Kuti chitukuko chikhale chonchi, zakudya zofunikira zitatu: nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Mavitrogeni amathandizira kukula ndi fruiting, phosphorous imachepetsa chitukuko, ndi potaziyamu kumathandiza mbewu zapansi kuti athetse vutoli monga zovuta, kuthana ndi matenda, kubweretsa mbewu zapamwamba komanso zosungidwa. Potaziyamu muli ndi feteleza monga potaziyamu sulfate, phulusa, potaziyamu mchere ndi potaziyamu mankhwala enaake. Pambuyo pake ndipo tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Mafotokozedwe ndi maonekedwe a physico-chemical a potassium chloride
Potaziyamu kloridi ndi mawonekedwe a tiyi yazing'ono zazikulu zamakristalu kapena ufa wofiira wopanda phokoso ndi kukoma kwa mchere.
Monga mankhwala amadzimadzi omwe ali ndi mankhwalawa ali ndi chikhomo KCl (potaziyamu mchere wa hydrochloric acid). Mulu wa Molar - 74.55 g / mol, unyinji - 1988 g / cu. onani
Kusungunuka pang'ono m'madzi: mu 100 ml ndi kutentha kwa zero - 28.1 g; pa +20 ° C - 34 g; pa +100 ° C - 56.7 g. Mapulogalamu aqueous amatha kutentha kwa 108.56 ° C. Kusungunuka ndi kutentha kumachitika popanda kuwonongeka. 
Kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mu ulimi, potaziyamu ya chloride yachitsulo, yosalala ndi ya crystalline yabwino imapangidwa. Granulated ndi granules wofiira wofiira ndi mtundu wofiira kapena wofiira-wofiira. Coarse-crystalline - zazikulu zazikulu zamakristu zoyera-imvi mtundu, zazing'ono - zazikulu zamakristasi kapena mbewu.
Mu teknoloji yaulimi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu kloride mu granules ndi makristali akulu, chifukwa ali mu mawonekedwe awa omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yaitali, sungunulani pang'ono pang'onopang'ono ndipo amatsukidwa ndi madontho.
Malingana ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito feteleza, ikhoza kukhala ndi 52 mpaka 99% ya potaziyamu.
Mukudziwa? Kuwonjezera pa ulimi, KCl imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazogulitsa chakudya. Kumeneku amadziwika kuti chakudya chowonjezera cha E508. Potaziyamu kloride imagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndi pharmacology, yomwe imapangidwira mu mawonekedwe a ufa. M'mayiko angapo a US, akaidi amamupachika kuti achite chilango cha imfa.
Zizindikiro za kusowa ndi kupitirira potaziyamu mu zomera
Timapereka kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake timafunikira potassium chloride. Zili ndi zotsatira zotsatirazi:
- kuonjezera chitetezo ndi kutsutsa kwa zomera ku chilala, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, kutentha;
- kuchulukitsa chitetezo cha matenda osiyanasiyana: powdery mildew, kuvunda, dzimbiri;
- kulimbikitsa ndi kuuma kwa zimayambira, kupanga kwawo kukana malo ogona;
- Kubala zipatso zabwino - kukula, kulawa ndi mtundu;
- kulimbikitsa mbewu kumera;
- yonjezerani alumali moyo wa masamba, zipatso, zipatso, mbewu.
Nthawi zambiri, zomera zamasamba zimawononga potaziyamu muzinthu zambiri:
- mbewu - 60-80 makilogalamu pa ha 1;
- masamba - 180-400 makilogalamu pa ha 1.
Mukudziwa? Potaziyamu ndi yabwino kwambiri chifukwa cha nthaka ya acidity ya 5.5.-7 pH.Mfundo yakuti chomeracho sichimakhala ichi chidzawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- masamba ndi osasangalatsa, otumbululuka, ndi buluu, nthawi zambiri zamkuwa;
- Khungu lozungulira pamapepalawa, lomwe kenako limakhala lofiirira ndipo limatulutsa (kutentha kwakale);
- malo ofiira pa masamba;
- kupindika m'mphepete mwa mapepala;
- tsinde lakuda ndi mphukira;
- kuchepetsa kukula kwa mbewu yonse;
- palibe maluwa kapena ejection ya masamba ang'onoang'ono;
- kukula kwa masitepe;
- maonekedwe a chlorotic mawanga pamunsi ndi masamba osakanikirana a chlorosis;
- kukula kwa matenda a fungal.
Mavitrogeni - chinthu chachikulu cha moyo wa zomera, chimakhudza kukula ndi kuchepa kwa mbewu. Kupititsa patsogolo zokolola za zomera ntchito nayitrogeni feteleza: urea, ammonium nitrate, potaziyamu nitrate.
Chomeracho chidzasonyeza kuti feteleza a potashi ndi ochuluka kwambiri ndi zotsatirazi:
- kukula kochepa;
- kumasula masamba ang'onoang'ono;
- mdima wa masamba akale;
- maonekedwe a bulauni m'munsi mwa masamba;
- kutha kwa malekezero a mizu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kloride ya potassium mu ulimi
Potaziyamu kloride yapeza ntchito ku ulimi padziko lonse lapansi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga feteleza wamkulu, amalowetsedwa kumunda wolima ndi kulima (panthaka yowala). Imakhalanso gawo la feteleza zovuta.
Kalii chloridum imavomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pa nthaka yonse. Ndi bwino kusungunuka mu nthaka yankho.
Mawu oyambirira ayenera kugwa m'dzinja. Mu May, kufesa kusanachitike, ndipo nthawi yokula, kuyambira June mpaka August, monga kuvala pamwamba. Ntchitoyi iyenera kuchitika pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira kwambiri kapena mvula. 
Mitengo yambiri imatha kuyanjana ndi kuwonjezera potaziyamu kloride, popeza klorini imaphatikizidwa mu feteleza. Miyambo ya Chlorophobic ikuphatikizapo:
- mbatata;
- mphesa;
- fodya;
- mabulosi;
- nyemba.
Nthawi yamvula, yomwe imatsuka klorini kuchokera pamwamba pa dothi, pamene potaziyamu imakhalabe mmenemo, ikhoza kuthetsa vuto la chlorine.
Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kwa zikhalidwe za chlorophobic m'dzinja. Musanayambe kubzala, chlorini idzatsuka kale pansi. Apo ayi, potashi zowonjezeramo ziyenera kupangidwa ndi feteleza omwe alibe chlorine, monga potassium sulphate kapena potassium magnesia.Mitengo yomwe imakhala yopanda chlorini imaphatikizapo beets (onse shuga ndi chakudya), mpendadzuwa, chimanga ndi masamba ambiri.
Chotupitsa kwambiri potash feedings ndi tirigu, nyemba, tirigu.
Potaziyamu kloridi feteleza ntchito mitengo
Monga taonera kale, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumaphatikizapo kukumba. Zotsatira zoyenera - 100-200 g pa 10 mita mamita. M) Pamene kupanga mlingo wa kasupe ayenera kuchepetsedwa kufika 25-20 g pa 10 lalikulu mamita. m
Kupaka zovala kumapeto kwa nyengo ikukula pogwiritsa ntchito madzi amadzimadzi. Feteleza ndi kosavuta kukonzekera, chifukwa nthawi zambiri imatha kusungunuka mosavuta m'madzi. Madzi 10 amadzipiritsika ndi 30 mg ya Kalii chloridum. 
Zomwe zachitikira wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa amakonda kudyetsa ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri pa nyengo kuposa kamodzi, koma kwakukulu. Kenaka, timapereka mpata woyenera komanso maulendo ogwiritsira ntchito zowonjezera zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana:
- mbatata - kamodzi m'dzinja nthawi, 100 g / 10 sq. m;
- tomato - kamodzi m'dzinja nthawi, 100 g / 10 sq. m (kutentha kumadyetsedwa ndi potaziyamu sulphate);
- nkhaka - kawiri pa nyengo yokula mu wowonjezera kutentha, katatu kapena kasanu nthawi yotseguka pansi, 0.5 l pa mbeu;
Ndikofunikira! Kuti musamavulaze nkhaka, muyenera kudyetsa nkhumba zingapo. Ngati patatha masiku angapo palibe kusintha kwina komwe kwakhalako, ndipo chikhalidwe cha mbeuyo chakhala chikulimbitsa, kudyetsa kwina kungaperekedwe kwa nkhaka zotsala..
- Potaziyamu mankhwala a mphesa siamera, chifukwa chimodzi mwa zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito - klorini - zingayambitse zomera; Sulphate ya potaziyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chikhalidwe ichi;
- mitengo ya zipatso - panthawi ya fruiting mu mawonekedwe a kuthirira, 150 g pamtengo.
Kalii chloridum imathandizanso kuti feteleza maluwa azamera feteleza. 
Mawu okondedwera ndi zikhalidwe ndi awa:
- bulbous - mu maluwa gawo, 20 g / 10 l;
- anyezi aang'ono - mu maluwa, 10 g / 10 l;
- zaka ziwiri ndi chaka chimodzi - katatu: panthawi ya kukula (10 g / 10 l), pang'onopang'ono (15 g / 10 l), pa maluwa (15 g / 10 l);
- zokometsera - nyengo za kukula, budding, maluwa, 20 g / 10 l;
- roses - kawiri pa kukula, 20 g / 10 l;
- peonies - pa maluwa, 10 g / 10 l;
- gladioli - panthawi ya maonekedwe a magawo atatu ndi asanu a 15 g / 10 l; mu gawo la mapangidwe a peduncle - 20 g / 10 l.
Kusamala pamene mukugwira ntchito
Monga tafotokozera pamapangidwe a potaziyamu mankhwala a feteleza, feteleza amatanthauza kuopsa kovuta (kalasi yachitatu). Sizitha kuwononga khungu likadzajambulidwa, koma limapweteka mabala omwe alipo kale ndi kutupa. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa, ngati pali thupi, tizivala suti tisanayambe ntchito kudyetsa.
Mankhwalawa si owopsa ngati amatulutsidwa mumlengalenga pa malo ovomerezeka. Komabe, tsamba lopuma liyenera kutetezedwa ndi chigoba cha kupuma, ndi magalasi otsekedwa maso. Ndiletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito laimu, choko kapena ufa wa dolomite pamodzi ndi potaziyamu chloride. Feteleza sichigwiritsidwa ntchito ku moto ndi kuphulika, komanso kumathandiza kuti zinthu zisawonongeke. 
Kusungirako zinthu
Malinga ndi malangizo a wopanga, feteleza ayenera kusungidwa m'nyumba ndi kutsika kwa chinyezi, komwe mphepo kapena madzi akugwa sayenera kugwa.
N'zotheka kusunga poyera, koma pansi pa denga, m'zitsulo zotsekedwa bwino kapena m'matumba a polyethylene.
Moyo wothandizira alumali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, chinthucho sichitha mankhwala ake. Zosintha zingakhudze maonekedwe ndi chiwerengero chokhazikika.
Pomalizira, timawona kuti potaziyamu chloride ndi imodzi mwa feteleza wambiri mu ulimi. Kwa ake phindu Izi zikuphatikizapo zakudya zamtundu wa zakudya zowonjezera, zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zomera.
Kuti zovuta - feteleza sizothandiza mitundu yonse ya mbewu, popeza chlorine imakhudza kwambiri chitukuko chawo. Kalii chloridum ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chakudya chodziimira, komanso mumasakanizo ndi nitrogen, phosphorus ndi feteleza ena. Mukamapanga zotsatira zake zabwino muyenera kuyembekezera mukadyetsa tizilombo tochepa kuposa kamodzi kapena kawiri.
