Callistemon ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe chimakopa chidwi ndi kuyang'ana kwake koyambirira ndi maluwa osazolowereka. Nthaŵi zina kunali kovuta ku Ulaya, koma lero, kubweretsa mbadwa ya ku Australia pansi pa mphamvu ya aliyense wokonda maluwa pawindo lake. Zomwe zili m'moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku komanso zomwe zili zofunika ku chomera cha kunja kwa dziko lapansi, tilankhulane mwatsatanetsatane.
Kufotokozera
Pansi pa chikhalidwe chachilengedwe, pulogalamu ya callist imakula ku Australia, Tasmania, New Caledonia. Ndiko komwe mungakumane naye mu mawonekedwe a shrub ndi mtengo wawung'ono. Chomera chobiriwira chimenechi chimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, womwe umafika pamtengo.
Mphepete mwa iwo ndi lakuthwa ndipo nthawizonse amatsogolera kumalire kwa dzuwa kuti asamawotche. Mu minofu ya minofu ya masamba ndi glands wodzaza mafuta ofunikira.
Mukudziwa? Dzina la chomeracho chinapangidwa ndi kuphatikiza mau awiri - "kallos" - wokongola ndi "stemon" - stamen.
Yoyandikira kwambiri ya summeristemon blooms. Pa nthawiyi, yaikulu (mpaka 12 cm) fluffy spikelets kuchokera zosiyanasiyana inflorescences ndi yaitali stamens kuoneka pamwamba pa zimayambira. Malinga ndi subspecies, maluwa angasangalatse kuyang'ana ndi zoyera, zachikasu, pinki, zamoto zofiira.
Chigoba cha inflorescence chimafanana ndi botolo la mabotolo. Zinyama, mbalame zimayambitsa mungu, kotero kuti kukwera pamwamba pa makutu kumawoneka mipira yeniyeni-mabokosi ndi mbewu.
Timakulangizani kuti mudziwe bwino za kulima kwa zomera zotere monga chrysalidocarpus, pachypodium, alokaziya, tsikas, strelitzia, hovey, tulip mtengo, drimiopsis, hymenocallis, feijoa, pandanus, crossander, ixora.
Callistemon ndi wa banja la Mirtovas ndipo amaimiridwa ndi mitundu yambiri, yomwe ndi yotchuka kwambiri yomwe imadziwika:
- Nkhalango ya Pine (Callistemon pinifolius). Dzina la mitunduyi linali chifukwa cha masamba omwe amawoneka ngati singano za singano mpaka 12 cm kutalika ndi 0.15 masentimita awiri. Pamwamba kumtunda ali ndi chimbudzi chozama. Mtundu wawo uli wotumbululuka, wofiira, wamaluwa obiriwira obiriwira amawoneka bwino kwambiri motsutsana ndi maziko ake.
- Prut (Callistemon viminalis). "Zingwe" zake zimakhala ndi tsitsi lalitali, ndipo masamba akhoza kukhala osiyana. Makamaka amtengo wapatali ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono omwe amakula kwambiri pa mphukira.
- Lemon (Callistemon citrinus). Subspecies amasiyanitsa ndi masamba a lanceolate, omwe, pakutha, amafalitsa kukoma kwa mandimu. Khutu lake ndi lodziwika chifukwa cha mtundu wake wofiira wobiriwira, womwe umawonekera bwino pambuyo kwa masamba ang'onoang'ono.
- Willow (Callistemon salignus). Koperani yaikulu ngati banja lino (ikhoza kufika mamita 12). Mapuloteni ake omwe amawoneka ngati mapiri otchedwa inflorescences amatambasula kwa masentimita 7-8, ndipo ma stamens ali odzaza ndi maonekedwe a chikasu, pinki ndi oyera. Amasiya masentimita 1.2, akuwonetsa kumapeto.
Mukudziwa? Chitsanzo choyamba cha callistemon chinauzidwa ku Ulaya mu 1789 ndi Joseph Banks ku Royal Botanical Gardens ku Great Britain.
- Okonda (Callistemon speciosus). Mitundu imeneyi imamva bwino m'nyumba zowonongeka, choncho imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera cha mphika. Kutalika kumatha kufika mamita 4, koma nthawi zambiri sichikulira pamlingo wotere. Mphukira zake ndi zofiira, ndipo maluwa amadziwika ndi mazira ambiri a mafuta.
Kukula
Kukula kwasitima ku nyumba n'kosavuta. Muyenera kuyamba pakufufuza zokolola. Ngati mungathe kupeza zipatso zamakono kuchokera kwa anzanu, mabwenzi anu, ndiye zabwino, koma osati - ndiye mukhoza kupeza mbewu pa intaneti.
Zidzakhalanso zothandiza kuti mupeze maluwa omwe saloledwa kukula pakhomo.
Nthawi yabwino yoyendetsa nthaka ikuchokera ku August mpaka March. Ndi bwino kudzala mu mphika wa kukula kwapakati, mutatha kukonza nthaka. Monga nthaka yofiira, sungani mbali 4 za nthaka ya sod, magawo awiri a nkhuni ndi peat, ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga wa mtsinje.
Pansi pansi mumatulutsa ngalande ya perlite. Mu chifukwa kusakaniza ndi anabzala mbewu. Musawaike m'manda, chifukwa mbewuzo zidzakhala zovuta kutuluka. Chifukwa chake, kubzala kudzera m'mapangidwe okonzeka kumakhala kophweka kwambiri - mphukira yachinyamata sichiyenera kuyendetsa dziko lapansi. 
Mutabzala, mbewu zonse zimamera ndi filimu kapena galasi, kenako imayandikana ndi dzuwa ndipo imamwe madzi awiri pa tsiku. Mmawu awa, chomera chimafuna masabata 2-3 kuti muzuke (mbeu) kapena kumera (mbewu).
Malo okhalitsa a callistemon, mbali ya kum'maŵa, kum'mwera, kapena kumadzulo ndi yoyenera, kumene kuli kuwala kwa masana. Koma kutentha kwa mbewu sikunali kochuluka, ngakhale kumakhala kovuta. Mu chilimwe, ndi bwino kuti akhale 20-22 ° C, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira amasankha pafupifupi 12-16 ° C.
Callistemon imakonda chinyezi, choncho m'nyengo ya chilimwe iyenera kukhala yopopedwa nthawi zonse ndi madzi otentha. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zambiri kuthirira sikofunikira, mwinamwake pamakhala chiopsezo cha mabakiteriya ndi bowa pa chomera.
Ndikofunikira! Mukhoza kudziwa kuti zosowa zimakhala zofunikira pa kuthira nthaka yowuma pamwamba pa mphika.
Chisamaliro
Callastemon chisamalande nthawi yambiri. Kuti chitukuko chikhale chokhazikika komanso nthawi zonse, maluwa amafunika feteleza komanso kudulira nthawi yake.
Dyetsani kawiri pamwezi pa nthawi ya kukula (yogwira-chilimwe). Pazinthu izi, malo oyenera a mchere, omwe amapezeka m'masitolo ena apadera. M'nyengo yozizira, callistemon safuna zakudya zoterozo.
Zomera zothandiza m'nyumba zimaphatikizapo: geranium, chlorophytum, laurel, ficus, Kalanchoe, chrysanthemums, cactus ndi sansevieria.
Kudulira kumachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo ya maluwa. Pambuyo pa zozizira zakugwa, zozizwitsa zazing'ono zimakhalabe m'malo awo. Zimangowononga maonekedwe a zosowa, komanso zimakhala zopinga kwazotsatira maluwa.
Kumayambiriro kwa masika, chomeracho chimadulidwa kuti chizipangitse ndikukula. Izi ndizofunikira kuti chitukuko chikhale chonchi, koma chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kupanga choyambirira kuchokera ku chitsamba. 
Kuwaza
Exot iyi imakhala bwinoko pang'onopang'ono, kotero ndikofunikira kubwezeretsanso kuchilimwe, pamene mizu imakhala yokongoletsedwa m'mphepete mwa dothi. Kwa zomera zazing'ono, ndondomeko iyenera kuchitika chaka chilichonse, koma okalamba akuluakulu amafunikira kokha kamodzi kokha kwa zaka 2-3.
Nthaka mu poto yatsopano iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi yoyamba kubzala. Ngati chomeracho chafika pa kukula kwakukulu, ndiye kuti chitonthozo chake ndi chofunika, ndibwino kusintha nthaka yowonjezera mu mphika ku gawo lapansi pachaka.
Zimakonzedwa mofanana ndi nthaka, koma nthawi ndi nthawi sizimapweteka kuti zisinthe m'malo mwake ndi chisakanizo cha peat, makungwa a pine ndi perlite.
Nthaŵi zambiri maluwa oyera kapena ofiira amawoneka pamwamba pa nthaka m'phika. Ichi ndi mchere komanso zosafunika zosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku madzi omwe amathiridwa pazomera. Ngati izi zitheka, ingosintha zowonjezera dothi kukhala gawo latsopano. 
Njira zoberekera
Monga tanenera pamwambapa, callistemon ikhoza kukulira mothandizidwa ndi mbewu ndi cuttings. Njira iliyonse ili ndi ubwino wake ndi ubwino wake:
- Ngati mutabzala ndi mbeu, ndiye kuti mutha kubzala mungagwiritse ntchito bokosi lalikulu lodzaza ndi kusakaniza ndi mchenga. Nkhumba siziyenera kukhala zocheperapo kuposa 1 masentimita, mwinamwake zidzakhala zovuta kuti iwo amere. Pambuyo kufesa, madzi ndi kuphimba ndi filimu kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha. Pamene ziphuphu zimatambasula mpaka 2-3 masentimita, ndi nthawi yoti muzitha. Pa nthawiyi, mudzafunika miphika 7-9 masentimita. Panthawi imeneyi, mbande zimakula pang'onopang'ono, masentimita 4-5 pachaka. Maluwa oyambirira samawonekera kale kuposa zaka 4-5.
- Kuphatikizira ndondomeko yoyenera ya ma 5-8 masentimita m'litali. Amaikidwa mabokosi odzaza ndi mchenga ndi kusungidwa m'nyengo yozizira pa kutentha kwa 18-20 ° C.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuchepetsa kukula, zimalimbikitsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kupanga mbande ndi zopatsa mphamvu, komanso kuyesa Kutentha Kwambiri.
Mofanana ndi mbewu, zidutswa za cuttings zimayambitsa kutentha kwabwino poika bokosi ndi filimu ndikuwaza zomera kamodzi pa tsiku. Pamene mbande ili ndi mizu yabwino, ndi nthawi yowaika m'miphika ndi masentimita asanu ndi awiri (7 cm). Kufalitsa ndi cuttings kumachepetsanso maluwa a zomera: pazomweku zingatheke chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Pali malamulo angapo, kukwaniritsa kwake ndi chitsimikiziro cha callistemon thanzi
- kuunikira bwino;
- kupeza nthawi zonse mpweya watsopano;
- kulibe chilala ndi madzi ochuluka;
- nyengo yozizira m'nyengo yozizira.
Ngati mukuphwanya malamulowa, mulipo mwayi wodziwa bwino adani akuluakulu a callistemon.
Aphid Ichi ndi tizilombo tochepa tomwe timakhala timdima tambirimbiri, takuda kapena tchikasu ndi utali wa 5-7 mm, umene umadyetsa zamasamba. Kuoneka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa exotus, ndipo pakapita nthawi kumwalira kwake. 
Pofuna kupewa izi, sungani chomeracho, koma osati nyengo yotentha, pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Onetsetsani kuti palibe nyerere pozungulira. Kaŵirikaŵiri amakonza kukwera ndege ndipo samalola overfeeding callistemona. Ngati chomeracho chimawoneka ngati masamba, amataya pamwamba pao (chisanu) kapena pachimake - zikutanthauza kuti aphid yayamba kale ntchito yake.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Intovir, Fitoverm, Strela, ndi zina zotero) komanso njira yothetsera sopo (10-15 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre) imathandizira kuchotsa. Choyamba, timatsuka chomeracho ndi sopo, ndikuchikonza ndi chida chapadera malinga ndi malangizo ake.
Ndikofunikira! Ndondomeko ndizofunikira adzakhala nkubwereza Masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri (7) kuti tipewe kutuluka kwa mbadwo watsopano wa tizirombo.
Kangaude mite Akangaude osachepera 1mm amakonda kubisala pansi pa masamba, kotero amawoneka kovuta kwambiri kuti awone. Kukhalapo kwake kumasonyezedwa ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono oyera omwe amabalalika pamwamba pa tsamba, timitengo tomwe timayambitsa chomera; nthawi zina pamphuno za masamba kapena nsonga za mphukira, mukhoza kuona mliri wambiri wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. 
Mite ndi yovulaza ndi zotsatira zake mwachindunji pa callistemon, chifukwa imapangitsa kuti izi zitheke, komanso imakhala yogwira ntchito ya matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi. Nkhupaku imapezeka m'zipinda zouma kumene mvula imakhala yotsika. Amakonda masamba akale, masamba ouma komanso fumbi.
Choncho, kuyeretsa kawirikawiri za mbeu ndi njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timathandiza tizilombo ("Karbofos", "Aldicarb", etc.), komanso njira yothetsera dandelion (mankhwala osakanizika angagulidwe ku pharmacy).
Lembani 20-25 g ya dandelion ndi 1 l madzi ofunda ndi kulimbikira kwa maola 1-2, ndiye tsambulani masamba bwino ndi kulowetsedwa. Pambuyo pa masiku angapo, kubwezeretsa kachilombo n'kofunikira kuti muteteze kusasitsa kwa mazira.
Whitefly. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga tizilombo tomwe timapanga tizilombo tokha silimapweteka mbewu, koma nyansi zake (bowa zakuda) zimakhudza zomera. Monga tizilombo touluka, whitefly akhoza kukhala wogawira matenda osiyanasiyana. 
Kuwona kukhalapo kwake pa chomera kumakhala kosavuta kugwetsa pachimake chokongola (chisanu), chomwe chimapezeka ndi bowa zowononga. Popeza whitefly imakonda kutentha, pofuna kuteteza mawonekedwe ake, nkofunika kutentha kutentha m'nyengo yozizira pamlingo wa chisanu (osati pamwamba pa 20 ° C).
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Aktellik, Mospilan, Pegasus, ndi zina zotero), zomwe ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo, zimathandiza kuchotsa njenjete yovulaza. Ndipo kuchokera kumayiko omwe amatha matepi amtundu wa ntchentche amadziwika kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri.
Kuoneka kwawo kowala ndi fungo labwino kumalimbikitsa whitefly, ndipo maziko omatira samalola kuti achoke mumsampha. Ngakhale kuti zinangokhalako zachilendo, kampani yotchedwa callistemon kwa zaka zoposa 200 ku Ulaya inatha kuthetseratu kuti ikhale yokhazikika.
Zokwanira kuyika nthaka yabwino, kuonetsetsa kutentha kwa nthaka ndikuyang'ana ulimi wothirira kuti nthawi zonse ikondweretse diso ndi mawonekedwe ake osangalatsa komanso maluwa okongola. Kutuluka kotereku kumakopa alendo komanso kukongoletsa nyumba iliyonse.
