Ambiri amathera nthawi yambiri kuthirira zomera, pomwe akudya madzi ambiri kuposa zomera. Makamaka vuto ndi kutulutsa madzi okwanira nthawi zonse kuchokera kumalo a nyumba ndi minda.
Zinali zolinga zoterozo timer kuthirira, zomwe tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi. Tidzatha kudziwa momwe chipangizo chimagwirira ntchito, chomwe chimagwiritsidwira ntchito, kaya mtengo uli wolingana ndi phindu.
Ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?
Poyambira, kodi nthawi yodzichepetsera ndi yotani?
Zopangidwe zingakhale za mitundu yosiyana, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati madzi omwe aliyense ali nawo m'nyumba kapena nyumba. Chipangizochi chinapangidwira kupereka madzi ulimi wothirira kwa nthawi inayake, yomwe imayikidwa ndi timer, komanso pulogalamu ya kuthirira tsiku lililonse la sabata.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pulogalamuyi siimalire ndi chirichonse, ndipo ngati mutagwira ntchito, ndiye kuti mudzatha kukonza njira yoperetsera ulimi tsiku lililonse, ndikuika nthawi yosiyana ndi nthawi. 
Izi zikutanthauza kuti tili ndi zipangizo zomwe zimatithandiza kuti tizitha kuyamwa mabedi molingana ndi pulogalamu yomwe mwatchula. Chipangizocho chimagwiritsa ntchito mabatire omwe amatetezedwa ku chinyezi. Choncho, nthawiyi sichidalira kupezeka kwa gridi yamagetsi m'derali, choncho ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale poyera.
Ndikofunikira! Mukasintha mabatire, mapulogalamuwa adasungidwa.
Timer imakhala ngati valve yotsekedwa, yomwe imagwirizanitsa ndi chitoliro, pomwe madzi amaperekedwa, ndipo pambali inayo, payipi yothirira nthawi zonse imamangirizidwa. Zopangidwe zimapereka mphutsi pa phula la kuthirira, choncho simukusowa kugula china chilichonse. Panthawi yomwe imayenera kuthirira, chipangizocho chimatsegula valve, ngati valavu ya mpira, ndipo madzi amaperekedwa ku malo odiririra.
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti nthawi zonse zowonjezera zimakhala ndi mapulogalamu omwe amakulolani kuti mugwire ntchito, choncho onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane zogwiritsira ntchito pakagula. Onaninso kuti kuthira madzi, ngakhale kuti ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, sagwira ntchito ngati madzi a mita. 
Mitundu ya zipangizo
Kenaka, tiyeni tikambirane za nthawi yanji yothirira kuthirira. Tiyeni tiwone momwe amasiyana, ndikuganiziranso kuti ali ndi mphamvu.
Mudzakhala ndi chidwi chodziwa za: ulimi wothirira, phulusa la kuthirira kuchokera ku mbiya, kuthira madzi okwanira kuchokera ku mabotolo, komanso kuwerenga momwe mungasankhire payipi, owaza ndi tepi ya ulimi wothirira.
Mankhwala
Wopanga timer ali ndi chipangizo cha ola chimene chinagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mavuni oyambirira a microwave kapena mawotchi opangidwa ndi mawotchi. Chipangizo cha clock chimagwira pa kasupe ndipo chimapereka madzi okwanira kwa tsiku limodzi. Komabe, kusintha kulikonse kumapangidwa mwadongosolo. Zida zimenezi sizidawoneka kapena zojambula, kuphatikizapo mwayi wa mapulogalamu. 
Ma mechanical timer ndi abwino ku minda yam'mudzi komwe ulimi wothirira umayang'aniridwa ndi mwiniwake. Pachifukwa ichi, unit ikulolani kuti mupereke madzi kwa nthawi yeniyeni, kenaka njirayi imatsegulidwa ndipo valve imachotsa madzi.
Mukudziwa? Chithunzi choyamba cha timer ndi stopwatch chinakhazikitsidwa mmbuyo mu 1720. Chipangizochi chikhoza kulemba nthawi yeniyeni molondola nthawi yachiwiri ya 1/16.
Electronic
Mawonekedwe a pakompyuta, monga momwe mungaganizire, ali ndi pulogalamu yowonjezera yowonjezera yomwe imakupatsani inu nthawi yambiri mukuchita zinthu zina osati kuthirira zomera. Zosankha zoterezi ndizofunikira kwa malo omwe ali kutali ndi kwawo. Popeza mbewu zina zimafuna kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku, kupeza nthawi yotereyo kumalipira pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, pogwiritsa ntchito mtengo wa mafuta komanso nthawi yowonjezera. 
Buku la pakompyuta lili ndi mitundu iwiri, yomwe tikufotokozera.
Kutetezedwa mwa njira
Kuthamanga kwa pulogalamu yamakono kumakulolani kuti mupange ntchito kwa sabata limodzi, ndi nthawi yokwanira ya kuthirira kwa maola awiri. Ntchito zonse zimakonzedweratu ndi munthu, kenako ntchitoyo imagwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi zomwe zinakonzedweratu.
Zida zotero zimakhala ndi mtengo wapatali komanso ntchito yabwino yomwe imalola ulimi wothirira kutali. 
Software ikulamulidwa
Mapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri, omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu 16. Ikani chinthu chilichonse chokhudzana ndi kuthirira. Mukhozanso kuthirira mbewu zosiyana kuchokera pa timer imodzi, ndikuika nthawi yothirira kwa aliyense.
Kuti zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwake, yerekezerani mtengo wa microwave wotsika mtengo ndi uvuni wa microwave ndi mabelu onse omwe angatheke komanso mluzu. Inde, aliyense wa iwo akhoza kutentha kapena kuphika chakudya, koma njira yamtengo wapatali imakupatsani inu kusankha, zomwe zimakupatsani inu kuphika mwamtundu uliwonse chakudya, pogwiritsa ntchito uvuni wa microwave okha, yomwe idzalowe m'malo mwa uvuni, grill, uvuni wa gasi komanso zakumwa.
Zomwezo ndi pulogalamu yamakono yosinthidwa. Amakulolani kuthirira mbewu zonse panthawi imodzi, pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yawo ndi madzi ake. Njira yotereyi imagwira ntchito popanda njira iliyonse yaumunthu. 
Mukudziwa? Nthawi yoyamba yamagetsi inaonekera mu 1971. Iwo anali ndi chiwonetsero cha LED chowonetsera.
Kusankha malamulo
Choyamba, ndi bwino kusankha zomwe mukufuna, chifukwa izi zidzakhudza ntchito ya chipangizocho, ndipo ndithudi, mtengo wake.
Ngati mukuwerenga nkhaniyi, zikutanthawuza kuti mukukhudzidwa ndi chipangizochi, kapena pali chosowa chotengera chonchi. Choncho ndikofunikira kulingalira zonse zomwe mungasankhe, komanso kufotokozera zothandiza pazochitika zina.
- Njira yosankha. Ngati simukufuna kuima "ora" ndi payipi m'manja mwanu, komanso kumbukirani nthawi yeniyeni ya kuthirira, ndiye kuti zatha kupeza njira yophweka yomwe imagwira ntchito kumapeto. Mudzalandira chipangizo chomwe sichifuna magetsi, sichikuwonongeka chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dzuwa kapena dzuwa, komanso kulipira mtengo.
- Makina ovomerezeka ndi makina opanga. Chipangizo choterechi chimayikidwa pa malo akutali kuchokera kunyumba ndipo cholinga cha ulimi wothirira mbewu imodzi, chifukwa n'zotheka kukhazikitsa nthawi iliyonse ya sabata iliyonse. Chowonadi, chipangizo chotero chimabweretsa zambiri, koma kuthirira ulimi wochuluka kumagwirizana bwino, popeza ntchito yake ndi yokwanira. Kuyika chipangizo choterocho pa chiwembu sikungakhale kwanzeru, chifukwa chopindulitsa chachikulu cha chipangizocho ndi ntchito yakutali, yomwe imakupulumutsani nthawi.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta ndi dongosolo la pulogalamu. Kachipangizo kameneka kamakhala kawirikawiri kumalo obiriwira, kumene nthawi yodiririra ndi yofunika, komanso mthunzi wa mlengalenga. Kukhalapo kwa masensa kumakuthandizani kuti muzitha kuyendetsa chinyezi cha mlengalenga, komanso kuwonetsa pulogalamu yoyenera ya chikhalidwe chilichonse.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati chipangizochi chimafika pa mabatire, iwo, pafupifupi, adzakhala okwanira 1500 pa / kutseka.
Sizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopambana kwambiri pamagulu, popeza ntchito yonse ya chipangizo sichidzaululidwa. Ndipo kupatsidwa mtengo wa chipangizocho, kutayika kwake kapena kuwonongeka kungagunda mwamphamvu mthumba. Ndipotu, ziyenera kumveka kuti makamaka mu chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito pakompyuta, chiopsezo kwambiri ndizo zowonjezera.
Tsopano ndi bwino kulankhula za chipangizo chomwe mungatenge kuti mukhale ndi madzi, komanso kuti ndi nthawi iti yomwe imasankha machitidwe a mphamvu yokoka.
Poyambira, timerszi zimasiyana mofanana ndi kutsegula ndi kutseka madzi. Nthawi ina, valveid valve imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo inayi - valavu ya mpira. Vesi yotchedwa solenoid valve imatseguka pokhapokha ndikumvetserana ndi 0,2 mlengalenga. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athetse madzi, monga momwe amatsutsira kuthamanga kwakukulu. Komanso, valve yofanana imateteza mpweya pomwe madzi akutsekedwa.
Kusamba kwa mpira amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa machitidwe a mphamvu yokoka, ndiko kuti, kuthirira madzi alionse (mbiya). Njirayi ndi yabwino kwambiri kuthirira madzi obiriwira ndi malo obiriwira, pamene amagwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira. Ndibwino kuti machitidwe a ulimi wothirira. Zimagwira ntchito ndi chipsyinjo kuyambira 0 mpaka 6 atmospheres. 
Kuwetsa madzi nthawi zonse n'kofunikira kwa mbewu iliyonse, kotero tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe bwino malamulo owetseramo masamba monga: nkhaka, tomato, adyo, kaloti, kabichi, anyezi ndi tsabola, komanso phunzirani kuthirira udzu.
Chiwerengero cha ma valve. Pamwamba, timalemba kuti nthawi yayitali yatipatsa njira yothirira mbewu zosiyanasiyana. Pofuna kuchita izi, muyenera kugula chipangizo chokhala ndi ma valve angapo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, nthawi yosiyana ndi kuthirira kwa mbewu iliyonse imakonzedwa. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve angapo mu wowonjezera kutentha, popeza ndikofunikira kuti nthawi zonse azikhala ndi microclimate kuti apeze zokolola zabwino. 
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti ma valve angapo amatha kuyika njira zosavuta, komabe chifukwa cha izi, ntchito zawo sizikuwonjezeka. Simungathe kupanga, mwachitsanzo, mawotchi amatsitsiramo mbewu imodzi poyamba kenako kenanso, chifukwa zonse zimasankhidwa.
Zoonjezerapo. Mwa njira zamagetsi, mukhoza kugwirizanitsa chithunzithunzi cha mvula, fyuluta yowonjezera, komanso mini-pampu.
Mphungu yamvula, monga momwe mumamvera kale, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti timer yathu isagwedezeke pang'onopang'ono pakagwa mvula. Fyuluta yowonjezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kuthirira madzi okwanira kuti asawonongeke. Pampu yaing'ono imafunika pokhapokha madzi ataperekedwa kuchokera ku tangi, ndipo vuto ndi 0 atmospheres.
Momwe mungagwirizanitse ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi
Kenako, tiyeni tiyankhule za momwe mungagwirizanitse nthawi iliyonse. Onaninso momwe mungakhalire nthawi ndikuika malamulo angapo tsiku lililonse la sabata.
Tikagwirizanitsa, timayamba kuthana ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito. Nthawi yosavuta ndi yokwanira kuti "ayambe" monga koloko, kenako madzi amayamba. Zosowa zovuta zakhala zikuchuluka, zomwe zimafuna kuphunzira kwathunthu malangizo.
Kusonkhanitsa chipangizo
Mutatha kusindikiza mapangidwe oyambirira, werengani mosamala malangizowa. Onetsetsani kuti njira yomwe mitsinje ikugwiritsira ntchito ikuwonetsera. Ngati simukunyalanyaza mbali iyi, kenaka yesani chipangizochi. 
Pambuyo powerenga malangizo, omwe amamveketsa mwatsatanetsatane mfundo yowakhazikitsa, pitirizani kulumikizana ndi dongosolo. Yambani poyerekeza ndi phala yamatumbo m'mimba mwake. Mwinamwake, mukufunikira kugula mosiyana adapita yomwe imakulolani kuti mugwirizane ndi phula iliyonse ya chipangizocho.
Mutatha kutenga zonse zomwe mukufunikira, muyenera kulumikiza chitoliro pakhomo. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani mphete yoteteza, ikani chitoliro pa "mphuno" ndikupotoza mphete, yomwe iyenera kukonza. Kenaka, yang'anani pamtunda wamkati. Kawirikawiri, pali mphuno yapadera pa timers, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwirizanitsa mapiritsi a madzi okwanira. Ngati kutalika kwake kuli koyenera, ndiye kuti timangogwiritsira ntchito payipi, ngati ayi - timagula mpweya wa m'mimba mwake. Pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito payipi kupita kunja, kukhazikitsa kanthawi kosavuta kwatha. Kuti mupange zipangizo zoyenera kuthirira, zowonjezera ziyenera kutero, zomwe zingathenso kufotokozedwa mu malangizo. Malingana ndi kachitidwe ka ulimi wothirira kamene mumagwiritsa ntchito, zina zowonjezereka, zowonjezera kapena zowonjezera zingafunike.
Kusintha kwa nthawi
Mutatha kulumikiza chipangizochi, muyenera kuyika mabakiteriya kapena kugwirizana ndi intaneti (nthawi zina zimagwirizana ndi magetsi). Kenaka chojambula chidzatsegula, pansi pa zomwe mabataniwo ali. Makina ambiri ali ndi mabatani awiri omwe amakulolani kuti muwonjezere kapena kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha chiwerengero, batani yomwe imayika tsiku kapena mwezi, ndi makina ochotsera / kutseka. Pali batani "Yambani", yomwe imayambitsa ndondomeko ya zochita.
Malingana ndi kasinthidwe ndi wopanga, chiwerengero cha mabatani ndi zochita zomwe ali ndi udindo zingasinthe, choncho tinapereka deta.
Kuti muyike timer muyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito. Kenaka, sankhani nthawi yoyenera yomwe chipangizochi chidzayendetsedwe. Kenaka muyenera kupanga script tsiku lililonse. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani tsikulo, kenako tipeze nthawi yakudiririra, ndiyeno nthawi yake. Pambuyo pake, sintha kwa masiku ena. Ngati muli ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba, ndiye kuti akukupatsani mwayi wolemba script chaka chonse. Mpata uwu ndi wabwino kwa greenhouses.
Pambuyo pokonzekera kwathunthu, muyenera kutsegula batani "Yambitsani" kapena "Yambitsani", ndipo pulogalamuyi idzayamba kupanga script sequentially.
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi zamagetsi sizikhala ndi zochitika zoyambirira, choncho zonse zimapangidwa pokhapokha pofuna zosowa zawo.
Mbali za ntchito
Tsopano tiyeni tiyankhule za momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito bwino chipangizochi kuti chikhale chotalika.
Choyamba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire apamwamba ngati muli ndi chipangizo chamagetsi. Pankhaniyi, mabatire ayenera kukhala pa 1.5 v, kapena mphamvu ina, ngati izi zikufotokozedwa m'mawu. 
Ponena za madzi omwe amadyetsedwa ku chipangizochi, ayenera kukhala oyera, atsopano. Zilonda zilizonse zolemetsa zidzatseka fyuluta, chifukwa choti chipangizocho chiyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ubwino ndi mphamvu za madzi zidzachepetsedwa kangapo. Komanso kumbukirani kuti kutentha kwa madzi omwe amapyola mu chipangizochi sayenera kukhala pamwamba pa +40 ° C.
Ndibwino kukumbukira kuti mapulogalamu alionse asanamangidwe mu dongosolo la ulimi wothirira. Pachifukwa ichi, ndi bwino kuganizira nthawi ya ulimi wothirira kuti pasadzawononge kachipangizo kangapo.
Ndikofunikira! N'zotheka kuti pulogalamuyi ikhale yotsekedwa, pamene madzi sangaperekedwe kwa nthawi.
Pamaso pa chisanu, chipangizocho chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuchotsedwa m'malo ozizira. Lamulo ili silikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku malo otentha otentha omwe kutentha sikukutsika pansi pa 0 ° C.
Kusokonezeka kwa nyengo yozizira
Kusokoneza nthawi yamadzi yozizira sikutanthauza kuchotsa chipangizochi, kotero tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane ndondomeko yonseyi.
Choyamba muyenera kutseka chipangizo chomwecho. Chotsatira - chotsani madzi ndikuchotsa payipi yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chida pa chipangizochi. Ndiye muyenera kuchotsa nthawi yanu kuchokera ku chitoliro chothandizira ndikuchotsamo. Tiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti palibe madzi otsala mkati, komanso kuyeretsa ku dothi ndi fumbi.
Pambuyo pochotsa timer, muyenera kuwononga dongosolo kuti pasakhale madzi otsala. Apo ayi, izo zidzasungunuka ndi kuphwanya mapaipi / mapeyala. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutseka madzi ndi kutsegula compressor, yomwe idzaponyera mpweya mu dongosolo. Zonsezi zimatenga mphindi zochepa, kenako chipangizocho chikutuluka. Ngati mulibe compressor, ndiye kuti purge iyenera kuchitidwa pamanja, kapena mapepala amafunika kupukutidwa kuti madziwo atuluke pansi pa mphamvu yokoka. Kenaka, muyenera kuchotsa masensa onse, ngati alipo, komanso kusungira ma valves omwe salola kulema. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osungira madzi omwe samamwa madzi.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito
Pomaliza, kambiranani zotsatira kukhala ndi timer madzi okwanira.
- Kuchepetsa mtengo wa madzi kwa ulimi wothirira, momwe njirayi ikuyendetsera.
- Sungani nthawi yanu ndi ndalama zanu pokhapokha ngati mutseketsa malo omwe muli kutali ndi kwanu.
- Amapereka mpata wothirira zida zingapo ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana.
- Momwemo amagwiritsira ntchito njira yothirira kuthirira.
- Chipangizochi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kokha kuthirira masamba kapena mitengo ya zipatso, komanso ulimi wothirira maluwa kapena maluwa m'nyumba.
- Chipangizochi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito popereka feteleza zamadzimadzi zomwe sizingatheke, motero sizingowonjezera kuthirira, komanso kudyetsa.
Chotsatira chake, tili ndi chipangizo chofunikira kwambiri, chomwe chili choyenera kwa minda yonse ndi nyumba. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yoyenera ndi malo obiriwira a greenhouses, omwe zimakhala zovuta kuti azitha kuyambitsa chinyezi, choncho nthawi yake imakhala yofunikira kwambiri. Malinga ndi mtengo, zipangizo zogula posankhidwa, zimalipiritsa mtengo wawo pa nthawi iliyonse, pamene zikuwonjezera zokolola chifukwa cha kuthirira kwa nthawi yake.
