Dzina lakuti "segeus" kuchokera ku Chilatini limatanthauza "kandulo ya sera". Kumtchire, cacti yotere imakula ku India kapena South America. M'dera lathu lotentha, zomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa zitsamba zosungiramo zitsamba, mawindo ogulitsa kapena maofesi a ofesi. Kabuku kake kakang'ono ka Cereus kangakulire kunyumba. Ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane mmene mungachitire molondola.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Chinthu chosiyana cha mtundu uwu cacti ndi tsinde lalitali la cylindrical. Kutalika, kumakula kufika mamita 20. Chitsamba chokhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali chikhoza kuphuka ndi kubereka zipatso kwa zaka zoposa mazana atatu. Mtundu wa Cereus uli ndi mitundu pafupifupi 50. Amayi akuluakulu amakhala ndi mitsempha yamphamvu, masamba opanda masamba komanso mizu yamphamvu. Chimake chonse cha nyamayi chimadzazidwa ndi mdima wakuda.
Maluwa kutalika kwa masentimita pafupifupi 25 kunawonekera usiku usiku woyera kapena pinki. Zipatso monga mtundu wa zipatso zofiira zingadye. M'malo otsekedwa, Cereus amaonedwa kuti ndiwo zomera zosadzichepetsa kwambiri. Iwo sakufuna kuti dziko lapansi likhalepo, kuunikira ndi malo, amachulukitsa pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu kapena cuttings.
Mukudziwa? Mu mitengo ikuluikulu ya chimfine cha Cereus muli pafupifupi matani awiri a madzi omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito mowa.
Cereus yosiyanasiyana
Mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu yambiri ya mtundu wa cacti, Ambiri mwa awa ndi awa: Peruvian, Yamacaru, chimphona, validus, Uruguay, azure.
Peruvian, kapena miyala (monstrose)
Dzina lachiwiri la Cereus ya Peruvia - miyala. Chomeracho chinachipeza chifukwa cha mphutsi yake. Kunyumba, chomera chotere chimakula mpaka 50 cm mu msinkhu. Maluwa okongola okongola ndi obiriwira amatha kuoneka usiku, popeza atsekedwa tsikulo.
Mtundu wosasinthasintha wa zomera umatchedwa wodabwitsa. Tsinde lake lamphuno limakhala ndi maulendo osiyanasiyana, omwe adalandira dzina limeneli. Kuwoneka kodabwitsa ndi maluŵa odabwitsa a nyamakazi zimapangitsa kukhala wotchuka kwambiri ndi wamaluwa.
Dziwani zambiri za 10 otchuka kufalikira cacti ndi cacti kunyumba kuswana.
Yamakaru
Woimira banja la Cereus, izo zimamera kokha kuthengo. Tsinde la chomera ichi likufanana ndi chitsulo chosungunuka, chodzaza ndi mipira yonse pamwamba pake. Mosiyana ndi cacti zina, minga yamakaru si yakuda, koma kuwala. Mitundu imeneyi imakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu, omwe amakula mpaka masentimita 20.
Gigantic
Mitundu imeneyi imasiyana ndi anthu ena yomwe imayamba kukula mwakhama patadutsa zaka makumi atatu ndipo nthawi yomweyo imafikira kukula kwakukulu. Zinalembedwanso mu Guinness Book of Records monga cactus yapamwamba padziko lapansi, kutalika kwake ndi mamita 25. Mungathe kukumana ndi Cereus yaikulu mumzinda wa Texas ndi Arizona. Young zomera amakula kukula pang'onopang'ono.
Validus
Validus ndi wapadera chifukwa ali ndi mapesi a buluu. Thupi lake lili ndi nthiti zambiri kuyambira 4 mpaka 8. Maluwa okongola a chisanu, ndi fungo losangalatsa.
Uruguay
Cereus ya Uruguay imatuluka pakati pa miyendo yambiri yaitali. M'chilengedwe, pali zitsanzo zomwe zimakhala ndi masentimita awiri. Mtundu uwu umabereka zipatso zofiira zomwe zingadye. Panthawi imodzimodziyo amamva kukoma kokoma ndi wowawasa.
Azure
Cereus azitsuka ali ndi mtundu wa bluu, nyongolotsi yamtundu wambiri ndi nthambi zambiri ndipo sichidziŵika bwino. Maluwa onunkhira kwambiri amakula molondola pa oimira okhwima.
Kukula
Kukula cereus kunyumba sikovuta, chifukwa chomera sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera. Zokwanira kutsatila malamulo oyambirira a zomwe zili m'nkhalango za prickly.
Kuunikira ndi kusankhidwa kwa malo
Monga cactus iliyonse, cereus amakonda kuwala. Ziyenera kukhala zokwanira m'nyengo yozizira komanso chilimwe. Malo abwino kwambiri m'nyumba mwake adzakhala mzere wowala wodutsa kumbali ya kum'mwera kapena kummawa.
Ndikofunikira! Dzuŵa liyenera kukhala tcheru, chifukwa akhoza kuwotcha thunthu la chomera.
Pofuna kupewa izi, cereus iyenera kukhala yozoloŵera kwa dzuwa pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, kuiwonetsera iyo pawindo kwa maola ambiri ndikuyamba kuwonjezera nthawi yomwe yakhala padzuwa. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito makina opangira zenera ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa kuwala.
Chitsulo ndi feteleza
Kuti cacti kukula bwino, ayenera kudyetsedwa nthawi zonse. Ndi bwino kuchita izi masika ndi chilimwe. Mankhwala opangira madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zovala. Mukhozanso kuchepetsa feteleza granular m'madzi ndi madzi zomera. Cereus yoikidwayo safuna kudyetsa kwina kwa mwezi umodzi, popeza nthaka yatsopano imakhala ndi macronutrients omwe amafunikira.
Mbali yachitsulo yowonjezera imasankhidwa ndi zojambula zosalowerera kapena zosavuta popanda alkali. Mchenga ndi njerwa zakuda zimaphatikizidwa ku kusakaniza. Malo a cacti ayenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa humus.
Werenganinso zomwe zimabzala ndi kuthirira cacti
Kutentha
Cereus saopa kusintha kwa kutentha. M'nyengo yozizira, amasangalala kwambiri pa 13 ... +16 ° C, ndipo m'chilimwe amatha kupirira kutentha kwa madigiri 40. Kutentha kwabwino kwa kansalu ndi 24 ... 26 ° С pamwamba pazero.
Chinyezi ndi kuthirira
Imwani madziwo ayenera kukhala madzi ozizira ofunda. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, kuthirira moyenera kumalimbikitsidwa nthawi 1 mu masiku khumi, ndipo m'miyezi yozizira ndikokwanira kukonzanso kachilombo kamodzi kamodzi pa masabata anayi.
Ndikofunikira! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti chigumula Cereus, chifukwa chifukwa cha madzi, izo zimakhoza kudwala ndikutha.
M'nyengo yozizira, cacti ayenera kupopedwa kuchokera ku sprayer ndi madzi otentha, kuti apereke izi ndi msinkhu woyenera wa chinyezi. Mtundu wabwino wa kukula kwawo umatengedwa kuti ndi 30-50% chinyezi.
Kuwaza
Cacti sakusowa kupatsirana kopadera. Ndondomekoyi imachitika pokhapokha ngati pakufunikira kufalitsa zojambula zowonjezereka. Izi zikhoza kuchitika kamodzi kokha kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri. Izi zidzafuna mphika waukulu ndi nthaka yatsopano.
Cacti imaphatikizaponso hatiora, epiphyllum, ripsalis, echinocactus Gruzoni, hymnocalicium, Decembrist maluwa, Opuntia.
Kuswana
Kufalitsa kwa Cereus kumachitika m'njira ziwiri:
- Mbeu (njira imeneyi ndi yowonjezera ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinyama, koma imagwiritsidwanso ntchito panyumba);
- cuttings.
Kudula kumachitika m'chaka ndi pakati pa chilimwe. Kuti muchite izi, dulani mphukira zazing'ono, zophweka zouma ndikubzala mu chidebe chaching'ono ndi gawo lapansi. Mizu imaonekera patatha masiku 30. Pambuyo pake, kwanira kokweza zomera mu miphika.
Komanso zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings: petunia, chrysanthemum, pelargonium, azalea, clematis, brugmancia, tui, laurel, cornel, mabulosi
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Cacti, mofanana ndi zomera zina zilizonse, zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda. Kuti muwazindikire m'kupita kwa nthawi, m'pofunika kamodzi pa sabata kuti muyang'ane mosamala cereus kuti muwone mawanga achilendo. Kaŵirikaŵiri amasonyeza madzi osayenera kapena matenda ndi tizilombo.
Zina mwa tizirombo zoopsa zimaonekera:
- kangaude;
- nyongolotsi ya mealy;
- chishango chonyenga;
- schitovka.
Werengani momwe mungagwirire ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ta cacti
Shchitok (tizirombo tating'onoting'ono) ndi osavuta kuwona ndi diso lakuda pa tsinde la chomera. Iwo parasitic mwa kuyamwa cacti madzi. Pofuna kuchotsa tizirombo, Cereus ndi yokwanira kutsanulira tizilombo todabwitsa.
Vuto lina lomwe likuyimira oimira banja la cacti - bowa mu mawonekedwe a zowola. Ngati chilondacho chiri chochepa, chingachotsedwe, ndipo malo osungirako mankhwala amathandizidwa ndi njira ya mowa. Pachifukwa ichi, kuthirira kuyenera kuima mpaka mbewuyo itachiritsidwa.
Mukudziwa? Cacti ali ndi mitundu yoposa 2.5,000 ya banja ili.
Mavuto angakhalepo
Kuwonjezera pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mavuto omwe amakhumudwitsa, eni a Cereus angakumane ndi mavuto ena. Pali milandu pamene cacti musaponyedwe maluwa.
Zifukwa za izi:
- kuunikira kosauka;
- kusagwirizana ndi boma la kutentha;
- kusamba kosayenera;
- Chomeracho sichinafikire zaka zofunikira kuti maluwa awone.
Mwinamwake mudzakhala ndi chidwi chodziwa chomwe chimakhala chofunikira cha cactus.
Kukula cereus yokongola yofalikira kumakhala kosavuta. Kwa izi ndikofunika kupereka chomera ndi kuwala, kutentha komanso panthaŵi yake. Kenaka nyamayo imakondwera nawe ndi fungo lonunkhira la maluwa oyera.
