Nkhaka zambiri ndi zitsamba za pachaka, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mabala ambiri, nthawi zina zimafika kutalika kwa mamita awiri. Kutchire, zikwapu zikugwera pabedi, chomeracho chiri ndi kuwala kokwanira, kotero kutalika kwa mabala ndi kuwerengeka kwawo sikofunikira. Mu wowonjezera kutentha, kuyatsa sikudzakwanira zomera, masamba adzasanduka chikasu, zilondazo ziyamba kuvunda, ndipo zipatso zidzakhala zachikasu, zidzalumikizidwa ndipo sizidzadzaza. Pofuna kupewa izi, mukufunikira galasi yoyenera ya chomera chilichonse - ganizirani m'nkhaniyi momwe izi zingakhalire.
Chofunika
M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa zifukwa zogwirizana ndi chifukwa chake nkofunika kumanga nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha. Pambuyo powerenga izi, zidzatsimikizika kuti khama lino ndi nthawi yomwe zidzathera zidzathandiza kuchepetsa chisamaliro cha mbeu iliyonse, ndipo pambuyo pake idzabwezera ndi chiwongoladzanja pamene nthawi ikufika pokolola zochuluka.
- Kuyanjana bwino nkhaka, kupulumutsa malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito mu wowonjezera kutentha. Podyetsa zitsamba kuti zikulire mmwamba, n'zotheka kupeza malo ochepa omwe akukula komanso osafuna kuunika (radishes, katsabola, letesi, kabichi).
- Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa mphukira ndi kapepala kamodzi kudzathandiza kuti chitukuko chikhale bwinoko, nkhalango zowonjezera zidzapangidwa, zomwe chiwerengero cha mazira mwake chidzawonjezeka.
- Kuwonjezera pa nkhaka, kutentha kwatsopano kumatulutsa tsamba la billet, ndipo izi zikhoza kuvulaza mwanayo, chifukwa sipangakhale zakudya zokwanira kudzaza nkhaka zatsopano. Poyendetsa, woyang'anira munda akudzipangira yekha choti achoke: chipatso kapena mphukira yatsopano. Choncho, womangidwa tchire mosavuta uzitsine.
Pezani chifukwa chomwe mungamangirire tomato, momwe mungapangire chithandizo cha clematis ndi zomwe zimakhala zojambulidwa ndi zomera.
- Garter idzakhala yophweka kupanga kupopera mbewu kwa madzi ndi kuwonetsa kokongola kwa maluwa onse, ndipo kenako - kumathandiza zokolola.
- Nsomba zomangirira zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza ndi njira zowononga matenda kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa tsamba lililonse limalandira mankhwala.
- Komanso, zomera sizingamira, monga zimachitika pamene nkhaka zimakhala pansi pamtunda. Choncho, chipatso chilichonse chidzakula, osangokhala pamtambo wa lashes ndi masamba.
- Nkhuka iliyonse idzaphulika mofanana, siidzavunda ndipo imadwala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga momwe zimakhalire ndi zipatso zogwirizana ndi nthaka, ndipo zidzakhalanso zofiira.
Mukudziwa? Zomera zimakhala ndi holide yake - International Day of Cucumber, yomwe imakondwerera pa July 27.
Njira
Monga tanenera, kuti mukhale ndi nkhaka yochuluka, kuwala kokwanira kuli kofunikira pa tsamba lirilonse, chifukwa liri mu tsamba lamasamba lomwe nkhaka zikukula. Ngati kuyatsa kuli kokwanira, chomeracho chikhoza kubala chipatso mpaka kumapeto kwa munda. Kuti izi zitheke, nkofunika kuti tchire tizilunjika. Ndikofunika kwambiri kulingalira momwe zomera zowonjezeredwa zimatha kukhalira.
Mangani nandolo m'munda.
Pali njira zingapo:
- Zosakaniza Garter.
- Zingwe zomangiriza.
- Njira ya grid.
- Njira yokhala "khungu".
Zosakaniza zamtundu - Njira yophweka yokometsera nkhaka kwa otsika greenhouses. Kuchita izi, zipilala ziwiri zopangidwa ndi matabwa kapena zitsulo za mamita awiri pamwamba zingakumbidwe m'mphepete mwa bedi, zikhoza kukhala zazikulu. Ndiponso, malingana ndi m'lifupi la kama pabedi lonselo, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimakumbanso. Kenaka pakati pa zothandizira zonse pamtunda wa masentimita 25 kapena 30 chingwe kapena chingwe mu mizere ingapo imatambasulidwa pang'onopang'ono. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kumangiriza chitsamba chilichonse mofatsa.
Ikani galimoto trellis kwa nkhaka.Njira iyi ili ndi zovuta ziwiri:
- Kukula, nkhaka zitsamba zimayambitsana wina ndi mzake, chifukwa choti kukula kwake kukucheperachepera;
- Pamene chomeracho chifika pamzere wapamwamba kwambiri wa zingwe, kutentha kwa chitsamba kumapachika pansi ndipo kumayamba kumeta mdima wokha.
Choncho, m'pofunika kuganizira nthawi ino, pamene madzi akuyikidwa pamphepete mwa mabedi, ndipo ngati n'kotheka kuwaika pamwamba kuposa mamita awiri - ndithudi, ngati kutalika kwa wowonjezera kutentha kumalola. Mukhozanso kudulira mitengo yambiri kuti musasiye kukula kwawo.Verter Garter amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo otentha okwera. Pazithunzi za mtengo uwu. Malo ake akumwamba ali pansi pa denga lakutentha, ndipo mbali ya pansi ili pansi. Pakati pa matabwa awa mphuno kapena waya zimatambasula molingana ndi chiwerengero chazomera za nkhaka: mwa njira iyi chomera chirichonse chimapangika kuzungulira tini imodzi.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti asawononge chomeracho, nkofunika kumangiriza tiniyo popanda kutambasula.Kawirikawiri wamaluwa amafewetsa ntchitoyo ndikutambasula mizere yeniyeni ya zingwe molumikiza padenga lazitsulo. Kumapeto kwa zingwe kumangirizidwa ku mipiringidzo yamatabwa kapena zigoba zopangidwa ndi matabwa, zitsulo (kutalika kwa masentimita 30) ndipo amawombera kapena kuponyedwa mu bedi la m'munda. Zitsulo zoterezi ndi zikopa zamatabwa ziyenera kuchitidwa chithandizo ndi mankhwala a saline ophatikizapo anti-decay agents kapena mafuta.
Kenaka amangiriza chitsamba ku zingwe. Pakukula, chomeracho chikulunga kuzungulira kotero ndikuchikoka pamwamba. Wofesa munda ayenera kuyendetsa tsinde pansi pa tsamba lililonse ndipo nthawi zonse amangirire thunthu la chitsamba cha nkhaka kuti athandizidwe kwambiri, mwinamwake chomeracho chidzagwedezeka pansi pa zolemera za nkhaka zakukolola. Ndi njira yowongoka ya nkhaka garter, zomera zimawunikira kwambiri.Njira ina yodzimangira tchire nkhaka zonse mu greenhouses ndipo pamatseguka nthaka ndi yotchuka. pamatope apulasitiki, imatchedwanso trellis. Njira imeneyi ndi yoyenera kwambiri kukwera mitundu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukhazikitsa zojambula pamphepete mwa wowonjezera kutentha. Ayenera kukumbidwa pansi mpaka mamita masentimita 30 ndipo amaonetsetsa kuti nthaka ikuzungulira. N'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo kapena mapulasitiki apangidwe ngati mawonekedwe. Ndikofunika kuti chimango chikhale ndi mphamvu ndi kukhazikika bwino, chifukwa chidzachita katundu wochuluka.
Mukudziwa? Nkhaka ndi yoyamba masamba mbewu m'madera athu mu malo otetezedwa (ngakhale zaka zapakati pa XVIII). Malo osungiramo malo ogona osabisala ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi, ndipo milu ya manyowa inali ngati Kutentha kwa nthaka. Pambuyo pake adaphunzira kumanga nyumba zobiriwira zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha komweko. Ndipo kuyambira mu XIX atumwi, greenhouses okhala ndi mafelemu opangidwa ndi mazenera ndi kutentha kwa mpweya akhala akugwiritsidwa kale ntchito.M'masitolo apadera ogulitsa pali mitundu yosiyana ya trellis nsomba za garden garden, ndi zosiyana (kuchokera mamita limodzi ndi theka ndi pamwamba), ndi mawonekedwe osiyana ndi maselo. Njira yabwino ndiyo galasi ndi maselo okhala ndi masentimita 10. Sizowonjezereka kuziyika: chifukwa cha ichi, chingwechi chiyenera kufalikira pakati pa zothandizira zowononga kuti ziphimbe malo onse ogona. Chingwe cholimba kapena waya ayenera kutumizidwa kumtunda kwa ukonde, pakati pa zothandizira.
Ndikoyenera kuyamba kukwera kuchokera pansi pazitsulo ndi zitsulo zomwe zimalowetsedwa m'maselo ndikuponyedwa pansi ndi 20-30 masentimita. Chofunika kwambiri kulimbikitsa pakati pa gridi, chifukwa gawo ili liri ndi katundu wambiri. Nkhuka iliyonse imadzimangirira yokha ku maselo ndi nyanga zake, kotero palibenso galasi yowonjezera ndi njira iyi sikufunika.Dzidziwitse nokha ndi zofesa malamulo kuti uzidzipitsa mungu ndi parthenocarpic nkhaka mitundu.Ubwino wina wa garter uwu ndikuti nkhaka ingabzalidwe kumbali zonse ziwiri za galasi ya trellis mozungulira kuti pakhale malo okwanira a chitsamba chilichonse. Njira yokonza chitsamba cha nkhaka pa ukonde ndi yamba, koma yokwera mtengo kuposa njira zina.
Ndikofunikira! Pogula galasi ya trellis, onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane mphamvuyo, mwinamwake, ikaphwasula kale, zomera zonse zikhoza kuvutika.Njira ya "khungu" - Ichi ndi kuchotsedwa kwa mbali, mphukira, maluwa ndi ndevu pa garter. Kuyambira kale ntchito ndi wamaluwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kulima nkhaka. Kuti tichite izi, tsinde loyamba limangirizidwa kumtunda wotambasula kapena wotchinga. Kenaka, pamtunda wa masentimita 30 mpaka 50 kuchokera pa bedi, mbali zonse zimachoka ndi ndevu zimachotsedwa pa tsinde lalikulu. Momwemonso, kumakhala malo omwe "amachititsa khungu" thunthu kufika pamasamba 4 kapena 6.
Pambuyo pa dera lopanda kanthu pamtunda wa mamita 1, mbali zowonjezera zimakanikiza pa tsamba loyamba, ovary imodzi iyenera kusiya. Pamtunda wa masentimita 50 pambuyo pake, choyamba chimapangidwa, pamwamba pa tsamba lachiwiri, ndipo ma ovari awiri amatsalira. Pamwamba pa mphukira ayenera kufupikitsidwa pa masamba atatu ndi anayi, kachiwiri kusiya mazira awiri. Njira yowonjezera ndikugwiritsira ntchito nkhaka zimathandizira kuti chiwonjezere chowonjezeka cha zipatso zofooka m'mimba mwake, komanso kulimbitsa tsinde ndi mizu.Phunzirani momwe mungamerekere nkhaka mitundu monga: "Kulimbika", "Chisomo", "Spring", "Spino", "Cedric", "Zozulya", "German", "Nezhinsky", "Competitor".Kuwonjezera kwina ndikutulutsa mpweya wokwanira pafupi ndi mizu, yomwe imapulumutsa zomera ku matenda ndi kuvunda. Sizingakhale zodabwitsa kukumbukira kuti makasitomala a nkhaka ayenera kuchitidwa ndi njira iliyonse yosankhidwa, mwamsanga, pa siteji ya kukula kwa tsamba lachiwiri kapena lachitatu, mpaka mbewuyo itakwera ndi yotsatizana ndi ena. Apo ayi, ngati apatulidwa, osati regrown mbali lashes akhoza kuonongeka, komanso pakati.
Chimene tikusowa
Musanayambe nkhaka zamagalasi mu greenhouses, muyenera kusankha zida ndi zipangizo zomwe mungathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito - ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito ndendende zomwe zingathe kukonza zitsulo kumalonda. Nkhaka zamasamba zothandizidwa ndi zipangizo zotere:
- mitengo yamatabwa ya matabwa kapena zitsulo, mamita 2 kapena kuposerapo;
- twine wamphamvu, waya kapena chingwe;
- manda pulasitiki;
- zikopa zachitsulo zomangiriza mapini;
- zokopa zitsulo zokonzekera minga m'munda;
- zitsulo zamatabwa kapena zitsulo zopangira zitsulo pansi;
- Zinthu zopanda pake: pulasitiki zamagetsi zopangidwa ndi zofewa, twine, nsalu zofewa za thonje (15-20 cm kutalika);
- mipiringidzo yamatabwa yokonzekera mitengo iwiri pansi;
- nyundo, misomali, pliers.
Ndikofunikira! Sungagwiritsidwe ntchitoL zothandizira mmalo mwa nsomba za nsomba kapena waya, monga momwe zidzadulidwira, zidzasakaniza ndi kuvulaza zimayambira.
Nthawi yogwira garter
Kusunga nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa nthawi yake kumatha kulepheretsa chomera kufa, chifukwa zomera zazing'ono zimamangiriza - zimakhala zolimba. Nkhamba yamakono mwanjira iliyonse yosankhidwa iyenera kuchitidwa mofulumira mwamsanga, pa siteji ya kukula kwa tsamba lachiwiri kapena lachitatu, mpaka mbewuyo isanayambe yotsatizana ndi ena. Apo ayi, ngati apatulidwa, osati regrown mbali lashes akhoza kuonongeka, komanso pakati. 
Chomera pamsinkhuwu chiyenera kufika masentimita 36 ndipo chiri ndi masamba asanu ndi limodzi. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mutagwiritsa ntchito garter muyenera kuyika mbali yotsalira ya chomera, chifukwa idzakhala ndi zipatso zambiri. Pa mtunda wa masentimita 36 kuchokera pansi kuchotsa masamba onse ndi inflorescences. Pamene nkhaka ya garlic iyenera kusungidwa pa ngodya ya madigiri 60 pakati pa tsinde loyamba ndi mphukira zachiwiri.
Khalani nkhaka kuthengo, pawindo, mu matumba ndi pa khonde.Kujambula mphukira iliyonse ku chithandizo kapena gridi, n'kosatheka kufikitsa mfundo ya garter zakuthupi pa tsinde. Chovalacho chiyenera kupangidwa m'njira yoti sichikhudza kukula kwa thunthu m'lifupi. Monga momwe mukuonera, kukula kwa nkhaka mu nyengo yotentha ndi kophweka, koma kumafuna kulengedwa kwabwino. Chifukwa cha uphungu wopezeka m'nkhani yathu, nthawi zonse mungathe kupirira mosavuta zinthu zonse zazitsamba za masambawa pamene zikukula, ndipo mphotho idzakhala yabwino komanso yokolola yokolola.
