Canola ndi chikhalidwe chomwe sichidziwika ndi anthu kutali ndi ulimi. Koma agronomists amakonda chomera ichi chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake: chitsamba chabwino cha uchi, zinyama, biofuel, ndi mafuta ake amadya chakudya ndi njira zamakono. Kulima canola monga siderata kumatchuka.
Kubwezeretsedwa ngati siderata: kodi mtengo ndi phindu ndi chiyani?
Zomwe zinachitikira wamaluwa zimasiyanitsa ngati chimodzi mwa zothandiza kwambiri zachilengedwe feteleza. Pambuyo pake, chikhalidwe ichi:
- imatha kanthawi kochepa kuti ikhale ndi zobiriwira zambiri, zomwe zimabzala nthaka ndi phosphorous, sulufule ndi zinthu zakuthupi, kubwezeretsa kubereka kwake;
- ali ndi mizu yomwe imayambira mkati kufika mamita awiri, kuchoka ku zakuya zamchere ndikuwunika zinthu. Pachifukwa ichi, mizu imapereka mpweya wabwino kwambiri wa nthaka;
- lili ndi mafuta ofunika omwe amachepetsa chilengedwe cha nthaka, kuteteza zomera ku tizirombo;
- imateteza nthaka kuchoka pansi pa madzi pansi, imatenga chisanu m'nyengo yozizira ndipo m'chilimwe imalepheretsa kutentha kwa mphepo;
- mwangwiro amathetsa namsongole mukamabzala mumsewu ndi mbewu za mabulosi;
- Mtengo wokhala ndi nthaka ndi nayitrojeni ndi wachiwiri kwa masamba.
Chomerachi chimagwira ntchito ya feteleza chachilengedwe, kupatsidwa zovuta zake: - sakonda kwambiri, dothi la asidi;
- silingalole madzi ochulukirapo;
- Sitiyenera kubzalidwa m'malo amodzi kamodzi pa zaka zinayi;
- Sichigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nsomba pambuyo pa oimira banja la cruciferous (kabichi, mwachitsanzo) ndi clover: ali ndi matenda wamba ndi tizirombo;
- Pambuyo pake musayambe kubzala beets: kugwiriridwa kumafalikira nematodes kumene mizu imeneyi imakhala yovuta kwambiri.
Rye, nyemba za mpiru, buckwheat, oats, ndi phacelia zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mizere.Lero, chomera ichi chikufotokozedwa mwazigawo ziwiri:
- chaka;
- nyengo yozizira
Ndikofunikira! Chotsatira chabwino cha kukolola kwa mtsogolo chimabweretsedwe ndi kuphatikizana kwazitali: kasupe zosiyanasiyana zidzagwiritsidwa bwino kwambiri ndi mafuta radish, vetch kapena white mustard, ndipo nyengo yozizira imabzalidwa ndi rye.
Mbewu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito
Kubwezeretsa ngati nsomba kumapindulitsa kwambiri pakudyetsa:
- tomato;
- tsabola;
- nkhaka;
- mbatata;
- sikwashi;
- dzungu.
Mbali za kukula kwa kugwidwa kwa kasupe
Mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi ndi yovuta kwambiri pa nthaka ndi kufesa mizere kusiyana ndi nyengo yozizira. Ngati m'nthaka pali chinyontho chochuluka, kasupe kamatha kufesedwa mowirikiza m'chilimwe.
Nthawi komanso momwe mungabzalitsire siderat
Mungayambe kufesa kuchokera kumasiku oyambirira otentha kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira - kuyamba kwa masika. Nthaŵi zambiri, nthawi yofika imadalira nyengo zakuthambo, koma mu March, mulimonsemo, njirayi iyenera kuyambitsidwa, ngati palibe chithunzithunzi chozizira chomwe chinanenedweratu. 
Komabe, kuwala, koma yunifolomu pachigawo choyambirira cha chitukuko cha kugwidwa kasupe monga siderata kumathandiza kusintha njira zowonjezera.
Musanafese, m'pofunika kumasula pansi ndikupanga kutalika kwa masentimita 2-3, pomwe mbewu zomwe zimasakanizidwa ndi mchenga zimabzalidwa (pamtunda wa masentimita 15). Pafupifupi, zimapezeka 1.5-2 g wa mbewu pa 1 lalikulu. mamita kapena 150-200 g pa zana. Pamapeto pake dziko lapansi liri ndi rake, mungathe kupukuta pang'ono.
Momwe mungasamalire mbewu
Mphukira zoyamba zimawoneka pa tsiku lachinayi kapena lachisanu mutabzala. Kukula kwa tsinde la chomera kumayambira nthawi yomweyo, kudutsa pa siteji ya mapangidwe.
Kawirikawiri, kugwiriridwa kwa miyezi 3-3.5 kumadutsa 80-140 masentimita mu msinkhu, ndipo maluwa ake amatha milungu itatu. Panthawi ya kukula, chomera sichifuna chisamaliro kapena chisamaliro chapadera;
Nthawi yoyeretsa
Tikadziwa kuti ndi nthawi yanji yobzala ndikugwirira ntchito, tiyeni tikambirane za nthawi yokolola. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipeze zomwezo, komanso kuti tisakumbukire. Ngati chodzala cha mbewu yayikulu idakonzedwa panthawi yomweyi, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imatchetcheka ikafika pamtunda wa 15-20 cm. 
Maluwa amalima pa masentimita 5-12, kapena amatumizidwa ku kompositi. Ndipo patadutsa milungu 2-3 pambuyo pake, mutha kubzala chimanga. Pamene kufika pa tsamba ili sikunakonzedwe, ndiye kuti poyamba mukhoza kuchotsa mtundu wobiriwirawo pofika kutalika kwa masentimita 10-12.
Mukudziwa? Kubwezeretsa kwagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano popanga mafuta, margarine, mapulasitiki, makandulo, biodiesel, zokometsera ndi zolemba milomo, komanso inkino ya nyuzipepala.Chomeracho chidzabwezeretsa msanga kukula, ndipo nthawi yachiwiri ndi zofunika kuimeta pazu pambuyo pa maonekedwe a pods. Mwanjira imeneyi, padzakhala zowonjezera zowonjezera.
Mbali za kukula kwa kugwiriridwa kwachisanu
Zomwe anakumana nazo wamaluwa amakonda kuthana ndi nyengo yozizira, chifukwa ali ndi ubwino wambiri:
- Zingabzalidwe kumadera aliwonse, chifukwa mbewu yayikulu yayamba kale kukolola, ndipo manyowa omwe sangawonongeke sichidzasokoneza mbewu za masamba;
- Pakatikatikatikatikati a masika, mizu ya rapesi imapitirizabe kuyang'ana bwino, osalola kuti asambe ndi madzi;
Ndikofunikira! Kubwereka mwa mawonekedwe a mulch wamoyo kumateteza nthaka kuti ikhale yozizira.
- M'chaka, rapesed imayamba kukula mwamsanga pamene imamva malo abwino.
Nthawi komanso momwe mungabzalitsire siderat
Kugwiriridwa kwa dzinja monga siderat ndi kovuta pazomwe zimabzala. Kawirikawiri imachitika mu August kapena kumayambiriro kwa autumn. Ngati mutabzala mbewu mofulumira kwambiri, imadzala ndi kutuluka kwa mizu yake, ndipo idzakhala yovuta ku matenda ndi kuzizira.
Yambani kubzala mutatha kukolola. Mbewuyi imabzala, komanso masika, mkatikatikati mwa masentimita 2-3 mpaka patali masentimita 10 mpaka 15. Pambuyo poyamba kubzala (tsiku lachinayi kapena lachisanu mutabzala), chomeracho chimafunikira masiku osachepera makumi asanu ndi limodzi chifukwa cha zomera zakugwa.
Mukudziwa? Dziko lakwagwirira ndi United Kingdom ndi Netherlands.
Momwe mungasamalire mbewu
Asanayambe nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chiyenera kukhala ndi tsinde 25 cm ndi rosette ya masamba 6-7. Mizu sayenera kukwera pamwamba pa kukula kwake ndi masentimita atatu. 
Zima zamasamba sizifuna chisamaliro chapadera mutabzala, koma sichimakonda chisanu chopanda chisanu, chimfine chozizira chachisanu. Chomera chimayamba kudzuka pamene kutentha kwakukulu kuli + 1 ... +3 ºС.
Nthawi yoyeretsa
Kuwotcha kwa nyengo yozizira, masiku odzala ndi ofunikira, koma kutchetchera kumbali kumbali ya nyengo: mwamsanga pamene nyemba zobiriwira zikuwoneka. Izi zimachitika pafupi ndi theka lachiwiri kapena mapeto a May.
Simungathe kuchotsa maola oblique kuchokera kumalo otsetsereka ndikutsanulira ndi EM-kukonzekera kapena madzi omwe nthawi zonse amachepetsa njira zowonongeka. Pakati pa masabata 3-4 pafupipafupi, mukhoza kulima chikhalidwe chachikulu m'malo ano.
Mukudziwa? Kwa nthawi yoyamba, kukonza kugwiriridwa kunayambika zaka 4,000 BC.Kutentha kapena nyengo yozizira kugwidwa bwino ndi kudzaza nthaka yotopetsa ndi zakudya, zimapatsa thanzi labwino, ndipo zimatha kukhala ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zingateteze mbewu kuchokera ku tizirombo.
