Anthu anayamba kudya nyama ya kalulu kuyambira nthawi zakale. Amakonda anthu ambiri chifukwa cha kukoma kwake komanso zakudya zawo. Kawirikawiri, kusamalira akalulu sikungatenge nthawi yambiri komanso khama, koma zinyama izi nthawi zambiri zimawathandiza. Zingatheke ngakhale kuti anthu onse afa tsiku limodzi. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndi kofunika kwambiri kuzindikira nthawi yowonongeka ndikuyamba mankhwala mwamsanga. Imodzi mwa matenda owopsa kwambiri ndi myxomatosis, yomwe ingadziwonetsere pakalulu akalulu. Kuwonjezera apo mu nkhaniyi tidzamvetsa zomwe matendawa amatanthauza, momwe tingachitire nyama panyumba ndi zomwe tingachite kuti tipewe kuchitika kwa matendawa.
Ndi mtundu wanji wa matenda ndi zomwe ziri zoopsa
Myxomatosis ndi matenda opha chifukwa cha izi. Zotsatira zakupha ndizofala, kotero kuti mankhwala ayenera kufulumira ndi kulondola. Wothandizira causative wa myxomatosis ndi membala wa banja la poxvirus ndipo akugwirizana kwambiri ndi nthomba. 
Ndizovuta kwambiri kuchotseratu kachilomboka, chifukwa zimapirira kulekerera zambiri zowoneka kunja, kusunga makhalidwe ake owononga kwa nthawi yaitali. Zaphunziridwa kuti kachilombo ka HIV kamatha kukhala yogwira ntchito ndipo imakhala ndi ngozi kwa miyezi itatu pansi pa kutentha kwa 8-10 ° C. Pa kutentha kwa 15-20 ° C, kachilomboka kamene kamakhala mu khungu la nyama kwa chaka chimodzi. Ngakhalenso atatha kufa, kachilombo ka HIV kangathe kukhala yogwira ntchito m'kati mwa sabata.
Ndikofunikira! Myxomatosis imakhudza akalulu apanyumba osiyana, azaka ndi zaka zosiyana. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nyama zinyama zosapitirira miyezi iwiri zimayambitsa kachilombo kosavuta poyerekeza ndi achikulire.
Kodi zimafalitsidwa bwanji?
DNA yomwe imakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a myxomatosis, imakhala m'magazi achidutswa ndi khungu la nyama, komanso m'ziwalo za mkati ndi mwazi mwachindunji. Kachilombo kamene kamatha kufika kumalo akunja chifukwa cha zosiyana siyana kuchokera m'magazi a m'mphuno ndi maso a nyama yodwala, kapena kuti adachira.
Kutenga kwa nyama zina zathanzi kumachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
- Chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa magazi zomwe zingatenge kachilomboka. Izi siziphatikizapo udzudzu wokha, komanso nkhupakupa, utitiri.
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kulandira ngati odwala komanso nyama zathanzi zimakhala pamodzi.
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timathanso kugunda thupi ngati nyama idya ndikumwa kuchokera kwa odyetsa ndi akumwa omwewo. Mukhoza kunyamula matendawa kudzera muzolemba ndi manja a munthu amene amasamalira zinyama.
Nthendayi imakhala yotentha m'chilimwe, chifukwa nyengo yachisanu imakhala yofala kwambiri.Mukudziwa? Myxomatosis poyamba inapezeka mu 1898 ku Uruguay. Matendawa anabwera kumayiko athu okha mu 2005. Imfa imatha mathero 75-90%.
Mafomu ndi zizindikiro
Myxomatosis yagawanika mitundu iwiri: edematous ndi nodular.
Maonekedwe okongola Matenda amayamba mofulumira kwambiri ndipo, mwatsoka, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa. Kuchiritsa ndizosatheka.
Matendawa amadziwonetsa choyamba mwa mawonekedwe a kutupa kwa maso, omwe mwamsanga amatembenukira kukhala conjunctivitis. Komanso, mwamsanga mwamsanga mukuyamba kupanga ziphuphu. Mphuno imakhala kutupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti chinyama chipume, kupweteka miyendo kumamveka pammero, ndipo chifuwa chimakokera chifuwa. Pang'onopang'ono thupi lonse limakhala ndi zotupa, zoterezi zimadzaza ndi madzi. Kalulu sakudya ndipo samagwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, nyama imamwalira masiku khumi.
Pambuyo podziwika za kukhalapo kwa mtundu uwu wa myxomatosis mu nyama, iyenera nthawi yomweyo kusamukira kwa anthu abwino, apo ayi matendawa adzafalikira mofulumira. Ngati chinyama chafa, ndiye kuti zotsalirazo zikulimbikitsidwa kuti zikhalepo. 
Maonekedwe osasintha Myxomatosis ndi yovuta kwambiri kwa akalulu kuposa zowona. Nyama zambiri zimachiritsidwa ndipo zimatha kupulumuka (molingana ndi chiwerengero, kuti akalulu odwala ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 50%).
Chizindikiro cha mtundu uwu wa matenda ndi mapangidwe azing'ono (mfundo) pa thupi la nyamayo. Kaŵirikaŵiri amapangidwa makamaka pamutu. Iwo angakhalenso atha kwa kanthawi, koma kenako awonekenso. Mitundu yambiri ya mafinya imayang'ana m'maso ndi kuzungulira makutu. Gawo lachiŵiri la myxomatosis ndi maonekedwe a conjunctivitis, purulent discharge m'maso mwa kalulu, maso ake otsekedwa, ndi kupuma kwakukulu. Mphuno yothamanga imatha kuwonekera.
Ngati wofalitsa kalulu sakudziwa zizindikiro za myxomatosis mu akalulu ndipo samayamba mankhwala, ndiye kuti nyamayo ikhoza kufa masiku awiri, kapena ngakhale kale. Izi zimachitika kuti odwala amatha kukhala ndi masabata awiri, koma nthawi yonseyi akuzunzidwa kwambiri ndikuvutika ndi ululu.
Mukudziwa? Kalulu wa pygmy ndi mtundu waling'ono kwambiri akalulu. Nyama yakale kawirikawiri imakhala yolemera kuposa 450 g, ndipo kutalika kwake kungakhale ngati pafupifupi masentimita 22-35.
Zosokoneza
Malingaliro omwe mungathe kudziwa kuti myxomatosis mumalulu ndi akalulu ndi olakwitsa. Zolondola komanso zomaliza zowunikira zidzaika kokha vet. Matenda oterewa akuchitika mu labotale. 
Choyamba, katswiri amatenga khungu la khungu pamodzi ndi minofu yapansi kuchokera kwa wodwala. Pambuyo pake, amachititsa histoscopy kukhalapo kwa myxomatosis. Ndipo pokhapokha atagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, veterinarian adzatha kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa kuti kalulu ali ndi kachilomboka.
Kuchuluka kwa zotheka kufalikira, komanso kuopsa kwake kwa matendawa, kumatanthauza kwenikweni kuti abambo azitha kukaonana ndi veterinarian ngakhale pang'ono kukayikira za kukhalapo kwa kachilomboka. Chifukwa cha kudzipweteka, zotsatira zake ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa. Mwa njira iyi, zidzatheka kuthetsa imfa ya kalulu pafupi, komanso kupha anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino lomwe ali pafamu yathu. Chithandizo chokhazikika panthaŵi yake ndi mankhwala omwe amatha kungathetsere mliri.
Phunzirani mmene mungaperekere akalulu a pasteurellosis ndi coccidiosis.
Chochita, ndizotheka kuchiza akalulu
Ngati kukhalapo kwa matendawa kumatsimikiziridwa, akuluakulu a zinyama ali ndi ufulu kulowetsa m'madera ena. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, ndiyeso yowonjezera yowonjezera, yomwe cholinga chake chidzathetseratu matendawa ndikuletsa kufalikira kwa kachirombo ka HIV pakati pa hares. Chisamaliro chapadera chimaperekedwa kwa kutetezedwa kwa malo omwe akalulu ankasungidwa ndi kuyenda. Komanso, asanayambe kudwala myxomatosis m'kalulu, zipangizo ndi zida zomwe anagwiritsidwa ntchito powasamalira zimatetezedwa mwachitsulo. 
Matenda oterewa ndi ovuta kuchiza, koma ndikotheka kupulumutsa moyo wa akalulu kumayambiriro kwa kugonjetsedwa.
- Choyamba, odwala okhala ndi colic amalowetsedwa ndi "Gamavita", 2 ml tsiku lililonse. Izi zikupitirira mpaka kalulu atayambiranso.
- Komanso, tsiku lirilonse liyenera kuperekedwa pansi pa khungu "Fosprenil" 1 ml.
- Mwa zina, kawiri akalulu, akalulu amapatsidwa Baytril ngati madzi akumwa. Thandizoli limakhala masiku asanu ndi awiri. Mlingo umawerengedwa molingana ndi kulemera kwa nyama. Zidzatenga 1 ml ya mankhwala pa 10 kg ya kalulu wolemera.
- Ngati pali chikayikiro cha kutaya thupi kwa nyama, ndiye kuti ayenera kupatsidwa yankho la "Ringer".
- Madontho a mphuno amathandiza kuchepetsa kupuma ndikuchepetsa kuchepa. Mabalawo ayenera kuperekedwa ndi mankhwala oledzeretsa a ayodini kapena ofanana nawo.
Ndikofunikira! Kupewa kuphulika kwatsopano kwa matenda a tizilombo kumathandizira kusungika kwaokha kwa miyezi 2-3 mutachira nyama zonse.
Choletsedwa kuchita
Pamene myxomatosis imapezeka mu akalulu akalulu, ambiri amadabwa ngati anthu angadye nyama ya nyama zoterezi. Yankho losavomerezekabe silinapatse aliyense. Kawirikawiri, matenda oterowo si owopsa kwa thanzi la munthu, popeza kalulu yekha akhoza kutenga kachilomboka. Pankhani imeneyi, ambiri amanena kuti ngati chinyama chikadali moyo, nyamayo ikhoza kudyedwa, zidzakwanira kutsukidwa bwino ndikuziphika bwino. 
Palinso anthu omwe, ngakhale amadziwa kuti nyama iyi siowopsa kwa iwo, sangathe kuigwiritsa ntchito chifukwa cha aesthetics ndi ukhondo. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa nyama zodwala nthawi zambiri siziwoneka bwino.
Palinso lingaliro kuti sikutheka kudya nyama ya nyama iliyonse yomwe idakhala ndi matenda ena. Anthu oterewa amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kawirikawiri, chisankho chokhudzana ndi kudya nyama kuchokera kwa kalulu wodwalayo chimasiyidwa kwa aliyense kuti azitenga yekha. Palibe chiletso kuchokera kwa madokotala pa izi. Chinthu chachikulu chochita izi chinali kulolera kumverera mwachikondi (kutanthauza kupezeka / kusawonedwa).
Werengani komanso zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochiza akalulu: "Solikoks", "Tromeksin", "Baykoks", "Tylosin", "Enroksil", "Enrofloxacin", "Vetom 1.1", "Lozeval".
Kodi katemera angakuthandizeni?
Katemera woyenera angathandize kuti kalulu akhale wathanzi. Katemera amachitika nthawi imodzi kuchokera ku myxomitosis ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda matenda a akalulu (UHD). Pachifukwa ichi, jekeseni imodzi sikukwanira. Katemera ayenera kuchitika m'magulu angapo. Pamene katemera amaperekedwa kwa akalulu a myxomatosis, timalongosola kuti:
- Jekeseni yoyamba iyenera kuperekedwa kwa kalulu ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi theka. Kulemera kwake kwa nyama ayenera kukhala wapamwamba kuposa 500 g.
- Jekeseni wachiwiri imaperekedwa miyezi itatu itatha yoyamba.
- Katemera wotsatira ayenera kuchitika nthawi zonse, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Mukudziwa? Akalulu amatha kufika msinkhu wa 56 km / h. Koma mofulumira nthawi zonse azikhala achibale awo, omwe amatha kuyenda mofulumira 72 km / h.
Kupewa
Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la matenda a ziweto, nkofunika kuteteza matendawa. Zili choncho chifukwa panthawi ya tizilombo, akalulu a magazisuckers amafunika kutetezedwa. Kuyambira pa May mpaka June, nyamazi ziyenera kuikidwa m'chipinda chokonzekera, kumene kukhudzana ndi nyama zonyamula tizilombo zidzatulutsidwa.
Kuonjezera apo, kugula anthu atsopano, ndi bwino kuti iwo azikhala osiyana ndi akalulu omwe amakhala kale m'bwalo la kalulu. Nyama zodwala zimafunikanso kuti munthu asungulumwenso choyamba, ndipo atangotenga chithandizochi ndiye kuti atha kuchipatala. 
Panthawi yomwe chithandizocho chidzachitike, malo omwe odwala lagomorphs alili ayenera kukhala ofunda. Ndibwino kuti kutentha kwa mpweya kunali pamwamba pa +20 ° C.
Ngati akalulu sakufuna kudya, zomwe zimachitika nthawi ya matendawa, ndiye kuti chikhalidwe ndi mphamvu za nyama ziyenera kusungidwa mothandizidwa ndi jekeseni ndi mankhwala apadera.
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge za mtundu wa akalulu: California, Soviet chinchilla, zimphona (chimphona choyera, chimphona chachikulu, flandr), wakuda-bulauni, mchere, butterfly, mitundu yowongoletsa.
Pa odwala maso, mucus ndi pafupifupi nthawizonse anapanga. Zidzasowa kutsukidwa nthawi zonse, pogwiritsa ntchito swab ya thonje, yomwe imayikidwa mu tiyi ya tiyi.
Kuphatikizira, wina ayenera kugogomezera kuti pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za kukhalapo kwa viber myxomatosis mu nyama zikuwonekera, munthu ayenera kuonana ndi veterinarian nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo pokambirana naye kale zomwe zachitika, zingatheke kupanga chisankho chokhudza zochitika zina. Mwa zina, muyenera kukumbukira za kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito katemera wa akalulu omwe amateteza ku myxomatosis.
