Kwa iwo amene amakonda kukongoletsa mkati mwa nyumba zawo ndi zomera zachilendo ndi zachilendo, ife tikukulangizani kuti muyang'ane Carissa kapena chipinda cha chipinda. Kusamalira iye sikovuta, koma limamasula bwino kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, kutchire kapena kutulutsa mafuta, imabweretsa zipatso zokoma. Kodi mungasamalire bwanji Carissa kunyumba ndipo ndi mavuto otani omwe angabwerere pa nkhaniyi, werengani nkhani zathu.
Kufotokozera
Carissa (lat. Carissa) - Iyi ndi shrub yobiriwira kapena mtengo wawung'ono, umene amamera a zomera amapezeka pakati pa banja la Kutrov. Kutchire, ndi nthambi zambiri, ndipo thunthu imakula mpaka mamita 8 mu msinkhu. Korona ingakhale yaikulu ngati thunthu. Pa nthambi apo pali minga. Masambawa amakhala ozungulira, kutalika kwa masentimita 3 mpaka 8. Mbali yawo ya pamwamba ndi sera, yosalala, yobiriwira.
Pakhomo, mukhoza kukula zomera zosangalatsa: chinanazi, calamondin, medlar, kivano, feijoa, rambutan, makangaza.
Pakati pa nyengo yokula, Carissa ali ndi chipale chofewa choyera kapena chinunkhira chamaluwa asanu-petal. Fungo lawo ndilo kukumbukira jasmine, koma ndilofooka. Chokongola kwambiri chitsamba chimadzaza ndi maluwa kuyambira May mpaka September. 
Chomera chimabweretsa zipatso zofiira kapena zakuda, zofanana ndi maula. Mawindo awo aatali kuyambira 1.5 mpaka 6 cm m'litali. Zipatso zikafika pachimake, zimakhala ndi mbewu 6 mpaka 16 zofiira kapena zofiira. Zipatso zikhoza kudyedwa, ziwalo zina zonse zazomera ndizoopsa.
South Africa amaonedwa kuti ndi malo obadwira a Carissa. Mu 1886, adabweretsedwa ku USA, komwe adayesedwa kuti abzalidwe m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1905, shrub yadziwika kuzilumba za Hawaiian. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1913, choyamba chinagawidwa ku Bahamas. Masiku ano amalimidwa ku India, East Africa, Philippines, ndi Israeli, makamaka ndi zokongoletsera komanso ngati kubzala.
Mtundu wa Carissa uli ndi mitundu pafupifupi 35 ndi mitundu yambiri. Zina mwazo ndizochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimakonzedwa kuti zizilima mu chipinda. Popeza chomera chikufuna kukula mu nyengo yozizira kapena yozizira, sichimera mizu yathu pansi, nyengo yozizira imakhala yozizira kwambiri. Kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumatha kupirira kuli mpaka -3 ° C (zitsanzo zazing'ono mpaka -1 ° C). 
Mukudziwa? Mitengo yambiri ya banja la Kutrov, mwachitsanzo, acokanter ndi pachipodium, amadziwika kuti ndi zomera zoopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Iwo ali ndi lacteal madzi (latex), alkaloids, mtima wa glycosides. Zomera zamkati mwa munthu ndizowopsa ku dera la desert kapena adenium, plumeria, allamand, oleander. Akakulira m'nyumba, amangogwiridwa ndi magolovesi.
Mzere
Pogwira ntchito ndi Carissa, ena obereketsa adadalira fruiting yake ndikuyesera kutulutsa mitundu ndi mitundu yokolola, pamene ena amawona kukongoletsa ndi kukongola kwa chomera kukhala cholinga chawo.
Choncho, mitundu yololera kwambiri, Zokongola, Torrey Pines, Gifford, Extra Sweet, Alles (Chesley) zinadulidwa.
Mitundu yambiri yamakono ndi yotchuka, yotchuka kwambiri ndi: Bonsai, Boxwood Beauty, Princess Princess, Grandiflora, Green Carpet, Horizontalis, Linkii, Boy Low, Minima, Nana, Nana Compacta, Prostrata ndi Tuttlei.
Mwa mitunduyi, anayi amapezeka kwambiri:
- pensulo (Carissa congesta);
- lalikulu (Carissa grandiflora);
- miyezi iwiri (Carissa bispinosa);
- lalikulu-fruited (Carissa macrocarpa).
Kusamalira Zomera
Florist imasonyeza chisamaliro cha Carissa kukhala chovuta, koma ndi zovuta zina. Komabe, kulima duwa ndi kotheka ngakhale oyamba kumene.
Kuunikira
Monga chomera chokonda kutentha, m'nyumba yamkati imakonda kuwala ndi kowala kwambiri. Ngati mukukonzekera kukula Karissa pawindo, liyenera kupita kumwera, kumadera akutali - kumadzulo kapena kumwera-kumadzulo. Apo ayi, mudzafunika kukonzekera kuunikira kwina. Apo ayi, ngati kulibe kuwala, nthambi zidzatulutsidwa ndikukhala ndi maonekedwe osadzimva.
Kutentha
Duwa limakonda chipinda chofunda, kumene kutentha kwa chilimwe kumakhala pa 18-25 ° С. M'nthawi yamtendere - m'dzinja-yozizira - kutentha kwa kusungidwa kwa mbeu kudzafunika kuchepetsedwa kufika 14-18 ° C Ndilo kulengedwa kwa kutentha kotereku komwe kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale bwino masika a maluwa. Kuyambira mu March mpaka October, mbewuyi ikhoza kusungidwa pa glagia loggia kapena pa khonde.
Malo osungira malo akhoza kusinthidwa kuti azilima mbewu za m'munda ndi munda. Phunzirani momwe mungabzala nkhaka, gladioli, marigolds, nandolo zabwino, katsabola pa khonde.
Nthaka
Ku nthaka ya Carissa palibe zofunikira zapadera. Matenda aakulu ndi ofooka acidity. Amakula bwino mu nthaka ya mchenga ndi humus. Angalekerere dothi la saline.
Kuthirira
Carissa ayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse, koma osati ochuluka. Maluwawo amatha kupirira chilala, koma chimagonjetsa bwino ndi malowa - ndi madzi amphamvu, mitsempha yambiri komanso tsinde likhoza kuyamba.
Kuti chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa chimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyanika kwa dothi la pamwamba.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo ya potted iyenera kuthiriridwa kokha ndi yofewa, yotentha kwa masiku angapo. ndi madzi (osati pansi pa 20 ° C). Chofunika kwambiri kuthirira ndi thawed kapena madzi amvula.
Chinyezi
Kuti chinyezi, chomera sichimafuna. Momwemonso bwino imalekerera mpweya wouma m'nyumbamo m'nyengo yotentha ndipo imatonthozedwa ndi thandizo la zipangizo zamakono. The optimum chinyezi kwa kukula Carissa amakhalabe pa 45-55%.
Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, chomerachi chimatha kusambitsidwa kapena kusamba. Icho chidzatsuka fumbi la mkati, masamba adzatha kupuma bwino.
Kupaka pamwamba
Dyetsani kukhetsa chipinda ndikofunikira chaka chonse. Kuthamanga kwabwino kwambiri kamodzi nthawi iliyonse masiku 14-21.
Kwa zambiri maluwa phosphate feteleza amafunika. Pachiyambi cha nyengo yokula kumafuna kuyambitsa chitsulo. M'nyengo yozizira, ayenera kudyetsedwa mchere. 
Kudulira
Monga lamulo, Carissa amapanga korona wokongola, chotero, kuti apereke mawonekedwe okongola ndi okonzeka bwino amafunika kudulira kawirikawiri. Dziwani kuti popeza pali minga pa nthambi, muyenera kudula chomera ndi magolovesi kuti muteteze manja anu.
Kudulira komwe kunapangidwa m'chaka. Chotsani nthambi zomwe zimathandizira ku thickening wa korona, panthawi imodzimodziyo kupereka duwa lozungulira mawonekedwe. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuchita izi, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kuti nthambi zikhale zolimba, monga momwe zimakhalira.
Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, mbewuyo imabwezeretsedwa mwamsanga komanso mosavuta.
Kuwaza
Pambuyo maluwawo asanakwanitse zaka zitatu, ayenera kuikidwa chaka chilichonse m'chaka. Pambuyo pake, izi zimachitika kamodzi pakatha zaka zitatu. Kuwombera mbewu ndikofunikira chifukwa ngati sikuchitika, udzayamba kumasula masamba ang'onoang'ono ndikusiya kukula.
Kwa kubzala, mukhoza kukonzekera gawo ili:
- nthaka;
- tsamba lapansi;
- dothi;
- nthaka;
- mchenga wa mtsinje.
Chophimba chodzala ndi bwino kusankha keramiki. Ndi kusinthana kulikonse, ziyenera kukhala zakuya ndi zozama kusiyana ndi zomwe zapitazo. Mitsuko iyenera kuikidwa pansi.
Pambuyo pa kuziyika, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa mochulukira ndi kuzimitsidwa kwa masiku angapo kuchokera kwa dzuwa.
Kuwongolera
Kumtchire, chomeracho chimayambira mungu ndi tizilombo tokoma. Pamene izi sizingatheke, munthu amapanga pollination yopanga.
Kuswana
Lembani Carissa m'njira ziwiri:
- mbewu;
- vegetative - cuttings.
Mbewu
Kufesa mbewu kumafuna dothi la mchenga.
- Musanadzalemo dothi ayenera kuthira.
- Mbewu isanayambe kufesa imayenera kutchera tsiku limodzi m'madzi ofunda.
- Ndikoyenera kukumba mu gawo lapansi ku kuya kwa 0.7-1 masentimita.
- Kubzala kumafunika kukhala ndi zojambulazo kuti pakhale zotsatira zowonjezera kutentha.
Zikumera ziyenera kuyembekezedwa mu masabata awiri. Ataonekera, filimuyi iyenera kuchotsedwa. Zomera zimafalitsidwa ndi njira ya mbeu, kulowa maluwa pokhapokha ali ndi zaka ziwiri.Cuttings
Maluwa amafalitsidwa ndi kudula, kuyembekezera chaka chimodzimodzi.
- Cuttings ayenera kukolola mu kugwa.
- Amadulidwa kuchokera pamwamba pa mphukira, kusiya atatu internodes.
- Ndikofunika kuchitira kudula kwa kudula ndi mizu yopanga stimulator.
- Gawo gawo lokonzekera limapangidwa kuchokera ku peat ndi perlite.
- Mutabzala, ndi cuttings ali ndi filimu kapena magalasi mitsuko.
Rooting cuttings m'madzi ali osavomerezeka chifukwa awo kawirikawiri kuvunda.Ntchito
Kuphatikizapo kuti shrub yabzalidwa ndi cholinga chopezera zipatso, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa malo okongoletsera, nthawi zambiri kubzala mipanda.
Kusankha zitsamba zaminga, muyenera kumvetsera barberry Thunberg, forsythia, calypod, hawthorn, boxwood.
Chomeracho chagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala. Choncho, zipatso ndi masamba a mapepala a Carissa amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga astringent kuti athetse kutsegula m'mimba. Kudulidwa kwa mizu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wothandizira wotsutsa. Mizu yazitsulo imatulutsidwa kuti achepetse kupanikizika.
Mtengo wa zipatso
Carissa zipatso ali pamtundu ngati zipatso. Khungu lawo ndi loonda; thupi ndi lowawa, lokoma kapena lowawa pang'ono, lofiira. Mukamawomba, mchere woyera umatulutsidwa. Mbewu mukamadya siziwoneka.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso zokoma zokha, zomwe ndizofewa komanso ndi khungu lofiira. Zipatso zosagwira ntchito zingayambitse poizoni.
Nthenda yamtengo wapatali ya zipatso - 61-62 kcal. Iwo ndi olemera:- mavitamini A, B1, B2, C, PP;
- calcium;
- magnesiamu;
- chitsulo;
- sodium;
- phosphorus;
- mkuwa;
- potaziyamu
Ngakhale mankhwala owopsa, pofuna kuchiza matenda a zamankhwala, gwiritsani ntchito diso la khwangwala, wolfberry, mabulosi a yew, ivy, ng'ombe parsnip, boxwood, udzu wofiira, snyat, kusamba suti.
Zipatso zimayamwa mwatsopano, zowonjezera saladi, komanso kupanikizana, jams, odzola, puddings, syrups zakonzedwa kuchokera kwa iwo. Ku Asia, amagwiritsidwa ntchito podzaza kuphika, popanga makeke, kukongoletsa mikate. Amwenye ochokera ku zipatso zosapsa amakonzekera marinades.
Mavuto akukula
Ngati pali zolakwika mu chisamaliro, chomeracho chidzasonyeza kusintha kwa maonekedwe ake. Choncho, kugwidwa kwakukulu kwa internodes mwina kumasonyeza kuti duwa silimveka bwino pamalo pomwe ilipo panthawiyi. Choncho, muyenera kumupeza ngodya ina - kuwala ndi kutenthetsa.
Nthambi zazing'ono kwambiri ndi masamba osweka zimasonyeza kuti duwa silokwanira. Perekani chitsimikizo china kapena kusintha kusungidwa kwa mphika. 
Kuphuka kwa masamba kungakhale chifukwa cha mphepo yotentha kwambiri m'nyumba. Chomeracho chimafunika kukhazikitsa zinthu zoziziritsira ndi kupopera mbewu, kusisita, kapena kusunthira kumalo ena.
Kutaya masamba kumasonyeza kuti duwalo limasowa chinyezi. Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chikhale madzi okwanira nthawi zonse.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu ya zomera za acocanter ndi pachipodium, zomwe, monga Carissa, zimaphatikizidwa mu banja la Kutrov, a Bushmen anadula poizoni chifukwa cha mivi.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Ndi zolakwika pobzala ndikukula carissa, zingakhudze matenda ndi majeremusi.
Zomera tizirombo ndizoopsa:
- kangaude - kukhalapo kwa kangaude pa thunthu ndi masamba amasonyeza matenda;
- zizindikiro za kuwonongeka ndi ma chikasu pa masamba ndi thunthu;
- Aphid - imayambitsa kuphulika kwa masamba ndi masamba, kuoneka kwazing'ono ndi uchi mkunthambi;
- Zambiri - maonekedwe awo amapezeka ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono akuda pamasamba, kusinthika kwa mphukira zazing'ono, chipika cha siliva pa masamba akale;
- Whitefly - tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timawuluka pamwamba pa chomera, mphutsi zimawonekera pamunsi mwa tsamba la tsamba.
Ngati maluwawo ndi ofunda kwambiri, akhoza kuvulaza. Pa nthawi yoyamba ya chitukukochi, imfa ya mbewu ikhoza kupezeka pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ndi machitidwe a fungicides (Teldor, Switch VDG, Horus VDH), njira ya mkuwa, sopo 0,2% ya Readzol, 0.1% yankho "Topsina-M". Kawirikawiri imafuna mankhwala awiri. Ngati duwa limadabwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti simungathe kulisunga.Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuti ikule chitsamba chachinyamata, kuyang'ana njira zothandizira kuti zisamayende bwino: kusamaliramo malo nthawi zambiri, kusamitsitsiranso nthaka, chinyezi chambiri pamasamba ndi siponji, musamange maluwa ambiri pamphepete imodzi, ndondomeko yakuti "Fundazol" ndi "Topsin-M" "cholinga cha kupewa.
Motero, Carissa ndi chomera choyambirira ndi chokongola chomwe, mosasamala, chidzakondweretsa mwiniwakeyo ndi maluwa ambirimbiri omwe amatha maluwa komanso ngakhale fruiting. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimafunikira kupatsidwa maluwa kuti zikhale bwino ndikukula bwino ndizounikira zokwanira, nyengo yabwino ya kutentha, nthawi zonse madzi okwanira komanso nthawi zambiri kudya, zomwe zimakhala mosavuta mumzinda wamba.
Malingaliro othandiza kukula kwa carissa kuchokera kumayiko ena
Mbewu yanga ya Carissa poyamba inapereka nthambi zitatu, ndipo kenako zinakula kukula. Ndinazitsitsa kwambiri, koma iye sanafune kuyendetsa njira iliyonse. Kenaka ndinagwedeza onse opulumuka atatu - kumapeto, ndikukula awiri atsopano pa atatu onsewa. Choncho musadandaule, musadandaule ...Evgenia
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