Pisonia ndi chomera chokongoletsera, chobiriwira chomwe chimachokera ku banja la Niktaginovy. Dziko lakwawo ndi zilumba za New Zealand ndi Australia, zomwe zimapezekanso ku Mauritius. M'dziko lathu, imakulidwa ngati chomera, ndikupanga zitsamba zowuma, zotumphuka. Ochita maluwa amasangalala kudziwa kuti kusamalira ntchentche sikovuta konse, ndipo mawonekedwe okongola samasiyira aliyense chidwi.
Makhalidwe a botanical
Duwa la pisonia limakhala losatha. Mtengowo uli ndi mpweya wamphamvu komanso mphukira yayikulu. Akuwombera mwamphamvu nthambi kuchokera pansi ndipo mwachangu, ndi yokutidwa ndi khungwa lakuda. Kutalika kwa chomera chamkati cha munthu wamkulu kumatha kufika mamita awiri ndi kupingasa kwa mita 1. M'chilengedwe chake mumakhala zofanizira mpaka 6 m. Kukula kwapachaka ndizochepa, nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 4-5 cm.
Masamba amapezeka pafupifupi kutalika konse kwa tsinde. Amakhala ndi phesi lalifupi kwambiri kapena samachita nkomwe. Makatani amtundu wa ovoid kapena mawonekedwe ozungulira amapindika kumalire. M'mbali mwa masamba pang'ono wavy. Kutalika kwa masamba kungafikire 25 cm, ndipo m'lifupi - 10 cm. Mitsempha yothandizira imawoneka bwino pamtunda wa masamba. Zomera ndizobiriwira zowoneka bwino; mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi mikwingwirima yoyera kapena mawanga imapezekanso.
Nthawi yamaluwa a pisonia imagwera pa June-Julayi. Panthambi zachichepere, masamba obwera otuwa a maluwa oyera ambiri amaoneka. Maluwa ndi ochepa, motero samakopa chidwi ngati masamba okongola. Pamapeto pa maluwa, zipatso zazing'ono mumtundu wa pods zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi mbewu zimatha kumangirizidwa. Ndizachilendo kuti mitundu ina ya pisonia ili ndi zipatso zomata. Amatha kumamatira osati tizilombo tokha, komanso mbalame zazing'ono. Mwa izi, pisonia kudziko lakwawo amatchedwa chomera mbalame.
Mtundu wa pisonia, mitundu 50 yalembedwa. Onsewa ndiotali. Kuti mukulitse chitsamba m'nyumba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chubu chapansi komanso kumadulira nthawi zonse.
Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mchikhalidwe ambulera ya pisonia. Ndi chitsamba ngati mtengo mpaka 5 m kutalika ndi masamba akulu oblong. Masamba amatengedwa pang'ono ma whorls pa mphukira zazing'ono. Tsambalo ndilotalika 20-25 masentimita ndipo mulifupi ndi 5-10 cm.
Ojambula maluwa amakonda kulima zokongoletsera zamtunduwu - pisonia anosgata. Kukula kwake sikuposa 1 mita kutalika, ndipo masamba amakhala ndi mitundu yokongola. Mikwingwirima kapena mikwingwirima sizipezeka kawirikawiri pamasamba. Mitundu ya mawanga, yokhala ndi mabwinja ndiyofala. Pa achinyamata masamba obiriwira oyera masamba. Popita nthawi, kusintha koyera kukhala kirimu ndi chikasu.
Pisonia ndi wamkulu Ndi mtengo wotambalala mpaka mamita 20. Makungwa osalala owoneka bwino amakhala ndi thunthu ndi nthambi. Pa mphukira zazing'onoting'ono pali maluwa obzala masamba ambiri. Mawonekedwe owonda, ngati masamba pepala ndi kutalika kwa 7-25 cm. Kutalika kwa ma pod a cylindrical ndi 1.5-2,5 cm.
Kuswana pisonia
Kubalana kwa pisonia kumachitika ndi njere komanso njira zamasamba. Komabe, kubereka mbewu kumatheka kokha mu chilengedwe. Pisonia wam'nyumba umafalitsidwa bwino ndi mizu yodula mizu. Zodulidwa zimadulidwa kuchokera ku nthambi za apical kapena kuchokera pakati pa korona. Zoyambazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zinthu zokongoletsa bwino, ndipo zomalizazi ndizosavuta kuzisintha ndikuzika mizu.
Zigawo zomwe zili ndi 2-3 internodes zimabzalidwa mumsuzi wonyowa wa peat ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mizu moyenera kumafunikira chinyezi chowonjezeka ndi kutentha (+ 21 ... +22 ° C). Njira yodzala mizu imatenga pafupifupi milungu itatu. Ndi kubwera kwa masamba achichepere, mbande zitha kuziika mosamala m'miphika ingapo. Tsopano akula ngati mbewu zachikulire, ndipo amakula mwachangu korona.
Zosamalidwa
Pisonia mu chisamaliro ndi untretentious, imasinthana mosavuta ndi chilengedwe. Ndikosavuta kuwononga mbewu, koma kuti musunge kukongola, muyenera kutsatira malamulo angapo kuti muzisamalira pakhomo.
Pisonia amafunikira tsiku lalitali ndikuwala kosiyanasiyana. Ndilabwino kwambiri kuyiyika m'chipinda chomwe chili ndi mawindo akum'mawa kapena kumadzulo. Kuchepetsa kuwala kuchokera pakulunjika kwa dzuwa kumalimbikitsidwa masana, apo ayi kuwotcha kumawoneka pamasamba. Ndikusowa kwa kuwala, zopendeketsa za mitundu ina zimataya maonekedwe ake a mabo.
Kutentha kwampweya wabwino kwambiri kwa pisonia ndi + 18 ... +20 ° C. M'nyengo yotentha, mudzalowetsa mchipindacho nthawi zambiri, ndikuchotsa chomera mumtsinje. Sakuyenera kupereka nthawi yopumira, koma nthawi yozizira imaloledwa kufikira + 16 ... +18 ° C. M'chilimwe, mutha kutulutsa miphika pamalo otetezedwa kapena m'munda, ndikofunikira kusankha malo opanda phokoso osakonzekera.
Kuthirira pisonia kuyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zambiri, koma m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Nthaka yonyowa kwambiri ikhoza kuyambitsa mizu. Kuyanika nthawi zambiri kumangoperekedwa kokha ndi kumtunda kwa dziko lapansi. Ndikusowa chinyezi, masamba nthawi yomweyo amayamba kugwa.
Pisonia nthawi zambiri imakhalapo chinyezi chilichonse. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kapena kusamba pansi pa shawa yabwino kumaloledwa. Fumbi silimangowononga mawonekedwe okongola a mbewuyo, komanso limasokoneza kupumira. Pambuyo pakusamba, madzi sayenera kudziunjikira m'nthaka.
Kuti pisonia ikule bwinobwino, pamafunika kuthira umuna kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala. Zovala zapadera za zokongoletsera, mbewu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimawonjezeredwa kumadzi kawiri pamwezi. Mlingo umawerengeredwa malinga ndi malangizo.
Dongosolo la pisonia limakula mwachangu ndipo limafuna malo ambiri, kotero amawazika kamodzi pa zaka 1-3. Podzala, sankhani mphika wakuya komanso waukulu, masentimita 78 kukula kuposa woyamba. Kwa mitengo yaying'ono, machubu pansi kapena mabokosi ndi othandiza. Pansi pa thankiyo muli ndi dongo lokumbika, miyala kapena miyala yophwanyika. Dothi lodzala ndi mizu limayikidwa pamwamba pa ngalandeyo ndipo malo aulere amadzazidwa ndi dothi latsopano.
Pobzala pisonia, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi losadulira chilengedwe mosaloĊµeka kapena pang'ono asidi. Mutha kupanga nokha dothi losakaniza ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- pepala lapansi;
- dziko la turf;
- peat;
- decusuous humus;
- mchenga.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Mosasamala, pisonia amatha kudwala mizu. Ndikofunikira kusamutsa mbewuyo kuchipinda chouma ndikuchepetsa kuthirira. Nthaka amathandizidwa ndi yankho la fungicide. Nthawi zina zizindikiro za ufa wa powdery zimawonekera pamasamba ndi mphukira. Kuthana ndi izi kudzakuthandizani pochiza matenda a msingi.
Masamba okhathamira, ofewa a pisonia amakonda nthata za akangaude, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kupindika ndi mealybug. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za kutenga kachilomboka, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi zomerazi pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo (kalbofos, actellic). Chithandizocho chimabwerezedwa pakatha sabata kuti tipewe kutenga matenda.
