Chomera chokongoletsera chochokera ku Southeast Asia ndi dzina lopambana "Pyracantha" likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mapangidwe a malo. Chomera chosathachi chimakondweretsa wamaluwa m'chaka ndi maluwa ambiri, ndi kugwa - ndi zipatso zowala bwino.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Zosatha, ndikumera kwa nyengo yotentha - masamba obiriwira, ali ndi masamba obiriwira a mdima wobiriwira ndi minga, mpaka kufika masentimita 2.5 m'litali. Maluwa a maluwa kumapeto kwa nyengo kwambiri: kumbuyo kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono tating'ono tomwe timapanga, koma masamba sali owonekera.
Pa chiwembu chanu mukhoza kukula zina zokongola zitsamba, mwachitsanzo, mphukira yopanda malire, tsache, camellia, lilac, bobovnik, rhododendron, wolberry, skoumpiyu, ndi ryabnik.
Pyracanthus maluwa ali ndi zodabwitsa zokoma zonunkhira ndipo amadziwika ndi uchi wokongola makhalidwe. Pa fruiting shrub ili ndi zipatso za chikasu, malalanje kapena zofiira. M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira ndi yozizira, pyracanthus sichitsamba masamba - amangokhala ndi mtundu wofiira. 
Pyracantha ndi ya mtundu wa Rosaceae ndipo umaphatikizidwira m'banja la Apple la ana aang'ono, kotero zipatso zake zikhoza kuonedwa ngati maapulo ang'onoang'ono. Kutanthauzidwa kuchokera ku dzina lachi Greek la chitsamba kumatanthauza "moto".
Mukudziwa? Dzina lachiwiri, lomwe limakhala ndi shrub, limawoneka ngati "munga wamoto." Lingaliro lokha chifukwa chake mbewuyo imatchedwa, amatsutsana: ena wamaluwa amalimbikira kuti shrub imatchedwa chifukwa cha zipatso zofiira zamoto zomwe zimaphimba chitsamba m'nyengo ya autumn ndi yozizira, ndi ena - kuti chifukwa cha minga pang'ono ya chomeracho, jekeseni yomwe imakhala yopweteka kwambiri komanso yowawa.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Pyracanthus imaphatikizapo mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya zitsamba. Chitsamba chingakhale chowongoka ndi chophwanyika:
- Pinacea pyracantha. Anayambitsa kukonza, akhoza kufika kutalika kwa mamita 4. Mbewu zimayambira zimaphimbidwa ndi masamba ochepa ndipo amakhala ndi minga. Pa nthawi ya fruiting, zipatsozo zimakhala ndi mtundu wa lalanje wolemera.
- Pyracantha ndi yofiira kwambiri, monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzichi, sichikusiyana mu msinkhu, ndipo kutalika kwa korona kumatha kufika mamita asanu, zomwe ziyenera kuwerengedwa panthawi yobzala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga linga, pamene limangowonjezera kupanga ndi kudulira kwakukulu, sikufuna madzi okwanira mobwerezabwereza ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Zipatso za mitundu iyi zili ndi zofiira kwambiri.
- Zokongoletsera Pyracantha. Anagwiritsa ntchito kumanga zitsamba pamtunda wochepa kwambiri.
- Gorodnaya pyracantha amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsera miyala yamaluwa, kupanga malire, mazenera.
Kumene angabzala pyranthant?
Pyracantha imakula pamtunda wosiyana kwambiri: sikufuna kuti dziko lapansi likhale lopangidwa, koma silikukondanso kwambiri.
Kuunikira ndi malo
Kuunikira ndi kusankha malo a pyracantha ndi kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa kukongoletsa kwa chomeracho kumatayika mumthunzi, ndipo masamba a masamba ake amavutika dzuwa. Choncho, mutabzala chitsambachi muyenera kusankha malo kutetezedwa ku mphepo ndi penumbra.
Dothi la mbewu
Chomeracho sichinafune kuti nthaka ikhale yozungulira, ikhoza kukulirakulira ngakhale m'mayiko owerengeka.
Tikufika
Poyesera kupeza pyracanthus yokongola ya chitsamba, mutabzala ndi kusamalira bwino, muyenera kukumbukira kuti chomerachi chimakonda mapiri, mapiri, koma osati otsika.
Ndikofunikira! Pyracantha, amene anabzala m'chigwachi, akudwala ndipo samakula bwino.
Bzalani mmera kumayambiriro kwa kasupe nthaka itangoyamba. Chombo chotsetsereka chimakumbidwa kwa kuya kwakukulu kwambiri kawiri monga bedi ladothi limene chomeracho chinabzalidwa. Pansi pake amamasulidwa mosamala, nthaka yofukula imasakanizidwa ndi kompositi ndipo imayikidwa muzing'ono. Mbeuyi imayikidwa ndi dziko lapansi.
Kuchokera ku mbewu
Kubzala mbeu ya pyracanths imapangidwa m'dzinja, pafupi ndi nyengo yozizira. Kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe mungathe kukula pokhapokha zomwe zimapezeka kuthengo - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ikhoza kutayika.
Pakubereka yokongola shrub ndi chithandizo cha mbewu, choyamba choyamba ndi Kusonkhanitsa zokolola. Nthangazi zimakhala mu zipatso za pyracanths, amafunika kupatsidwa nthawi yakuphuka. Nthawi yabwino yosonkhanitsa mbewu ndi m'dzinja. Mbeu zowonongeka zimafuna zouma pang'ono, kenako chotsani nyembazo, zitsukeni ndikuziyala kuti ziume.
Kumapeto kwa mvula, mbewu zimabzalidwa m'mabedi okonzeka kuti masentimita atatu azidutswa. Mabedi okonza munda amakonzedwa sabata isanayambe kutsogolo kwa zomera. Dera limeneli limakumba mpaka 30-40 masentimita masentimita, humus ndiwonjezeredwa, nthaka imasakanizidwa bwino ndi feteleza ndipo imayambitsidwa ndi rake. Mu kasupe pali mphukira - wochezeka, koma mosiyana ndi kukula ndi mtundu wa tsamba. Pakuti kubzala mipando amasankhidwa mbande zofanana.
Mukhozanso kubzala mbewu masikakoma pazimenezi nkofunikira kuyambitsa ndondomeko ya stratification kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira, yomwe si yabwino. Mbewu imafesedwa m'bokosi ndi peat wothira, yomwe imayikidwa mufiriji kwa miyezi itatu. Panthawi imeneyi ndikofunika kusunga chinyezi cha peat. 
Kuyambira cuttings
Komanso pyracanthus imafalitsa ndi cuttings. Njirayi imakulolani kuti mubale mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi kusungirako zikhalidwe zonse za amayi. Nsonga za nthambi zomwe zatsala zitatha kudulira chilimwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati cuttings. Mitengo yambiri imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma yoyamba idzaphuka mofulumira.
Wathanzi ndi wamphamvu amatha kufika 20 cm kutalika (masamba achotsedwa kwa iwo) amasankhidwa ku nthambi zowulidwa ndikuyika njira yothetsera kupangidwira mizu kwa kanthawi. Pambuyo pake, iwo abzalidwa mchenga mchenga mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa rooting. Pochita rooting, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti cuttings amafunika mpweya wabwino ndi chinyezi.
Pambuyo pa masabata atatu kapena anayi, ndondomeko ya mizu ikhonza kuonedwa ngati yodzaza. Mwezi ingapo mudzatha kuona kukula kwa chitsamba. Mu nyengo yotentha, chitsamba chimakula kwa chaka - mutatha kubzala pamalo otseguka.
Monga mpanda, thuja, minga, boxwood, hawthorn, forsythia, privet, barberry ya Turnberg nthawi zambiri amabzala.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?
Pyracantha ndi shrub yomwe kumafuna chidwi chenicheni:
- kudulira mvula kumapeto kwa zipatso;
- chovala chimodzi pa nyengo;
- kuthirira moyenera.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi pyracantum, samalani nokha chitetezo ndikukumbukira za spikes zopweteka. Tetezani manja ndi magetsi akuluakulu.
Kuthirira
Pyracantha ndi zomera zosagonjetsedwa ndi chilala. M'chilengedwe, nthawi zambiri amapezeka akukula pamtunda wa mchenga ndi kumenyera.
Kupaka pamwamba
M'chaka, chitsamba chimadyetsedwa mwa kugwiritsa ntchito organic kapena mchere wovuta feteleza. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito madiresi apamwamba ngati mawonekedwe a granules - amakhala otalika kwambiri.
Kudulira
Pyracantha imakula mofulumira kwambiri, chotero kupanga kudulira kumafunika kuti tipe mawonekedwe a chomeracho. Kudulira kwakukulu kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, nthawi yomwe mapiritsi asanapite patsogolo. Pamene kudulira amafunika kuchotsa zipatso za zokolola zotsiriza.
Mukudziwa? Pirakantu ndi zophweka kupanga, kupanga zojambula zosangalatsa mu mawonekedwe. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kumanga nthambi zazikulu kuti zithandizidwe, ndipo ngati chomeracho chikagwiritsidwa ntchito, chithandizocho chichotsedwa, ndipo chitsamba chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe omwe mukufunikira, zomwe mukufunikira kuti muzisunga ndi kudula nthambi zomwe sizikuyenda molakwika.
Chakumapeto kwa August, kudulira kwaukhondo kumachitidwa kuti kachiwiri kukonzanso pyranthant.
Kodi chomera chimapitirira bwanji?
Chitsamba sichifunikira malo ogona. Kawirikawiri, m'mbali mwathu, ndi matalala amphamvu kwambiri, nthambi zina zimawombera pang'ono, koma, monga lamulo, amachira mofulumira kwambiri. Zindikirani kuti ngakhale mazira ozizira a -20 ° C, popanda kukhalapo kwa chisanu, samabweretsa chovulaza chilichonse chomera.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Izi zokongoletsera shrub sizilimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, koma ngati kukula kwa zinthu sikunakumane, Chomeracho chingakhudzidwe:
- fungasi;
- bakiteriya kuwotcha;
- khamulo.
Mbali za kulima (mu chipinda, bonsai)
Zapadera za kukula pirakanty kunyumba yotsatilidwa kutsatira malamulo:
- Kupereka mpweya watsopano, mwinamwake chomeracho chidzapezeka ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.
- Pyracanthus amamva mopweteka kwambiri kwa chinyezi chokwanira komanso kusowa kwake. Iyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse komanso mochuluka, makamaka ikaphulika. Madzi omwe amasonkhana mu poto ayenera kuthiridwa.
- M'nthawi yozizira, m'pofunikira kupereka pyracante nthawi yopuma. Kuti muchite izi, chitsamba chimaikidwa m'chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wouma ndi kutentha pang'ono pamwamba pa 0 ° C, kuthirira ndi kuchepetsedwa.
- N'zotheka kubwezeretsa pyracantha osapitirira zaka 3, chifukwa sakukonda zambiri pamene mizu yake ikuvutitsidwa.
Polima m'mphika, gwiritsani ntchito pyranth yofiira kapena yotopetsa, yopanga chomera chokhala ngati chomera.
Pogwiritsa ntchito bonsai ku Piracanthus, mphukira zachitsamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa zimakhala zosavuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Koma, pochita nawo ntchito, musaiwale zachindunji, monga momwe mphukira zobiriwira zimadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa fragility.
