Shallots ndi oimira anyezi ambiri, kotero n'zosadabwitsa kuti mbewuyi imakonda kwambiri ku nyumba ndi kumalima zamasamba. Kawirikawiri, shallots amakula pa nthenga kuti apeze masamba a vitamini. Shallot ali ndi ubwino wambiri wambiri pa anyezi: mwamsanga, zokolola zambiri, kutentha kwa chisanu ndi chisanu chakumana, zomwe zimakupangitsani kupeza zinthu zothandiza kale kwambiri.
Masamba a anyezi awa samaponyera, koma pakakula samakula ndipo nthawi zambiri amasunga zakudya zawo ndi zakudya zawo. Pogwiritsa ntchito zochepa zokolola, zobiriwira za shallots nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu kuposa masamba a anyezi.
Malingana ndi kufotokozera, shallots amafanana ndi anyezi wamba, koma mkati mwake mutu uli ndi magawo angapo a anyezi. Shallot - woimira banja la anyezi, ali ndi mitundu iyi: Danish, Russian (mbewu) ndi mbatata.
Malingana ndi mtundu wa shallot babu akhoza kukhala ozungulira, oval kapena flat flat shape. Mababuwa amamangirizidwa ku chomwe chimatchedwa "chidendene" (pansi) cha babu la amayi, chifukwa cha izi, nthawi zina amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe oonekera.
Mu chisa chapafupi ndi shallot, mababu 6 mpaka 12 amapangidwa, ndipo zina mwa mitundu yolima ngakhale 25-40, choncho dzina lotchuka la chomera "makumi anayi". Malingana ndi mtundu wa shallot, mtundu wa masikelo owuma umasiyana ndi zoyera, kuwala kobiri, bulauni, pinki ku lilac. Chipatso cha madzi cha shallot chingakhalenso choyera, chobiriwira kapena chowala. 
Shallot ili ndi acorbic acid ambiri, komanso mafuta ofunikira, mavitamini ndi mchere. Pansipa tikulingalira magawo akulu ndi ndondomeko za momwe mungakwiririre shallots kwa masamba., kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino ndi zathanzi.
Pa kanyumba kanu ka chilimwe, mungathe kukonzanso mitundu ya anyezi monga leek, Indian, slizun, batun, shnitt.
Kusankha malo ndi nthaka yobzala shallots
Kukula shallots kwa amadyera kumunda kumapereka chigwirizano ndi zinthu zambiri zophweka za agrotechnical. Ndi chikhalidwe chokonda kwambiri, chomwe kuwala kwa dzuwa kumapanga masamba obiriwira, choncho kumafuna kutseguka kwa dzuŵa, komanso malo akuluakulu otsetsereka kusiyana ndi uta wamba.
Nthaka yabwino ndi yonyowa, yopanda ndale kapena yowonjezera pang'ono, humus-sandy, komanso kuwala humus loamy. Shallot imakula bwino pa dothi lachonde, kotero manyowa a mabedi sayenera kupulumutsidwa. 
Musanabzala shallots ndi nthenga, iwo amakonza nthaka kuyambira autumn: 1 mita mita. M mamita amapereka ndowa 2-3 za kompositi, manyowa ovunda kapena humus osakaniza ndi superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate, 70 g aliyense.
Kupititsa patsogolo nthaka isanafike shallot phacelia akhoza kubzalidwa. Adzakula mpaka chisanu ndi zobiriwira zidzayenda pansi pa chisanu. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, zidzakhala zofunikira kukumba bedi, kubzala phacelia pansi, ndi kubzala shallots kumapeto kwa April.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuteteza shallots ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, tigwiritseni ntchito kasinthasintha kwa mbeu kapena mbeu imodzi mmadera amodzi. Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwa ntchentche anyezi, amalimbikitsa kubzala kaloti ndi shallots.
Ntchito yokonzekera
Mababu aang'ono, pafupifupi masentimita atatu m'mimba mwake, ndi abwino kubzala. Amagwira bwino bwino, amapanga anyezi ambiri. Mitu yaing'ono ya anyezi imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yophukira kwa kukakamiza cholembera.
Mababu akulu sagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa amapereka mababu ang'onoang'ono ndi pang'ono.
Musanadzalemo, chodzala chiyenera kukonzekera pokhala ndi mababu mu njira yothetsera epin (madontho 4 pa 100 ml ya madzi) kwa maola pafupifupi asanu. N'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la potaziyamu permanganate monga cholimbikitsa chimene mababu amawasungira kwa mphindi 15-30. 
Pachifukwa ichi, gawo lolimba la pansi (chidendene) liyenera kudulidwa ku mizu yatsopano. Ngati zokololazo zasungidwa m'njira yozizira, ndiye kuti muyenera kuzigwira kwa mlungu umodzi kutentha kwa madigiri 30.
Mukudziwa? Shallots ali ndi mayina ambiri: nkhono makumi anayi, shalotka, charlotte, chitsamba cha chitsamba, chitsamba. Dzina lachilatini la chomera: allium ascalonicum, amene amapezeka mumzinda wa Ascalon (Palestina). Dziko laling'ono - Asia Minor. Choyamba kutchulidwa kwa chomera ichi chinayamba zaka 1261. Lero zomera zimalimidwa ku Egypt, India, Greece ndi mayiko a ku Ulaya. Amtengo wapatali kwambiri chifukwa cha mankhwala ake, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a maso ndi m'matumbo a m'mimba.
Ndondomeko yodzala anyezi pa nthenga
Shallots amabzalidwa kumayambiriro kasupe kapena kugwa isanafike nyengo yozizira.
Kufika m'nyengo yozizira
Chifukwa chodzala shallots m'nyengo yozizira amagwiritsa ntchito anyezi ang'onoang'ono, osachepera 3 masentimita awiri, amakhala ozizira kwambiri. Ndikoyenera kudzala pafupi mwezi ndi hafu isanayambike chisanu choyamba chisanu, kotero kuti shallot ikhoza kukula, koma imayamba kukula. 
Kwa kummwera kwakumidzi, izi ziri pafupi kuyamba ndi pakati pa Oktoba. Anyezi amabzalidwa mumtunda pansi pa mzere, kutenga mtunda wa masentimita 30 pakati pawo. Mtunda pakati pa zomera uyenera kukhala osachepera 10 cm.
Mababu akhoza kuikidwa m'manda 10 cm kapena kumanzere 3 cm pamwamba pa nthaka pamwamba. Mutabzala, shallots mulch ndi humus kapena peat, wosanjikiza wa 3-4 masentimita, amene achotsedwa m'chaka.
Kawirikawiri anabzala anyezi m'nyengo yachisanu kumadzulo. Ngakhale kuti mbewuyi imatchuka chifukwa cha kuzizira kwazizira kwambiri, imatha kupirira mazira mpaka madigiri -20 ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu pambuyo pa kuzizizira, pakatikati panthawi yozizira kubzala kulibe pangozi yotaya pafupifupi theka la mbewu. 
Ubwino wa shallot yophukira kubzala ndi mapangidwe ambiri obiriwira masamba kusiyana ndi pamene anabzala kumayambiriro kasupe. Kuwombera kumawonekera patangotha chisanu, amadyera amatenga molawirira kwambiri.
Kutha kwa nyengo
M'chaka, pamene chiopsezo cha chisanu chadutsa, mukhoza kudzala shallots pa amadyera. Izi kawirikawiri kumapeto kwa April - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May. Mavitamini a feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito musanabzala - 25 g pa 1 sq. M. Mababuwo amaikidwa mozizira, okonzeka kubzala nthaka mozama masentimita 12, poyang'ana mtunda pakati pa masentimita 30, ndi pakati pa mbande - pafupifupi masentimita 15.
Pa mita imodzi yamtunda ayenera kukhala mababu 30 a pafupifupi kukula kofanana. Ngati ndi kotheka, chodzala kuthirira madzi ndi kuzungulira ndi peat kapena humus. Pofuna kupeŵa zizindikiro zamtengo wapatali, shallot ili ndi lutrasil. Akangoyamba kubiriwira, malo obisala amachotsedwa kuti masamba asasinthe.
Kusamalira mabedi osokoneza pa nthenga zobiriwira
Kukula shallots kumaphatikizapo ntchito zotsatirazi: kusalima, kumasula nthaka ndi kuthirira. Kuthirira kumathandiza kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula, m'nyengo yowuma, madzi ayenera kuthiriridwa katatu, pogwiritsira ntchito 15-20 malita a madzi pa 1 mita imodzi. Mwezi umodzi musanayeretsedwe, kuthirira kuyenera kuyima.
Ngati dothi silikusiyana ndi chonde, pambuyo pa kukula kwa masamba, shallots ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza nitrogenous: urea, zitosi za mbalame, mullein: 1 ndowa yothetsera 10 mita mamita. mamita a nthaka.
Dulani masamba
Popeza mbewuyo idabzalidwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, palibe nthawi yeniyeni yonena za nthawi yokolola. Mosasamala kanthu za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya shallots yomwe idabzalidwa kuti ikakamize nthenga, iyenera kuchotsedwa pamene zobiriwira zafika pamtunda wa masentimita 30. Pakatikati pa kasupe kubzala izi zimachitika mu July.
Mukangomva kuti mphukira ya shallot imafooketsedwa, mutembenuke wotumbululuka, mukhale wochepa thupi ndipo mumakhala pansi, anyezi ayenera kutsukidwa mwamsanga. Pamene shallot imakula pamitengo yosiyanasiyana, nthenga zimadulidwa mosankhidwa. 
Ndizo zokhazo zomwe zafika kutalika kwake, ndizoyenerera, nthenga imeneyo imakhala yokwanira, imasunga mawonekedwe ake, imakhala bwino ndipo imatengedwa. Ndikofunika kuti musaphonye nthawi yokolola, monga masamba amadzakhala ovuta, kutembenukira chikasu ndikusiya juiciness ndi kukoma.
