Colocasia ndi zitsamba zachilendo kwambiri pamitengo yathu, ndipo masamba ake ataliatali atalimatika pansi. Amakhala munkhalango zotentha, makamaka ku Asia, komanso zimapezeka m'maiko ena. Colocasia amadziwika kuti ndiwopatsa chidwi pakati pathu ndipo sanafikebe kutchuka kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri colocasia mu chithunzi amawonetsedwa pafupi ndi munthu, ndipo pepalalo limatha kufalikira kuchokera pansi mpaka pachibwano. Kunyumba, chomeracho chimakhala chamtengo wapatali cha tubers chopatsa thanzi kuposa mawonekedwe ake okongola.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Colocasia ndi therere losatha lomwe ndi la banja la Aroid. Imakhala ndi nthangala yopyapyala yokhala ndi ma tubers ambiri. Mizu ya Oblong yokhala ndi mauta owoneka ngati ma penti imapakidwa utoto wowoneka bwino ndipo imayamikiridwa kwambiri kuphika. Amakhala ndi wowuma kwambiri komanso ma microelement othandiza. Kudya kumatheka pokhapokha ngati mankhwala atentha.
Colocasia ilibe tsinde; duwa losanja lamasamba limafota pansi ndi petioles. Masamba amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a mtima kapena chithokomiro komanso mawonekedwe osalala. Mitsempha yothandizira imawoneka bwino papepala. Nthawi zina amakhala ndi mtundu wosiyana. Masamba amatha kujambulika pamtundu uliwonse wobiriwira, komanso utoto wamtambo kapena wamtambo. Kukula kwa petiole ndi tsamba kumakulira pamene colocasia imakula. Mu chomera chachikulire, petiole imatha kufika mita imodzi, ndi makulidwe a masentimita 1-2. Tsamba limakhala lalitali masentimita 80 ndi 70 cm.
Maluwa akakula kunyumba samapangidwa nthawi zambiri ndipo sawoneka okongola. Chomera chimatulutsa inflorescence mu mawonekedwe ngati makutu okhala pamunsi. Mtundu wa inflorescence ndi mchenga kapena wowala, wachikaso. Pambuyo pakuvunda, mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono ofiira kapena malalanje. Mkati mwa chipatso pali mbewu zazing'ono zambiri.
Mitundu ya colocasia
Mu genolo colocasia adalemba mitundu 8 yokha. Kwenikweni, awa ndi mbewu zazing'onoting'ono zoyenera kukula m'malo obiriwira komanso zipinda zazikulu. Wopambana weniweni ndi chimphona colocasia. Zoyambira zake zimatha kutalika mamita 3. Masamba olimba okwanira okhala ndi mitsempha yovunda amapentedwa mu zobiriwira zakuda. Tsamba lililonse limatalika masentimita 80 ndipo mulifupi masentimita 70. Khutu lomwe limakhala pamtunda wakuda kwambiri limakhala lalitali masentimita 20. Mapulogalamu okhala ndi mawonekedwe a Turnip amakhala pamizu.
Edzi colocasia (imatinso "yakale", "dashin" ndi "taro") imapanga tubers zazikulu zambiri ndipo imakulidwa ngati chophukira. Kulemera kwa ma tubers akulu kwambiri ndi 4 kg. Amachita masamba ndi zimayambira zimadyedwanso. Pa petiole yotalika mamitala pali tsamba loumbika mtima lalitali masentimita 70 ndi mainchesi 50. M'mphepete mwa masamba obiriwira owala pang'ono.
Kutengera ndikuwona, mawonekedwe amachokera "magic magic colocasia", imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wakuda, wakuda bii wa mphukira zapadziko lapansi.
Madzi colocasia amakhala m'mphepete mwa madzi abwino ndipo nthawi zambiri amawona kusefukira kwa mizu. Mitundu yamtundu wofiirira imakhala yofiirira ndipo imatalika mamita 1.5. Masamba obiriwira amitima obiriwira otalika ndi 40 cm ndi 20 cm.
Colocasia ndi yabodza - Chomera chophatikizika kwambiri, chomwe chimatchedwanso "colocasia yamkati." Kutalika kwambiri kwa mphukira zake ndi masentimita 50. Masamba ake ndiotalika 30 cm ndi 20 cm mulifupi.
Njira zolerera
Colocasia imafalikira pogawa mizu ndikubzala tubers. Pogwira ntchito ndi chomera, ndikofunikira kusamala, chifukwa msuzi watsopano umakwiyitsa khungu. Ndikwabwino kuti muzichita ndi magolovesi onse.
Kufalikira kwa mbewu pakati panjira ndiyovuta komanso yosagwira. Mbewu zazing'ono zimabzalidwa mumphika wonyowa peat nthaka yakuya pafupifupi 5 mm. Chombocho chimakutidwa ndi kanema ndikusungidwa pamalo owala ndi otentha. Kutentha kwakukulu ndi + 22 ... + 24 ° C. Kuwombera kumaonekera mkati mwa masabata 1-3.
Mukawokedwa kuchokera ku chomera chachikulire, tubers zingapo zimasiyanitsidwa. Amayikidwa kwathunthu mu dothi lonyowa, lopepuka komanso wokutidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu. Pakupita milungu iwiri, mphukira zoyambirira zidzawonekera, ndipo patatha masiku ena 10 mutha kuchotsa pogona.
Chomera chachikulu chimatha kudulidwa mzidutswa zingapo. Pa tsamba lililonse, masamba okula 1-2 azikhala. Colocasia imadulidwa ndi tsamba lakuthwa ndikuwazidwa makala. Delenka nthawi yomweyo amabzalidwa mumchenga wonyowa wa peat ndikusiyidwa m'malo otentha. Zomera zimachitika mosavuta, patatha masabata 1-2 mbewu imayamba kupanga masamba atsopano.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa colocasia ndikosavuta. Ndikokwanira kusankha malo abwino ndikuthirira madzi nthawi ndi nthawi. Mukakula m'nyumba, sipafunikira nthawi yopuma komanso imakhala yokongola chaka chonse. Kukongola kwakukuluku kuyenera kugawa malo osachepera 1 m² aulere. Colocasia imasowa masana. M'nyumba, sililekerera dzuwa mwachindunji, koma poyera limalekerera ngakhale kutentha kwambiri. M'mundamo, colocasia amamva bwino m'madzuwa kapena mumthunzi wocheperako. Kutentha kwenikweni ndi + 22 ... + 26 ° C.
Popeza colocasia imalumikizana ndi chinyezi mwachilengedwe, iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi. Pakathirira madzi akumwa ofunda. Nthaka ya chomera imalimbikitsidwa kuti isaswidwe nthawi ndi nthawi. Ndikofunikanso kukonza ngalawa zokhala ndi timiyala tonyowa kapena dongo lotukulidwa.
Colocasia imadyetsedwa nthawi yonseyi kukula. Zomera zamkati zimachulukitsidwa kawiri pamwezi ndi zovuta zamafuta. Zabodza zakunja zimafunika feteleza m'modzi pakadutsa masiku 25-30.
Ngakhale colocasia yayikulu imatha kutengedwa kumunda kumapeto. Amasiyidwa m'machubu kapena kuikidwira panja, komwe amakhala osangalala nyengo isanazizire. Kutentha kwakunja kukayamba kutsika mpaka + 12 ° C, mbewuyo imakumbidwanso. Mutha kudula masamba ndi kusungapo tubers zokha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala zatsopano mu April.
Colocasia imasinthidwa mobera, pomwe phokoso limakula. Poto imasankhidwa nthawi yayikuru, yokhala ndi mainchesi ndi kuya kwa masentimita 50. Podzala, gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo cha magawo ofanana:
- dziko la turf;
- humus;
- peat;
- mchenga.
Njira zopewera kupewa ngozi
Colocasia ndi woopsa. Madzi atsopano pakhungu angayambitse kutentha kwambiri. Mukamadya kachidutswa kakang'ono ka tsamba kapena gawo lina la chomera, chotupa cha pakhosi chimayamba, kuyaka kwambiri komanso kupweteka. Ngati mungakumane ndi zoopsa, funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Chisamaliro chikuyenera kutengedwa kuti nyama ndi ana asayandikire zomera zokongola, koma zowopsa. Ngakhale mitundu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kudyedwa pambuyo poyambira kapena kuphika.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Mavuto ambiri amakhudzana ndikusamalidwa bwino kwa colocasia:
- Ngati masamba ayamba kutembenuka chikasu ndikuchepera, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imalandira chinyezi chosakwanira;
- mawonekedwe a mawanga owuma angasonyeze kuwotcha kwa toyesa zamkati;
- ngati mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana itaya kuwala, ndiye kuti mbewuyo ilibe kuwala kokwanira.
Ndi chosowa kwambiri kupeza mawonekedwe a kangaude, scutellum kapena aphid pa colocasia. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo nthawi yomweyo. Pambuyo pa masabata 1-2, muyenera kukonzanso.
