Imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zokongoletsera kanyumba kanu ka chilimwe ndi spruce wa ku Serbia. Zimakopa ogula osati kokha chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake akunja, komanso chifukwa cha kukhalitsa kwake, komanso kumasuka. Koma kodi izi ndizokwanira kuti ziwonongeke anthu ena onse?
Kulongosola mwachidule
Mtundu wa spruce wa ku Serbia, womwe dzina lake la sayansi ndilo picea omorika, limaimira banja la Pine. Dziko la Serbia limaonedwa kuti ndi malo obadwira.
Mukudziwa? Mphukira ya ku Serbia inapezeka koyamba ndi Joseph Pancic mu 1875.Kutalika kwa chomera chotero ndi pafupifupi pafupifupi mamita 15-20. Pali zochepa pamene spruce imakula ndi mamita 50. M'lifupi la masamba obiriwira - 3-4 mamita, ndipo kukula kwake kwa thunthu sikudutsa mamita 1. Kukula kwa mtengowo kwa chaka chonse kumakhala masentimita 35 mu msinkhu komanso kufika masentimita 15 m'lifupi. Zaka - pafupi zaka 300.
Mchere umakhala wofiira, koma pambuyo kusasitsa umakhala wakuda, 4-7 cm kutalika. Nthawi ya kucha ndi August. Mtundu uwu wa conifer ndi wokana kwambiri ndi chisanu, mphepo, mthunzi, utsi, matenda ndi mitundu yonse ya tizirombo. Koma mfundo yake yofooka imatha kupezeka ndi nthata za akangaude ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.Mukasankha chomera chotchedwa siteti, yew, juniper, larch, pine, fir, araucaria, mkungudza wa elfin, mkungudza, mkungudza, cryptomeria, mkungudza, thuja iyenera kuonedwa kuti yayandikira.
Zosiyanasiyana
Pafupifupi, pali mitundu 16 ya spruce ya ku Serbia. Odziwika kwambiri ndi "Karel", "Nana", "Pendula". Pafupifupi zonse mu dongosolo.
Spruce spruce "Karel" amasiyana ndi ena mu kukula kwake ndi kukula kwake kwa chisanu. Mtengo woyenera wotentha umachokera ku -23 mpaka -29 madigiri Celsius. Kutalika kwa chomera chachikulu kumasiyanasiyana pakati pa 60 ndi 80 masentimita. Kulemera kwake kwa korona ndi 1.2 mamita. Kukula kwa chaka ndi chaka ndi masentimita 7. Kufotokozera kwa spruce ya ku Serbia "Nana" zosiyana pang'ono ndi zapitazo. Zithunzi zofanana zofanana (100-120 masentimita), chisanu chotsutsana (chimayima kutentha kuchokera ku -34 mpaka -40 madigiri) ndi kukula kwa chaka (7-10 cm). Cardinally, "Nana" imasiyana ndi "Karela" yomwe ikugwirizana ndi nthaka ndi mpweya uliwonse. Choncho, ndi mtengo uwu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mizinda ikuluikulu. 
Serbian Pendula Spruce Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapepala osiyanasiyana, minda, malo, ndi zina zotero. Cholinga chotere cha "Pendulu" chiripo chifukwa cha thunthu lopotoka, lomwe limapereka mtengo ndi kukongola kwake. Msinkhu ukhoza kufika mamita 10. Mpando wachifumuwu ndi wandiweyani kwambiri, kotero kukula kwake ndi kochepa - 1.5m mamita. "Pendula", monga mapulasi omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, ali ndi ubwino wokhala ndi chisanu. 
Ndikofunikira! Pakati pa thunthu la mbeu yanu silimangidwe, muyenera kumangiriza.
Kusankha malo
Simusowa kupusitsa mutu wanu posankha malo pamene spruce ya Serbian imasinthidwa kumbali iliyonse Kupatulapo kumaphatikizapo saline kapena nthaka yovuta. Zikhoza kuyambitsa chikasu cha singano. Zosavomerezeka ndizosankha pakati pa malo osungira ndi dzuwa. Pa kuthirira, m'chilimwe pamtengo umodzi ukhoza kutenga madzi okwanira 20 malita pa sabata.
Malo okonzekera musanadzalemo
Ngati dothi likuda, musanabzala liyenera kukhala limestone, ndipo ngati liri lotayirira kapena lolemera kwambiri, liyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi dongo kapena mchenga. Komanso, nthaka sayenera kukhala ndi zinyalala kapena zinthu zomwe zingalepheretse kukula kwa mtengo.
Njira yolowera mofulumira
- Choyamba muyenera kukumba dzenje lakuya masentimita 60 mozama. Zake zapamwamba ziyenera kukhala 40-60 masentimita, ndipo m'munsi mwake m'mimba mwake - 30-50 masentimita. Kuwunikira gulu, mtunda wa pakati pa spruces wamamera uyenera kukhala 0,5-1 mamita Ngati tikulankhula za mitengo ya sing'anga kukula, ndiye nthawiyi ndi pafupi mamita 3-5 ndipo ngati ndi wamkulu, ndiposa mamita asanu. Ngati nthaka ikulemera kapena nthaka yake ikuda, madzi akuyenera kuikidwa pansi pa dzenje. Amakhala ndi miyala yophwanyika kapena njerwa yosweka ndi mchenga 15-20 masentimita wandiweyani. Kenaka, kuti kukula kwa mtengo kukhale kotheka komanso kofulumira, ndikofunika kukonzekera nthaka yosakaniza. Pa ichi mukufunikira peat, humus, mchenga ndi feteleza "Nitroammofoska." Kusakaniza kumeneku kumatsanulidwira m'dzenje pamwamba pa madzi osanjikiza ndi kutsanulira ndi 5 malita a madzi.
- Timasunthira mwachindunji kubzala kwa mbeu. Choyamba muyenera kupeza chomera kuchokera mu chidebe. Ndi zofunika kuti muzu wa mtengo udye mtanda wa dziko lapansi. Apo ayi, mtengowo umapweteka kapena suzuka. Ndikofunika kuyika mmera mu dzenje kuti thunthu liwoneke bwino komanso khosi silinamizidwe pansi. Momwemo, iyenera kukhala ikuda ndi nthaka. Mwa kuyika chomera molingana ndi malangizo, mutha kuziphimba ndi dziko lapansi ndikuziphwanya.
- Tikagwira ntchito yaikulu, imangokhala madzi okha. Mitengo yamadzi imadalira kukula kwa chomera. Ngati ndi kotheka, mmerawo ukhoza kumangirizidwa ku mitengo iwiri. Musaiwale kuti nthawi yabwino yobzala firs ndi autumn (kumayambiriro kwa September) ndi kasupe (mochedwa April).
Mukudziwa? Mbalame yakale kwambiri padziko lapansi ili ku Iran. Mbadwo wake uli pafupi zaka zikwi zinai.
Malangizo othandizira ena
Kusamalira spruce kuli muzinthu zingapo, kutsata zomwe zidzateteze chomera chanu ku matenda osiyanasiyana. Komanso, prophylaxis ndi yopindulitsa komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nkhawa m'tsogolo.
Kuthirira, kumasula, kukulitsa
M'nyengo yotentha, madzi ayenera kumwa madzi kamodzi pa sabata, pokhala 10-20 malita a madzi, malingana ndi kukula kwake.
Ngati chomeracho ndi chachinyamata, m'pofunika kumasula nthaka osachepera 7 cm.
Mitengo yaing'ono yokha ndiyofunika mulching. Masentimita asanu a peat kapena utuchi amalowetsa mchere wambiri kwa chaka chonse.
Kudulira
Pali mitundu iwiri yokonza: zokongoletsera ndi zaukhondo. 
Poyamba, kudulira kuyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga mutabzala. Potero, mudzatha kupanga korona ndi mizu yoyenderana ndi wina ndi mnzake. Kudulira kotereku kumachitika bwino kumapeto kwa nyengo, chifukwa ngati mukuchita izi panthawi ya kukula (nyengo yomwe spruce ikukula ndikukula), pali ngozi yaikulu yowonetsa chomera ku matenda osiyanasiyana.
Ndikofunikira! Musadulire pamwamba pa mutu. Zimangosokoneza spruce.Mtundu wachiwiri wokhala mtengo wa coniferous ndi wodzisunga. Kawirikawiri zimapezeka ngati nthambi:
- wosweka;
- owuma;
- odwala;
- atapachikidwa pansi.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yodulira mitengo iliyonse ndi chithandizo cha misewu wapadera kapena zowona dzanja. Zida zimenezi zidzakuthandizani kuti muyambe kukonza bwino kwambiri, chifukwa pazitsamba zovuta ndi zolakwika pali chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda. 
Kuteteza matenda ndi tizirombo
Monga tanenera poyamba, adani enieni a spruce a ku Serbian ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi akangaude.
Pofuna kupewa choyamba tizilombo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mafuta a potashi kapena infusions a tizilombo zomera tikulimbikitsidwa. Chimodzi mwa izi ndi anyezi. Kukonzekera kulowetsedwa kumafuna 200 g ya mankhusu ake okha. Iyenera kuikidwa mu 10 malita a madzi ofunda ndi kusungidwa pamenepo masiku 4-5, ndiyeno nkusankhidwa. Sopani mbewuyo ndi madzi katatu m'masiku asanu.
Nkhumba zimaoneka ngati zikulephera kusamalira spruce. Njira yaikulu yodzitetezera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndiyo kupewa chilala chokhalitsa. Pakati pa njira zina zothandizira ziyenera kuzindikiranso zothandiza kwambiri: kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi colloidal sulfure kapena kulowetsedwa kwa adyo. Konzani kulowetsedwa uku ndi kosavuta. Zosakaniza Zofunikira:
- mtsuko wambiri wa mano a adyo;
- 0,5 malita a mafuta a masamba oyeretsedwa;
- 30 ml wa sopo wamadzi.
Zima
Kuti chomeracho chikhalebe momwe zinaliri pambuyo pachisanu, muyenera kutsatira malamulo angapo.
Choyamba, nkofunika kupereka mtengo wokhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu, chomwe chidzathandiza m'nyengo yozizira. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa musanayambe chisanu choopsa, chomwe chili kumapeto kwa November. Ngati spruce ndi yaing'ono, ndiye kuti zidebe 2-3 za madzi zikhale zokwanira. Mulimonsemo, ngati spruce ikufika mamita angapo / mamita mamita mu msinkhu, madzi ambiri sayenera kukhala osachepera 5 ndowa.
Chachiwiri, pambuyo pa matalala aakulu, tikulimbikitsanso kuchotsa nthambi za chisanu.
Ndikofunikira! Palibe chifukwa chochita izi mwa kugwedeza thunthu kapena nthambi okha.Monga zida, mungagwiritse ntchito tsache kapena broshi yapadera. Ndikofunika kuyeretsa kutsogolo kuchokera kunthambi za nthambi ku thunthu.
Koma palinso tsoka lina, lofanana ndi chipale chofewa, - mvula yozizira. Popeza kuti madontho akuthirapo nthambi sizingagwire ntchito, amafunika kumangirira. Pakapita nthawi, ayeziwo adzasungunuka ndipo korona sizidzasowa thandizo.
Chachitatu, ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira muyenera kusamala ndi zotentha. Kawirikawiri kukhumudwa koteroku kumachitika mu February, pa nthawi ya thaw. Pofuna kupewa, ndikofunika kuphimba firitsi ndi kupaka ndi kukulunga ndi chingwe. Motero, korona sizidzawotcha ndipo, chifukwa chake, zidzauma. Koma simuyenera kuphimba mwamtundu wonse pamwamba pa mtengo. Muyenera kusiya zochepa, ndipo ngati spruce ndi yaikulu, ndiye kuti mumangofunika kutseka gawo lake lakumwera. 
Gwiritsani ntchito kupanga mapangidwe
Spruce ndi chida chakupha mu zida zonse za mlengi. Mtengo wosankhidwa bwino ndi woikidwa umatha kusintha gawo lokhazikika, lokhazikika kuti likhale losamvetsetseka! Kuphatikiza bwino zonsezi kungakhale katswiri, koma nsonga zotsatirazi zidzakhala zosangalatsa kwa aliyense popanda kupatulapo.
1. Kutuluka kwa spruce ku Serbia kumawoneka bwino kwambiri monga tapeworm. Pofuna kutsindika mitundu yonse yachisomo, udzu wa emerald mthunzi umagwira ntchito bwino.
2. Khoma ndilo njira yoyenera kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi naturofiles ndi anthu omwe ali otopa ndi conservatism ndi mediocrity ya mipanda wamba. Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi yakuthandizani kuzindikira zovuta za kubzala ndikusiya mphukira ya ku Serbia, phunzirani za ubwino ndi zowononga za zomera. Tsopano mungathe kudzipereka nokha yankho la funso ngati mukufuna kubzala m'bwalo lanu.
