. Sungani poyambira.
- Pogona pa masamba ophukira madera ozizira. Ngati zipatso za Atlanta ziyamba kuyimba kokha mu Seputembala, ndipo kuzizira kukuyandikira, kukhazikitsa arcs ndikukoka pazovala. Mutha kuchita izi kasupe kuti mupititse patsogolo kukula kwa mphukira. Popanda malo okhala, mwachitsanzo, kudera la Novosibirsk, wosakanizidwa alibe nthawi yopereka theka la zokolola zake.
- Kudulira. Ndi isanayambike chisanu, dulani mphukira pansi, pezani masamba onse ndi namsongole, zichotseni kunja kwa rasipiberi, ndikuwotcha. Phimbani pansi ndi mulch.
Ku Siberia, madera ena a Urals, Kumpoto ndi madera ena okhala ndi chilimwe, Atlant ikhoza kuyesedwa kuti ikule ngati masamba wamba. Kuwombera mu kugwa sikudulidwa, koma apatseni chisanu. Chilimwe chotsatira iwo adzapereka zokolola, komabe, voliyumu yake imakhala kutali kwambiri ndi chithunzi cha 17 t / ha, popeza hybrid iyi sinapangidwire ukadaulo wotere. Ngati pali chikhumbo chofuna kukulitsa rasipiberi kuti azikolola pa mphukira za chaka chino, ndiye kuti mugule mbande zamitundu yoyambirira ndi ma hybrids: Penguin, Bryansk Divo, Brilliant, etc.
Kanema: akukonza raspulosi wokonza nyengo yachisanu, kuphatikiza ndikutchetcha
Zimavomerezeka kuti kukonza mitundu ya rasipiberi kuyenera kubzala mbewu ziwiri panthawi imodzi: kasupe - pa mphukira za chaka chatha komanso kumapeto kwa chilimwe - kumapeto - pazaka. Komabe, pano izi zikusintha. Ndiyenera kuwerenga ndikusakatula zinthu zambiri zokhudzana ndi kulima, kuphatikiza ma forum, makanema, ndi ndemanga pansipa. Malinga ndi zomwe ndawona, alimi ndi akatswiri ochulukirachulukira akufika pamalingaliro akuti ndiukadaulo waulimi woterewu, zokolola zimachepetsedwa, chifukwa muzu umodzi umakakamizidwa kupereka mafunde awiri azipatso zakupsa. Koma nyengo komanso mtundu wa chisamaliro sizitithandiza nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri, nthawi ya kasupe ndi yophukira, mmalo mwa zomwe akuti ndi ma kilogalamu, zipatso zochepa ndizomwe zimamera. Masiku ano, kukonza raspulosi ayamba kulimidwa kuti akolole nyengo yokhayi yokha, amawona kuti ndikupitiliza mitundu yamalimwe yonse. Izi zikuwoneka kale mu State Record. Chifukwa chake, kufotokozera kwa Atlanta kumawonetsa kufunikira kwa kutchetcha mphukira zonse mu kugwa kuti mupeze imodzi, koma mbewu yamphamvu pa mphukira za chaka chamawa.
Kututa ndi kukonza raspberries Atlant
Kutola mbewu yonse ya Atlanta, rasipiberi amayenera kuti azichezeredwa kangapo mwezi pamwezi ndi masiku a 1-2. Ambiri wamaluwa amalingalira nthawi yayitali yakucha mophatikiza - simufunikira kukonzanso zipatso zambiri nthawi imodzi. Ntchito yonse yokolola ikhoza kuchitidwa mwakachetechete, mwachitsanzo, pang'onopang'ono, m'malo, kufungitsa zipatso, youma kapena kuphika kupanikizana. Kwa alimi, zachidziwikire, izi ndi zopanda. Zowonadi, mu msika wa malimwe wa tchire akadali chidwi, akuigulitsa mwachangu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yokolola yabwino ndi yabwino.
Mabulosi akuluakulu komanso akuthwa a Atlanta ndi oyenera kuzizira.
Cholinga chachikulu cha raspberries Atlant ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano. Inde, zipatso zake 100 g zimakhala ndi 45.1 mg wa vitamini C, pali shuga wachilengedwe (5.7%), ma acid (1.6%), ma alcohols, pectin ndi tannins, anthocyanin.
Ndemanga za rasipiberi Atlant
Ndimalakalaka kugula zinthu ngati izi kwa zaka 5 ndipo sindinakhale wosangalala kwa zaka zitatu. Mabulosi ndiwotsekemera kwambiri, mphukira zowongoka, zomwe sizimafunikira garter, zimakhala zabwino kwambiri komanso zoyamika Koma ngati palibe kuthirira, mabulosi nthawi yomweyo amakhala ochepa.
Kovalskaya Svetlana//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=8464&page=2
Kusankha ndikosangalatsa. Maluwa ndi owuma, ochotsedwa bwino paphesi, gloss, ngakhale .... kukongola! Matchera amawoneka abwino. Choyamba, amadzisankhira kumsika kenako amabwera kudzafunsa kuti: chinali chiyani chomwe mudali nacho chokoma kwambiri?! Koma sindinapweteke ndikuyesera kuzigulitsa - chilichonse kwa banja langa ndi wokondedwa wanga. Zoyakira zimadzaza ndi Atlanta.
Svetlana Vitalievna//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=8464&page=2
Ndimakonda rasipiberi, koma osati wowawasa. Mu zosunga zanga zazing'onozi pali mitundu yotere: Chilichonse cha rasipiberi: Lachka, Cascade Delight, Phenomenon remontant: Atlant, Hercules, Firebird, Zyugan, Orange Wonder, Shelf ndi Himbo Top. Mitundu yonseyi, mosatengera yokha, pamsika, mwina kupatula chozizwitsa cha Orange, chifukwa iye sanganyamule kwambiri. Hercules ndi wowawasa pang'ono, koma yokulirapo, yopanga komanso yotheka kuyendera.
Nadezhda-Belgorod//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2849
Chinthu chachikulu pakukula kwa Atlanta ndikuthirira mu nyengo yotentha ndikudula mphukira zonse mu kugwa kuti mupeze mbewu imodzi yokha, ngakhale iyi ndi haibridi yokonza. Simuyenera kuchita ndewu ndi mphukira ndi kupyapyala tchire, chifukwa mphukira 5-7 zokha zimawonekera chaka chilichonse. Kuti Atlanta ikhale ndi mphamvu zoyala ndi kukula zipatso zazikulu zambiri, imafunika kudyetsedwa.
