Chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha kusintha kwabwino kwa zomera zamasamba m'nyumba mwathu ndi nthumwi ya zomera zobiriwira kapena zobiriwira za banja la Verbenov - klerodendrum, yomwe imakonda kwambiri malo ogulitsira, omwe angasamalidwe m'nyumba.
Mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, klerodendrum nthawi zina imatchedwa "mtengo wa cholinga", kotero dzina lake limamasuliridwa, kapena "volkameria", monga duwa limatchedwa kaleen.
Mukudziwa? Kuwona maluwa a Clemodendrum Thomson - mtima wofiira kutsutsana ndi maluwa oyera a maluwa omwe asanakhalepo, mumamvetsetsa momwe dzina lina linayambira - "chikondi chosayera".
Mafotokozedwe ndi zinthu zamoyo
Mbalameyi imamera kudera lakutentha kwa Asia, Latin America, Africa. Mitengo imeneyi ndi yamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha zokongoletsera zawo, chifukwa cha masamba obiriwira obiriwira, omwe amawombera, komanso makamaka - maluwa ambiri.
Maluwa a klerodendrum amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences monga mawonekedwe a panicles, maburashi, zikopa, mitundu yambiri yazomwe amakhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, maluwa obiriwira okongola omwe ali ndi masamba obiriwira, omwe ali ndi maluwa oyera onunkhira ndi a pinki, omwe amatha kufalikira mkatikati mwa chaka. Kapena kukula kwa Uganda kofulumira, mapepala ake a buluu ndi ofiirira, okhala ndi ziphuphu zooneka ngati zofiira.
Mukudziwa? Kufanana kwa maluwa ndi agulugufe ndi chinyengo cha chikoka chokoka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: njenjete zimanyamula mungu kuchokera ku maluwa kupita ku maluwa, kuganiza kuti izi ndi akazi a mtundu wawo.
Timapanga malo abwino kwambiri m'nyumba kuti tipeze mitengo yozizira.
Pakati pa klerodendrum pali mitundu yodzichepetsa, koma ambiri a chikhalidwe chawo amaimira kuwala, kutentha, chinyezi, nthaka ndi kuthirira.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Kubwera kuchokera ku rainforests, clerodendrum imakonda kwambiri mokwanira mokwanira, koma kuwala kosiyana. Mu nthawi ya kukula mwakhama ndifunika kwambiri. Ngati mawindo a chipindacho akuyang'ana chakummwera, maluwawo amawombera nthawi ya chilimwe, ngati ali kumpoto - muyenera kuganizira za kuyatsa.
Kupanda kuunikira ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimachititsa kuti chilengedwecho chisasinthe. Mu nthawi ya mpumulo, duwa likhoza kuikidwa pamalo ndi kuwala kosavuta.
Mukudziwa? Kum'mwera cha Kum'maŵa kwa Asia, malo ochiritsira amatchulidwa ndi masamba a clerodendrum, ndipo ku Roma wakale, chomera ichi chinaperekedwa kwa Venus, mulungu wamkazi wachikondi ndi kukongola.Mphukira za mitundu ina imakula kufika mamita 3, kotero muyenera kusamalira chithandizo kwa iwo. Ngati mpesa uli pafupi ndi khoma, ukhoza kukoka nsomba yolimba kapena waya wochuluka. Mu mphika wothandizira, mukhoza kuikapo wapadera, kuphatikizapo mapulogalamu okongoletsera, mapulasitiki kapena zipangizo zachilengedwe. Amatha kusankhidwa m'masitolo ndi madera kwa wamaluwa. Mitengo yokongola yomwe imapanga miphika yowonongeka ikuwoneka yosangalatsa.
Mavuto otentha
Kutentha kwabwino kwambiri m'chilimwe ndi 18 mpaka 25 madigiri, pamene duwa nthawi yonse yopuma imakhala yozizira. Pakati pa November mpaka March ndi 15-17 madigiri (masamba obiriwira).
Ngati kutentha kwachisanu ndi kotsika, chomera sichidzafika ku malo a mpumulo, ndipo sichidzatha pachimake. Pa kutentha pansi pa madigiri 12, zomera zimatha kufa.
Zapadera za chisamaliro cha kunyumba
Pofuna kuteteza kukongola kwa zomera zomwe zimakula mofulumira panyumba, ndikofunika kusunga zinthu zotsatirazi powasamalira:
- Kukhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira mu nthaka ndi mpweya;
- kondwera;
- chokonza korona;
- kuika nthawi zonse.
Ndikofunikira! Mbalameyi imayankha kusintha kwa nyengo, kusunthira kuchoka ku malo olimbikira kupita ku malo opuma. Mbali imeneyi imakhudzanso chisamaliro chake.
Kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira
Madzi maluwa monga nthaka dries. Zowonongeka:
- Musalole nthaka kuti iume, iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono.
- Chitetezeni madzi kuti akuwe kwa maola 24.
- Kutsikira kutentha, osachepera amafunika kuthirira zomera, pafupifupi 1 masiku 3-4.
- Mu nyengo yozizira dormancy madzi amamwetsa kawirikawiri komanso ndi madzi pang'ono.
- Pakati pa maluwa, kuchulukitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwonjezeka kwa kuthirira.
- Pamapeto pake maluwa amathiridwe pang'ono.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Kuti mukhale ndi ubwino wa chinyezi, kupopera mbewu kwa maluwa kumachitika nthawi zonse, nthawi yonse yotentha nyengo yogwiritsa ntchito madzi osungunuka. Kutentha kumatuluka, madzi amafunika kutsukidwa.
- Pa kutentha pamwamba pa madigiri 22 ndipo palibe mvula, zomera zimaperedwa kwambiri tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Mu chonyowa ndi nyengo yozizira, masamba amawathira 1 nthawi mu masiku 2-3.
- Kwa nthawi yotsalayo, zomera zimachotsedwa pa zipangizo zotentha, koma nthawi zonse zimapatsidwa sprayed.
Ndikofunikira! Dulani masamba madzulo, dzuwa lisanalowe. Izi zikugwirizana ndi mame a mlengalenga.
Feteleza
Pakati pa kukula kwachangu, maluwa, klerodendrum iyenera kusungidwa mwa kuwonjezera feteleza zamadzimadzi kwa zomera za m'nyumba mkati 1 masiku 10-15. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumasinthidwa malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha mbeu:
- Ndi masamba ambiri ndipo palibe maluwa, fetereza imachepetsedwa kwa miyezi iwiri.
- Ngati chomeracho sichinasindikizidwe, kuti lipindule nthaka ndi mchere ndi feteleza, kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba kumawonjezeka ndi osapitirira 10%.
Kudulira
Mbalameyi imapanga mavitamini okhaokha pa mphukira zazing'ono, imadulidwa kuti:
- kuchotsedwa kwa masamba wakufa, ofooka, akale, mphukira youma;
- kupereka chomera mawonekedwe okongoletsera.
Asanayambe kukula kwachangu, kumapeto kwa February - oyambirira March, akale ndi ofooka mphukira achotsedwa. Amadulidwa mpaka 5-7 mm pamwamba pa mlingo umene nkhuni zinapangidwa.
Kupanga mawonekedwe okudulira kumachitika mu kasupe kapena autumn, pamene maluwa amatha.
Mbalameyi imathamangira mofulumira komanso imakhala yovuta, yomwe imakulolani kupereka maonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Poyendetsa kukula kwawo, chitsamba chimapatsidwa wokongola kasinthidwe:
- mipanda;
- ampelous;
- mawonekedwe owoneka kapena obaya.
Mukhoza kupeza mawonekedwe a chitsamba mwa kudula nsonga za mphukira mpaka 25% kutalika kwake.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa mu nthawi yochepa
M'mwezi wotsiriza womaliza, klerodendrum imalowa mu sitepe yopumira. Inflorescences amagwa, pang'ono kapena kwathunthu chomera chitaya masamba. Panthawi imeneyi, amasamutsira ku chipinda chozizira ndikupanga nyengo yozizira:
- kutentha 14-15 madigiri;
- madzi osadziwika;
- chinyezi chodziŵika.
Mukudziwa? Klerodendrum "bezkolyuchkovy" Inerme - pamene maluwa osawoneka pakati pa mitundu ya zinyama, mosiyana, imayamba kuphulika mu November.
Kuwombera malamulo: kusankha mphika ndi nthaka
Kusindikizidwa kwa klerodendrum kumachitika chaka chilichonse, kumapeto kwa nyengo. Zilumikizidwe za maluwa atsopano okumbiramo: 2-3 masentimita mpaka kutalika ndi m'lifupi la mphika wakale.
Kujambula kwa dothi, miyala kapena shards zowonjezera za mbale za ceramic zimatsanulira pansi pa mphika. Mzere wosanjikiza - kuyambira 3 mpaka 6 masentimita.
Nthaka ikhoza kugulidwa pa sitolo ya maluwa, kuwonjezera ku 10% ya mchenga wosambitsidwa. 
Mukhoza kusakanikirana pa 25%:
- peat;
- mchenga;
- nthaka yobiriwira;
- loam.
Atayika chomera mu mphika watsopano, nthaka yokonzedwa kuti iikidwe imaphatikizidwira kwa voids, yayinganizidwa ndi kuthirira. Ngati ndi kotheka, kumizani pansi pothandizira mphukira.
Ndikofunikira! Pogulira zomera m'sitolo, kuziika kumachitika masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri (10-14), pamene chomeracho chimasinthira ku microclimate ya nyumba yatsopano.
Njira zoberekera
Maluwa amatha ndi mapangidwe a zipatso, mbewu zimabzalidwa, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pofalitsa klerodendrum. Ikhoza kuchepetsedwanso ndi cuttings.
Kulima njere ndi cuttings kumagwiritsa ntchito nthaka yogula kapena kukonzekera kusakaniza kwa mbeu wamkulu, koma popanda nthaka ya dongo. 
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Mbewu imafesedwa mu chidebe chaching'ono, chophimba 5-7 mm nthaka. Mtunda kuchokera kumtunda m'mphepete mwa thanki kufika pa mlingo wa nthaka ndi 1.5-2 masentimita.
Chidebecho chiyenera kuikidwa pamalo otentha komanso chophimbidwa ndi filimu kapena kapu yotsegulira kupanga wowonjezera kutentha. Zida zomwe zilipo zimagwirizana ndi makapu a pulasitiki kuchokera ku mkaka kapena mabokosi ophikira omwe ali ndi chivindikiro choonekera. Madzulo, mbewu zimathiriridwa ndipo zimatulutsidwa kwa mphindi 25-30, kuchotsa zovundikira.
Pambuyo masiku 45-60, mphukira zoyamba zikuwonekera. Masamba 4 enieni atapangidwa, mbande imasindikizidwa ndi kukwera mu chidebe chachikulu, 1 kapena 3. Kutalika kwa thanki - 7-12 cm, malingana ndi chiwerengero cha mphukira.
Cuttings
Pamene kudulira duwa kupanga korona kudula achinyamata okwanira mphukira. Pogwiritsa ntchito zidutswa za cuttings, mungathe kupeza kuyamwa kwa tchalitchi, kudula mbewu kumera.
Pofuna kudula mizu, amaika mu galasi ndi madzi ozizira, malo otentha, okwera bwino komanso odzola mpweya.
Ndizotheka kudzala zipatso mu nthaka, ngati mizu ndi 3-4 masentimita yaitali. Kudyedwa kwa cuttings kumaphimbidwa ndi kapu yamdima, yomwe imachotsedwa kwa theka la ora kuti liwombe. Kusindikizidwa kwa zomera zachinyamata kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yotsatira.
Ndikofunikira! Chizindikiro cha chitukuko chabwino cha mmera chidzakhala kuoneka pa cuttings wa masamba atsopano ndi mphukira. Pambuyo pake, sapling yomwe ili ndi dothi ladothi imakulungidwa mu mphika.
Njira zowononga tizirombo ndi matenda
Mbalameyi imakhala ndi tizirombo ndi matenda omwe timakhala nawo popanga nyumba.
Whitefly, kangaude - kuchokera kwa iwo amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opopera mankhwala, nthawi 4 ndi nthawi ya maola 72.
Shchitovka, mealybug - ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timasamba tizilombo toyamwa mowa 8-9%, tizilombo timachotsedwa. Ngati muli ndi matenda aakulu, tizilombo timatulutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Mame a nkhuni ndi bowa, maonekedwe ake amasonyeza kuti chomeracho chimasowa kutentha. Maluwawo amafunika kuchiritsidwa ndi kukonzekera kwa fungicide, kupita ku malo ofunda, gwiritsani madzi otentha pang'ono kuti akuwetse.
Ndikofunikira! Kutsata malangizidwe a chisamaliro, kusunga chinyezi ndi kutentha, kuziyika panthawi yake ndi kudulira kudzathandiza kuteteza matenda omera ndi kusunga kukongola kwawo.Kulemba kosiyana, mosiyana ndi mipesa ina, zizindikiro ndi zikhulupiliro zimati amatha kubweretsa mwayi ndi chimwemwe mwa chikondi. Chinthu chimodzi ndi chotsimikizika: pakufika maluwa amenewa, kukongola ndi mgwirizano zimakhazikika m'nyumba, osakondana anzanu okonda!
