Eschinantus (Aeschynanthus) - mtengo wamtengo wobiriwira wokongoletsa, womwe umadziwika ndi ochepa chabe a zitsamba zamkati. Izi zimakhala zosaoneka zokhala ndi maonekedwe okongola: mafunde ake aatali omwe amawoneka bwino kwambiri amavala masamba ovuta komanso pachimake chofiira. Mtundu wa inflorescences uli pakati pa lalanje ndi maroon. Eschinanthus ndi wa Gesneriaceae (Gesneriaceae).
Kutchire, maluwa amenewa amapezeka m'madera otentha a ku Asia, komanso ku Singapore ndi Malaysia.
Mitundu ya Escinanthus
Nthenda yotchedwa eschinantus imaphatikizapo mitundu 200 ndi mitundu yambiri. Komabe, mitundu yoposa 15 imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu floriculture.
Eschinantus yaitaliodziwika bwino monga marble. Dzinali la mitunduyi linali chifukwa cha mtundu wapachiyambi wa masamba akuluakulu achikopa. Masamba a sera amakhala ojambulidwa mumthunzi wamdima wobiriwira, ndi mzere wonyezimira, komanso pambali - mu mabokosi ndi ma marble. Komanso, chomera chobiriwira chimenechi chakhala chikuphuka kwa nthawi yaitali. Pansi pa zochitika zam'madera otentha, Aeschienanthus Marble amatha kufika 60-70 masentimita m'litali. Ndipo kutalika kwa pepala kungakhale 8-10 cm. 
Eschinantus "Lobb" - maluwa okongola omwe amakhala ndi mphukira yayitali komanso yodzala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono. Tsamba ndi mdima wobiriwira. Maluŵa amatha kusindikiza, amadzimadzimadzi awiri, ndi corolla yonyezimira ndi chubu yonyezimira. Mtundu uwu umayamikiridwa chifukwa chokongola ndi chokongola maluwa. 
Eschanntus wokongola - osatha epiphytic chitsamba. Masambawa ali osiyana, mawonekedwe ozungulira, kutalika kwa masentimita 6. Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira wofiira ndi nsonga yofiira. Mphukira imakhalanso ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Maluwawo ali ndi chikho chobiriwira cha calyx ndi corolla yofiira kwambiri. 
Eschinantus "wokongola" kapena "wokongola" - kukwera kobiriwira epiphytic shrub. Nkhono, pansi pa mphukira imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 60. Tsamba ndi ovate-lanceolate, nsana yaying'ono pamphepete, 7-10 masentimita m'litali ndi 3-4 masentimita m'lifupi. Masamba akukonzedwa motsutsana kapena atatu. Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa mu maambulera kwa zidutswa 6-12. Kuthandizira kumadutsa pamwamba ndi chubu chogwedezeka kawiri. Corolla chubu chachikasu, chiwalo chofiira. 
Eschinantus obratkonomic - osatha greenrush shrub ndi otsika zimayambira. Masamba ndi ovunda, ofewa. Maluwawo amakhala ndi burgundy calyx (1.5 masentimita) ndi mdima wofiira wamitundu yozungulira (3 masentimita), atasonkhana mu maambulera a zidutswa 4-6. Peduncles ndi calyx yokutidwa ndi tsitsi. 
Eschinantus "Mona Lisa" - Mtundu wina wa ku Tropicans, wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa mafani a m'nyumba zamkati. "Mona Lisa" - woyimira modzichepetsa kwambiri wa banja lake. Kuwoneka uku kumayamikiranso chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake abwino. Maluwa okongola kwambiri amakhala ndi mtundu wofiira kwambiri, ndipo masamba obiriwira amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira.
Eschaninthus "Twister" - ampelnaya chomera chobiriwira, chokwanira kukula mu miphika yopachikidwa kapena pamapanga apadera. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi masamba aatali, opotoka kwambiri. Pakati pa masamba obiriwira a sera mukhoza kuona maluwa ofiira a lalanje. 
Eschinantus "tricolor" - yokongoletsa chomera ndi masamba a kukula kwake pakati ndi maluwa osadziwika. Calyx inflorescence ili ndi nthawi yayitali. Mtundu wa chikhocho umasiyana ndi pinki kuti ukhale wofiira kwambiri, ndipo mikwingwirima ya lalanje imayenda pamaluwawo. 
Eschinanthus "Carolina" - ampelous (wakula pamiphika) compact shrub ndi kukwera masamba. Masambawa ndi aakulu, otalikirana-okwana, masentimita 8 m'litali ndi masentimita 6 m'lifupi. Mtundu wapadera wa mitundu iyi ndi masamba aang'ono osakanikirana ndi mabala olemera a burgundy. 
"Bella Donna" - Zina zosakanikirana zosawerengeka za escinanthus, zomwe zimadziwika ndi masamba owoneka bwino komanso ozungulira. Maluwa mwa mitundu iyi ali ndi mtundu wofiira. 
Kenaka, timapereka chidziwitso chodziwika bwino cha kulima chipinda cha escinanthus, komanso ndi zizindikiro zonse zosamalira maluwa omwe sapezeka.
Mukudziwa? Esquinanthus ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe ku columnay - mbewu ina yotentha. Iwo amatha kusiyanitsidwa kokha mwa mawonekedwe a maluwa. Mu khola, kumtunda kwapadera kumapanga chiwonetsero cha "chimbudzi" chotsika. Mbali imeneyi sichitchulidwa pang'ono mu Aeschienhus inflorescences, "hood" yake ili pamwamba. Kuonjezera apo, mu Columni imodzi maluwa imayikidwa lonse mphukira, pamene mu ASCINE - burashi ndizomwe angapange.
Kodi ndi zinthu zotani zomwe zimapangidwira kumanga nyumba?
Ponseponse, eschinanthus ndi chomera chosawonongeka. Komabe, alimi ambiri amanena kuti kukongola kumeneku sikungatheke kulima, mukufunikira kupeza njira yabwino kwambiri yowonjezerapo komanso kumangokhalira kulimbikitsa.
Kuunikira
Eschinantus ndi shrub wachikondi, koma kuwala kowala kumakhala kovulaza. Maluwa ayenera kuikidwa m'malo omwe ali ndi kuwala. M'chilimwe, osatha amasangalala pawindo lakummawa kapena kumadzulo. Panthawi yopuma, eschinanthus imafuna maola oposa 14 tsiku lililonse. Choncho, m'dzinja-nyengo yozizira, ndizofunikira kusamutsa maluwa pafupi ndi zenera lakumwera. Kwa kuunikira kwina mungathe kukhazikitsa fulorosenti kapena LED phytolamp.
Kutentha
The optimum kutentha kwa kukula thermophilic eschinanthus ndi 20-25 ° C. Komabe, ngati m'nyengo yozizira kutentha kwa zinthu zatsikira pansi kufika 15-18 ° C, izi zidzakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa kukula kwa masamba. Eschienanthus salola kuti mpweya wabwino, ozizira, mpweya wamkuntho usasinthe. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuika duwa pafupi ndi mawindo otseguka, mawindo a zenera kapena pafupi ndi galasi ozizira m'nyengo yozizira. 
Mmene mungasamalire kunyumba
Kuti nyumba yanu Aeschienhus ikule bwino ndi bwino, ndibwino kuti nthawi zonse izikhala bwino kwambiri. M'madera akumidzi, vuto limakhala pa kukhala ndi chinyezi chabwino, kutentha koyenera ndi ulimi wothirira.
Kuthirira
Mukamwetsa eschanantus, tsatirani lamulo lofunika: kusunga bwino kuli bwino kuposa kusefukira. Chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira amatha kulimbana ndi chilala, ndipo kutentha kwambiri sikungapangitse chabwino chilichonse.
Pakati pa ulimi wothirira, nthaka ikuyenera kuuma, kotero kuti mpweya umathamangira ku rhizome. M'nyengo yotentha, imwani nyemba mukangomaliza nthaka youma (2-3 pa sabata). M'nyengo yozizira, ndi koyenera kupirira masiku 2-3 ouma. Kwa ulimi wothirira, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osungunuka ndi ochotsa madzi. Mchere ndi madzi ozizira eskhinantus sakonda. Madzi okwanira ayenera kukhala ofunda.
Kufewetsa amalima a madzi amalangizidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito peat. 100 g ya peat yophimbidwa ndi gauze ndi kumizidwa mu chidebe ndi 2 malita a madzi. Tsiku lina, thumba la peat lichotsedwa, ndipo madzi omwe amachokerawo amagwiritsa ntchito ulimi wothirira.
Ndikofunikira! Onetsetsani kuti muthetsa madzi kuchokera ku saucer. Chinyezi chochuluka pa mizu nthawi zambiri chimayambitsa matenda kapena ngakhale imfa.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Kutentha kwakukulu - chitsimikizo cha kukula bwino kwa Tropican. Mbewuyo imayambidwa nthawi zonse, ndipo kawiri pachaka (pambuyo pa maluwa) imasamba pansi pamadzi otentha.
Pofuna kupewa malo oyera ndi madontho, madzi otenthetsedwa (pafupifupi 40 ° C) amagwiritsidwa ntchito powaza. Pewani madzi inflorescence. M'nyengo yozizira, khalani kutali ndi mabatire otentha. Ndipo pofuna kuwonjezera chinyezi kuzungulira kuthengo, ikani chodepacho ndi maluwa pa sauvu ndi miyala yamvula. 
Ndondomeko yochapa ikuchitika motere: chidebe chachikulu chimadzazidwa ndi madzi otentha, duwa limasekedwa pamenepo ndi mphika ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphindi 40. Pambuyo pa chochitika chotere, tropican blooms bwino, ndipo autumn bath kusamba maluwa.
Kupaka pamwamba
Pa nthawi ya kukula ndi maluwa (kuyambira pa March kufika pa September), zomera zimabereka feteleza milungu iwiri iliyonse ndi mchere wambiri. Komabe, changu ndi kuvala sizothandiza. Zopindulitsa kwambiri ndi zina zopanda thanzi kuposa kupitirira. Manyowa amchere amachepetsa pang'ono kuposa momwe amachitira.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupewa kutentha kwa mizu yowonongeka, gwiritsani ntchito njira yothetsera zakudya zokha pokhapokha ndi nthaka yothira.
Kubwezeretsanso ndi kudulira
Kwa chomera chozizira, kuyeretsa kwa masamba achikopa ndi kofunika. Masamba ayenera kupukutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa. Chifukwa cha ndondomekoyi, mawonekedwe okongoletsera akuwonjezeka, zomera zimabwezeretsa, zimapuma bwino.
Monga chomera champhamvu, escinanthus sichimafuna kudulira. Koma ubwino ndi kubwezeretsa kufupikitsa kwa mphukira ndi gawo lofunikira la chisamaliro choyenera. Pofuna kulimbikitsa budding m'tsogolomu, mwamsanga mvula ikatha, zimayambira. Pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, zouma, zowonjezera kapena zosabala zimachotsedwa, komanso masamba amene ataya maonekedwe awo okongoletsera. Kufupikitsa kwa nsonga kumathandiza kukula kwa ofananira nawo kumayambira. 
Ndikofunikira! Samalani kuti musachotse kapena kusokoneza masambawa pochepetsera escinantus, mwinamwake musatenge mbewu ya maluwa.
Momwe mungayendetsere kunyumba
Mutagula eschinantus, ndibwino kuti musamuke pomwepo, ngati mphika wawung'ono komanso nthaka yabwino imakhala ndi zotsatirapo zowononga maluwa.
Eskhinanthus achinyamata amatha kuikidwa chaka chilichonse (kumayambiriro kwa masika). Koma chithunzi chokhwimitsa chikukula bwino mu chidebe chochepa. Choncho, a Tropicans a zaka 2-3 amakaikidwa pokhapokha ngati akufunikira mwamsanga: ngati mizu yataya dziko lonse lapansi ndikulowetsa m'mabowo, ndipo duwa limachepetsanso kukula. Ngati chomera chachikulu sichikhala ndi mavuto otere ndipo chiri ndi thanzi labwino, ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi matenda osokoneza bongo.
Chidebe chatsopano cha escainantus chiyenera kukhala lalikulu masentimita 2-3 kuposa chakale. Mphika wochulukirapo umachepetsa chitukuko. Ngakhalenso zomera zokhwima zimakhala zosangalatsa m'makina ndi masentimita 18 masentimita.
Mitengo ya amputella imamangidwa pamapope ndi madengu, komanso poto, yomwe ili pamwamba.
M'chilimwe, khonde lidzakhala lokongoletsedwa ndi zomera zokongola m'miphika - ampella petunia, Calibrahoa, Surfinia, Bacopa, Begonia, Verbena, Geranium (Pelargonium), Dichondra, Campanula, Lobelia.
Mu chilengedwe, zomera zazitentha zikukula mozungulira kwambiri, zowonongeka ndi nthaka ya porous. Dziko lomwelo likufunikanso eskhinantusu mukakula msinkhu. 
Zotsatirazi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nthaka yopangira escinantus:
- peat (gawo limodzi), perlite (gawo limodzi), sliced sphagnum (gawo limodzi), vermiculite (mbali) ndi makala;
- tsamba lapansi ndi peat - mofanana mbali, sphagnum, moss ndi mchenga wochuluka - theka;
- kuchuluka kwa masamba, perlite, peat ndi kokonati.
Kwa zomera zamkati, zimalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga "Trichodermin", "Gamair", Bordeaux madzi, "Alirin", "Sopo wobiriwira", "Abiga", "Fitosporin", "Albit", potassium permanganateKenaka, timakambirana momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito eschinantus moyenera. Malangizo ndi sitepe:
- Zinthu zonse za nthaka zosakaniza zilibe zotetezedwa - zotengedwa ndi fungicide.
- Pansi pa chidebecho ndi mabowo anatsanulira ngalande, ndipo pamwamba - kachigawo kakang'ono.
- Aeschienhus akuchotsedwera bwino kuchoka ku mphika wakale, kuyesera kusunga chipinda chadothi.
- Mphunoyi imayambira mu chidebe chatsopano.
- Kutsika pang'ono, kutsanulira nthaka kusakaniza.
- Mmerawo umathiriridwa ndi kuikidwa mu kuwala kosalala kapena mumthunzi wache.
- Patatha mlungu umodzi, pamene Aesenenehus imayambira mizu ndi kusintha, maluwawo amatha kusamutsidwa kumalo owala.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mukufuna kukweza escinanthus ndi chithandizo, nthawi yomweyo yesani ndikulimbitsa bwino pakukula.
Kodi kufalitsa eschinanthus cuttings
Eschinantus anafalitsidwa ndi cuttings. Iyi ndiyo njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza kwambiri. Kubereka kwa eschanantus mwa kudula mphukira kumachitika motere:
- Zaka za chaka chatha zomwe sizinali zokhazokha komanso zowonjezereka zimadulidwa ndi mpeni pa cuttings wa 8-10 masentimita. Onetsetsani kuti kudula kuli ndi mapewa awiri.
- Masamba otsika amachotsedwa. Kuti mukhale ndi rooting yabwino, kudula kwa kudula kumachitiridwa ndi phytohormone ufa ("Appin", "Zircon").
- Zitsulozi zimadzazidwa ndi nthaka yochepa ya peat ndi mchenga (1: 1) kapena perlite. Chinthu chopangira chinyezi.
- Cuttings omangidwa pansi ndi 2 cm, mpaka tsamba loyamba. Nthaka mofatsa imapewa, kupeŵa zosowa.
- Mbewu iliyonse imathiriridwa, ndiye yokutidwa ndi kapu ya galasi, polyethylene kapena kupita ku wowonjezera kutentha.
- Pambuyo pa rooting ya mbande ndi mawonekedwe atsopano, amaikidwa miphika yaing'ono (7-10 masentimita). Kunkhalango kunali kobiriwira, mukhoza kubzala mbande zingapo mu chidebe chimodzi. Ndipo pofuna kulimbikitsa kukula, mukhoza kutsitsa pamwamba.
- Chaka chotsatira, tchire tchimake.
Mukudziwa? Eschinantus anatenga dzina lake chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a inflorescences. Kuchokera ku Chigiriki "aischyneia anthos" amatembenuzidwa kuti "maluwa osokonezeka." Ndipo ndithudi, inflorescences amawoneka ngati atatembenuzidwa.
Kulimbana ndi matenda otheka ndi tizirombo
Pansi pa nyengo yotentha, drafts, mkulu chinyezi ndi mowa wothirira, matenda a fungal monga powdery mildew ndi imvi nkhungu zimakula. Yankho la adyo limathandiza polimbana ndi powdery mildew. Against imvi zowola, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi maziko maziko ndi ogwira.
Mitengo yotentha ingakhudzidwe ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda: tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nsabwe za m'masamba, mealybugs, thrips, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ndi maonekedwe a shityovki, chitsamba choyamba chimachiritsidwa ndi madzi sopo, ndiye ndi tizilombo "Aktellik". Polimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zimagwiritsanso ntchito tizilombo "Aktellik" (madontho 15-20 pa madzi okwanira 1 litre).
Malembo a Mealybug achotsedwa ndi ubweya wa thonje wothira mowa; Pakakhala mitsempha ya misa, chitsamba chimachitidwa ndi karbofos kuimitsidwa (madontho 15-40 pa 1 l madzi).
Kuchokera ku thrips kuchotsani ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala "Aktellik" ndi "Fitoverm." Kuchokera ku nthata za kangaude, zimapulumutsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chitsamba ndi Actellic kapena Decis.
Ganiziraninso zovuta zina ndi eschinanthus. Vuto la chifukwa chomwe escinanthus imatulutsa masamba ndi chokhudzana ndi kuchepetsa kwambiri nthaka kapena kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo.
Kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, kutentha kwakukulu, kuthirira molakwika, mpweya wouma kwambiri ukhoza kuwatsogolera chikasu ndi kuuma kwa nsonga za masamba. Pambuyo pakuphukira masamba, sikuletsedwa kukonzanso kapena kutembenuzira chitsamba, chifukwa izi zikutsogolera budding.
Kwa iwo omwe akudera nkhawa za funso lakuti n'chifukwa chiyani eschinanthus sichimasintha, tidzayankha kuti vutoli nthawi zambiri limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwaunikira komanso nthawi yayitali pamthunzi.
Maluwa okongola owala a orange, izi zowonongeka sizingatheke kukopa chidwi. Onetsetsani zowononga zofunikira - ndipo escinanthus idzakongoletsa nyumba yanu ndipo idzakhala yosagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.
