M'dziko muli mitundu pafupifupi 10,000 ya mphesa - pakati pa zochuluka zedi ndikufuna kusiyanitsa zosiyanasiyana "Ilya wa Murom". Kwa nthawi yaitali wakhala akuonedwa ngati wokondedwa wa wamaluwa, komanso chifukwa cha chikondi chake - tiyeni tione m'nkhaniyi.
Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe a zosiyanasiyana
Kuti mudziwe zochuluka za mphesa "Ilya Muromets", tiyeni tiwerenge kufotokoza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Dzina la chomera ichi lasankhidwa mwangwiro - mpesa uli ndi thunthu lalikulu ndi lamphamvu. Pakati pa mitundu ina iyi ndi yeniyeni.
Masamba ndi aakulu, nthawi zambiri kukula kwake kumakhala pamwamba, mtundu ndi wobiriwira, mitsempha imapezeka bwino. Masamba ndi aakulu, kulemera kumatha kufika 1 makilogalamu, kusakanikirana kwapakati, mawonekedwe ake ndi amtundu wanji.
Zipatso zimakula kukula - 2-2.5 masentimita awiri, wofiirira. Izi ndi tebulo zosiyanasiyana, zipatso zimakomera zokoma, nthawi zina zowawa. Mwa kuonetsetsa kusamalidwa bwino kwa shrub, mungathe kufika pa makilogalamu 7 a mbewu kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi.
Ndikofunikira! Kusankha kukolola - sankhani tsiku louma ndi dzuwa. Kukolola mphesa pa tsiku lamvula kumapangitsa zipatsozo kuti zisakwanira zoyendetsa ndi kusungirako - zidaphulika.
Mbiri yobereka
Odziwika otchedwa LT Shtin ndi I.M. Filippenko. Mu 1962, pakudutsa mitundu ya Pobeda ndi Severny, iwo anatha kubzala mphesa, zomwe zinali ndi mphepo yamkuntho yothamanga komanso yakucha. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, gululi liri zokolola zazikulu komanso zenizeni zazikulu. Chifukwa cha makhalidwe amenewa, "Ilya Muromets" mwamsanga anayamba kukonda m'munda wa alimi.
Zitsanzo zabwino za mphesa zamphesa ndizo "Vostorg", "Talisman", "Arcadia", "Original", "Moldova".
Zizindikiro ndi kusiyana kwa mitundu ina
Zizindikiro za mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimasiyanitsa "Ilya" pakati pa mitundu yambiri ya mphesa, zimatha kukhala ndi izi:
- Kuthamanga kwachisanu chachisanu cha mphesa ("Muromets", motsatira ndemanga ya wamaluwa, amatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -26 ° C);
- Zokolola zabwino pa chitsamba;
- Kubzala koyambirira (zipatso zoyambirira zingasangalale masiku 110);
- Kukula kofulumira ndi kupanga mphukira mutabzala mutseguka;
- Khungu lochepa la zipatso ndi mafupa ang'ono mkati.
Mukudziwa? Ku Spain, pali chikondwerero cha Chaka Chatsopano chosangalatsa - pakati pausiku, ndikupanga chokhumba chaka chotsatira, mmalo momwa kapu ya champagne, amadya mphesa khumi ndi ziwiri, imodzi mwa iliyonse ya mabelu.
Malamulo obwera
Mutasankha kubzala "Ilya Muromets" m'munda wanu, sankhani malo a dzuwa, bola ngati palibe ma drafts m'dera lino. Ndikofunika kusankha sapling yoyenera yobzala:
- Mbande ziyenera kukhala zaulere popanda zizindikiro za matenda;
- Mizu iyenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino.
Anabzala "Muromtsa" motere - 1.5 * 3 kapena 1.25 * 2.50. Zinyama zimagona ndi nthaka yosakaniza, pamene amapanga phiri pakati. Malangizo omaliza koma ofunikira kwambiri ndi akuti mapepala kapena mipanda ayenera kuikidwa pafupi ndi tchire chobzalidwa kuti mphukira zazing'ono zikhale ndi malo abwino oyendayenda pamene zikukula. 
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo yokoma imakoka madontho. Pofuna kugawana mbewu ndi tizilombo, m'pofunikira kuthandizira mphesa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komanso, kuti asakope kukopa mabala - m'kupita kwanthawi muzidula masango ndi zipatso zopsa.
Chisamaliro
"Ilya Muromets" - mitundu yodzichepetsa. Kuti mukhale wolimba mtima m'munda, khama lalikulu silofunika. Zokwanira kupereka madzi okwanira komanso osasinthasintha, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, komanso kupanga zakudya zoyenera komanso panthawi yake kudula mphukira.
Kuthirira
Dziwani kuti mitundu yonse ya mphesa ("Ilya ya Murom", kuphatikizapo) imakonda njira zamadzi zambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakukula ndi kucha kwa zipatso zimasowa madzi. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, ndi bwino kumwa madzi tsiku lililonse, ndipo panthawi yoyamba yopuma, kuthirira kungachepetsedwe kamodzi pa sabata. Koma, pokumbukira kuopsa kwa nthaka yambiri ya chinyezi, yesetsani kupewa kusefukira kwa tchire.
Kupaka pamwamba
Dyetsani mphesa bwino mu kugwa. Alimi ena amalangizidwa kuti azitsatiridwa ndi manyowa, komabe ngati simukugwirizana ndi mankhwala ochizira, pamsika wamalonda pali feteleza zambiri za mphesa, ndi mulingo wokwanira wa mineral.
Kudulira
Kudulira mitengo ya mpesa kungatchedwe njira yoyambilira yosamalira zomera. "Murom" imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, choncho izi zimayenera kudula nthawi ndi nthawi. Kudulira mitengo yomwe amalima akulima kumapanga 9-10 maso, pamene chiwerengero chachikulu cha mphukira pa chitsamba chimodzi sichiyenera kupitirira 45. Pogwiritsa ntchito sheya kapena mkasi m'munda wamphesa, musayese kuwononga mphukira.
Mukudziwa? Mphesa si zokoma zokoma - zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochizira matenda a gallbladder ndi chiwindi.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zikuwoneka kuti shuga ndi mphesa zoterezi ziyenera kukhala zogonjetsa, koma osati. Matenda a fungal, makamaka imvi nkhungu ndi mildew, amatha kuvulaza kwambiri minda yanu ya mpesa ndi mbewu yokhayokha.
Grey kuvunda ndi kovuta kuchiza. Ngakhalenso kupopera mankhwala kwa fungicides nthawi zonse, chiopsezo chotenga mphesa ndi matenda a fungal ndi aakulu kwambiri.
Kutentha kumakhala koopsa panthawi yonse ya kukula, ndipo mbali zonse za zomera zimatha kudwala. Kuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha mvula yambiri, kumathandiza kuti chitukukochi chikule. Nkhanza yaikulu ya nkhungu ndikuthamangira ku mbali zina za shrub; nthawi zina zimatenga tsiku kuti zokolola mphesa ziwonongeke.
Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana, olima omwe amadziwa bwino amalangiza kuti achite agrotechnical njira zoyenera kupewa:
- kuyendera tchire nthawi zonse ndikudyetsa;
- mankhwala opatsirana ndi fungicides;
- kuthetsa madzi okwanira;
- kudulira koyenera kwa nthambi zouma;
- kudula zipatso zowonongeka mu mpesa ndi kusiya;
- Kutentha kwa zigawo zimenezo za zitsamba zomwe ziyenera kuwonongedwa (siziyenera kuponyedwa pansi pansi pa chitsamba).
Komanso nkofunika kuti mupewe kupewa oidium, Alternaria, phylloxera, thrips, tsikadok, mealybug, wormworms, mphesa pruritus.
Pereka
Kupereka kwa "Ilya Muromets" ndikutsika. Mutapatsa munda wamphesa chisamaliro choyenera, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa makilogalamu asanu kapena asanu kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi. Ndipo izi, inu mukuona, zochuluka.
Atatha kuwerenga mphesa "Ilya Muromets", atatha kuwerengera za mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndibwino kunena kuti ndizoyenera kukhala zokongoletsera kumunda wanu.
