Peyala

TimadziƔa bwino peyala ya kalasi ya "Krasulya"

"Krasulya" ndi mtundu wa pear wosiyanasiyana, wotchuka ndi wokondedwa pakati pa wamaluwa kuti azikonda zipatso ndi kudzichepetsa polima.

Chifukwa cha hardiness yake yozizira, peyala ikhoza kukula m'madera ndi nyengo yozizira.

Mbiri ya kuswana mitundu ya mapeyala "Krasulya"

Peyala "Krasulya" - chogwiritsidwa ntchito pa kuswana kwa wasayansi wa South Ural Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture ndi mbatata, Chelyabinsk. E. A. Falkenberg adalumikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana poyerekeza ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "Late" ndi "Chisangalalo Chache".

Mu 1987, mitundu yosiyanasiyana idatenga malo oyenera pakati pa mitundu yambiri ya mapeyala. Kubzala mitundu kumapezeka kawirikawiri m'dera la Ural kwa kulima mafakitale komanso pazipatala.

Makhalidwe a peyala "Krasulya"

Peyala "Krasulia" pofotokoza za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mtundu wa fruiting amatanthauza mtundu wosakanikirana: zipatso zimapangidwa pa zosavuta komanso zovuta kolchatka, zochepa zokolola zipatso, nthawi zina mitengo imabereka zipatso mu mphukira za chaka chatha.

Kulongosola kwa mtengo

Mtengo uli wamkati wandiweyani, kutalika kwa chimera chachikulu kumakhala mamita anayi. Thunthu limakula khunyu, kupotoka pang'ono, makungwa amakhala obiriwira, ovuta. Crohn anali wodzaza ndi nthambi.

Nthambizo ndi zolunjika, ndi phokoso lakuya, mtundu wa bulauni wobiriwira. Masambawo si aakulu, masamba a masamba ndi ozungulira, obiriwira, ndi mitsempha yambiri. Masamba okhala m'mphepete mwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja amakhala osasunthika fluffy petioles. Peyala imamasula kumapeto kwa May. Mbalame zazikulu zoyera zimakhala ndi fungo lokoma, inflorescences mu mawonekedwe a mbale, ndi pamphuno yamphongo. Kwa peyala ya Krasulia, malo abwino kwambiri odzola mungu ndi Rainbow, Northerner.

Kufotokozera Zipatso

Chipatso cha peyala si chachikulu, mpaka 120 magalamu, mawonekedwewo amafanana ndi bergamot. Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi phokoso lofewa, panthawi ya kukhwima, peyala ndi yobiriwira ndipo imakhala yofiira pambali pake, imayang'ana dzuwa.

Onetsetsani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapeyala monga "Elena", "Maria", "Forest Beauty", "Muscovite", "Talgar Beauty", "Favorite Yakovleva", "Veles", "Nika".
Pamene peyala imakhala yachikasu kwambiri komanso madontho obisika kwambiri, ndi okonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zipatso zili ndi mnofu wobiriwira, mafuta ochepa, otayirira komanso owometsera. Peyala ndi yokoma kwambiri, imasiya zitsamba zamatsenga. Zipatso zimapsa m'zaka khumi zoyambirira za August.

Mitengo ndi mapeyala a peyala "Krasul

Kwambiri yozizira hardiness wa peyala "Krasulya" - yake yaikulu yopindulitsa. Chofunika kwambiri ndi chitetezo champhamvu cha matenda a fungal ndi tizilombo toononga tizilombo: Pa zaka za kulima mitundu yosiyanasiyana, palibe vuto limodzi la nkhanambo, mabakiteriya amayaka ndi nthata za ndulu.

Mtundu wa peyala umadziwika ndi mwamsanga fruiting; chaka chachinayi mutabzala, mitengo imapereka zokolola. Zokolola za peyala ya Krasuli ndipamwamba-mpaka makilogalamu 40 pa wamkulu (zaka 10) za mtengo.

Zoipa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana zimaphatikizapo kukula kochepa kwa chipatso, mphukira pa nthambi, zomwe zimapangitsa kukolola kuvutike, komanso kuthekera kwa chipatso cha chipatso m'nyengo yachisanu. Chofunika kwambiri si kusungirako kwa nthawi yaitali: mapeyala amasungidwa m'firiji zosaposa masabata awiri.

Mitunduyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, yokonzedwanso mu timadziti kapena zamzitini m'nyengo yozizira.

Mbali kubzala peyala mbande "Krasuli"

Kusankha mbande kuti mubzala, samalani ku mizu ya mbewu. Iyenera kukhazikitsidwa, ndi mphukira zamphamvu popanda makina owonongeka.

Mukudziwa? Peyala ndi wachibale wa rozi, chifukwa imayimira banja la Rosaceae. Pezani achibale a peyala ndi apulo, hawthorn ndi zomera zikwi ziwiri.

Kodi ndibwino kuti kudzala liti?

Kubzala peyala "Krasuli" masika imachitikira mu April, pambuyo pa kubwerera kwa chisanu. Zomera zokhala ndi nyengo zimakhala zabwino m'madera ozizira kwambiri. M'nyengo yotentha, nyengo yabwino kwambiri yofika pamapeto pa September. Asanafike m'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimakhala ndi nthawi yolimba komanso mizu.

Momwe mungasankhire malo otsetsereka

Zotsatira za kubzala ndi kusamalidwa kwa peyala ya Krasulia zimadalira malo omwe amasankhidwa mmera. Malo a chomera ayenera kukhala ofewetsa, otayika ndi otetezedwa ku mphepo yamphamvu.

Ndikofunikira! Peyala silingalole kuti mizu ikhale yochepa, mizu yake siimera bwino, choncho nthawi yomweyo imbande m'malo osatha.
Kuyenda kwa madzi pansi kumakhala kozama kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna kudzala chomera pafupi ndi nyumba kapena zolimbikitsa, tulukani m'nyumbayi mamita atatu. Nthaka ya peyala ndi yotayirira, yowonjezera komanso yothira.

Momwe mungakonzekere malo ndi kudzala sapling

Chombo chokwera cha peyala chimakumbidwa ndi masentimita 70 mpaka 80, kuya kwa masentimita 70. Mtunda wa mamita asanu wapangidwa pakati pa zomera. Pakuti mbande zimayenera kukonzekera nthaka. Kuti muchite izi, tengani ndowa zitatu za kompositi, ndowa ya mchenga ndi ufa wa dolomite, 500ml ya potassium chloride ndi superphosphate, pafupifupi phulusa la phulusa.

Sakanizani izi zowonjezera ndi dothi la nthaka lomwe linakumbidwa kuchokera mu dzenje. Pansi pa dzenje muike pansi gawo la phiri, ndikuwongolera bwino mizu pamwamba - mmera. Kenaka, mizu ikugona nthaka, ikuphwanyika.

Msosi wa chomeracho umakhalabe masentimita asanu pamwamba pa nthaka. Mutabzala, mmera umathiriridwa mochuluka. Kodi kusamalira Krasulia peyala mmera? Akusowa kuthirira. Kuwongolera njira za ulimi wothirira kuzungulira chomeracho, ndibwino kuti mupange phokoso. Mutabzala, mmera umasowa chithandizo, umangirire pamphepete, ndipo bwalo la mbiya likulumikizidwa.

Zosangalatsa Mu chilengedwe lero pali mitundu yoposa zikwi zitatu za mapeyala. Mitengo ya kumidzi imatchedwa ndi Asia, ndi Europe. Peyala ya ku Ulaya inali kudziwika kuchokera ku 1000 BC. Mapeyala a Asia adalimidwa ku China kuyambira 1134 BC.

Peculiarities kusamalira Krasulia peyala

Pamene mukukula mapeyala a Krasuli, kuti awapatse chinyezi chokwanira ndi chakudya, ndibwino kuti nthaka ikhale pamitengo ya mtengo pansi pa nthunzi yakuda. Zingakhale bwino kubzala pakati pa mizere ya zomera - zogwirira ntchito.

Momwe mungadzamwe madzi

Mtengo umasowa madzi okwanira ambiri, koma osati nthawi zambiri. Kuthirira malinga ndi nyengo ikuchitika 2 - 4 pa mwezi. Thirani zitsulo zitatu pamtunda wa mita imodzi ya bwalo la thunthu.

Chenjerani! Ndikofunika kuti madzi akamwela peyala "Krasuli" adalowa mkati mwa 60-80 masentimita.

Pambuyo kuthirira, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa, kuti madzi asungidwe mofulumira ndipo pamakhala mpweya wabwino ku mizu. Kupalasa magudumu kumafunikanso, kukulitsa korona wa mtengo, kukula kwake kwa nthaka kuti iyeretsedwe. Pambuyo kuthirira, dothi limaphatikizidwa ndi peat pofuna kusunga bwino chinyezi.

Pamene ndizofunika kuchita zovala zapamwamba

Kwa mapeyala a feteleza ndi ntchito zamagetsi, ndi feteleza zamchere. Manyowa owonongeka kapena kompositi imagwiritsidwa ntchito zaka zitatu zilizonse. Mavitrogeni amadyetsedwa chaka chilichonse pa nyengo yolima. M'chilimwe, kumayambiriro ndi pakati, amathira manyowa ndi potashi ndi feteleza phosphate.

Ndikofunikira! Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika m'chaka chachiwiri cha mbewu.

Nthawi komanso momwe mungatchekerere

Peyala "Krasuli" ayenera kudziwa momwe angayendetsere. Kudulira koyamba kumapangidwa mwamsanga mutabzala mmera, mphukira imadulidwa ku gawo lachitatu la kutalika kuti likhale ndi nthambi. Mu chomera chazaka ziwiri, mphukira yafupikitsidwa, yomwe ndi kukula kwake imalepheretsa pakati pa magawo awiri pa atatu aliwonse, mphukira zonse sizing'ono zitatu. Kenaka, chitani njira zowonongeka: kuchotsani nthambi zosweka, zoonongeka, zofooka ndi zowuma. Pambuyo pokonza malo odulidwawo, m'pofunikira kuyaka ndi phula la munda.

Zosakaniza zokhala mapeyala.

Mmene mungatetezere peyala ku matenda ndi tizirombo

Pakuti njira zoteteza, peyala "Krasuli" mu dziko m'chaka imachiritsidwa ndi colloidal sulfure. Ndondomekoyi imachitika kawiri ndi sabata ziwiri. Pankhani ya matenda, kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu kwa mtengo kumapangidwa ndi mankhwala: Vitaros, Bayleton, Topaz, Previkur. Mbali zofooka za zomera zimadulidwa ndi kutenthedwa.

Komanso, mutatha kukolola, mukhoza kupopera mtengo Bordeaux madzi. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timamenyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mankhwala a anthu amathandizanso kupewa tizirombo: kulowetsedwa kwa nsonga za phwetekere, kulowetsedwa kwa marigolds ndi adyo.

Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji nyengo yozizira?

Mitengo ya peyala yaing'ono imatha kuzizira kwambiri kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira. Dongo la Pristvolny liyenera kukhala lophatikizidwa ndi dothi lakuda la dziko lapansi ndikuphimba ndi zakuthupi. Ngati mutaphimba ndi mulch lapnik - idzatetezeranso khungwa labwino kuchokera ku makoswe.

Peyala ya Krasulya ndi yokoma, osati yopanda nzeru mu chisamaliro ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chisanu, malo okongola m'munda uliwonse. Mwina zingatengere zambiri kuti zikule, koma zokolola zokoma komanso zathanzi sizidzapindulitsa.