Zimene mungadyetse maluwa

Maluwa - maluwa okongola. Kuti akule bwino, amafunikira kusamalidwa, kuthandizidwa, chakudya ndi feteleza, popeza akusowa kwambiri pansi pa nthaka ndipo nthawi zonse amaika kukongola kwa maluwa awo kuti adziwe momwe angakhalire akukula nthawi zonse.

Nchifukwa chiyani nkofunika kulima maluwa?

Anyezi pansi pa nthaka, ziribe kanthu momwe izo zimamveketsa, ndi mutu wa maluwa onsewa. Zimadalira momwe maluwa omwe ali pamwambapa amatha kukula mofulumira komanso kumera bwino nthawi ya chilimwe, momwe maluwawo amapangidwira bwino, momwe zimakhalira maluwa okongola komanso momwe kakombo kadzakonzekera nyengo yotsatira.

Choncho, ndizofunikira kwambiri kukwaniritsa chakudya cha pansi pa mbeu. Ndipo chakudya ichi cha mizu ya maluwa chingaperekedwe panthawi yake komanso apamwamba kwambiri kudya.

Mukudziwa? Mbalame yakale ya ku Aigupto, yomwe imatchedwa kakombo, inalongosola panthawi imodziyi ufulu ndi chiyembekezo.

Feteleza masika

Kugona kwa nthawi yozizira, kutentha kwa masika kumamangirira mphamvu zake zonse kukakamiza zobiriwira ndi kupanga masamba, zomwe zakudya zomwe zimasungidwa mu babu ndi zomwe zimachokera ku mizu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamphamvu. Choncho mtengo wa feteleza feteleza ndi feteleza ndi kovuta kwambiri.

Nthawi yabwino ya feteleza

Akatswiri amavomereza kuti kuvala koyamba kusapangidwe koyambirira kusiyana ndi kutentha kwa nthaka kumatuluka ku 6-7 ° C. M'madera osiyanasiyana a nyengo, nyengo iyi imabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. M'madera ena, amayamba kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, pamene ena amalembedwa mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe nokha ndi zomwe zimabzala ndi kusamalira maluwa panja, komanso kuti mudziwe ngati ndi bwino kubwezeretsa duwa.

Chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe mungadziwe bwino nthawi yoyamba kudyetsa, ndi kutalika kwa tsinde, chomwe chiyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 10. Pasanapite nthawi, feteleza ndibechabechabe, chifukwa mababuwo satha kuzigwira.

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Mbali za feteleza pa siteji yoyenda

Pakukonzekera kwa kakombo ka maluwa, ndiko kuti, panthawi yozizira, chomeracho chikusowa kwambiri nayitrogeni kusiyana ndi nthawi zina zonse zomwe zakula. Phosphorus imathandizanso panthawiyi. Izi zimakhudza kukula kwa masamba ndi kuwala kwa masamba pamene masamba akuphuka.

Fufuzani chifukwa cha masamba a chikasu, masamba, momwe mungathandizire matenda a maluwa ndi choti muchite ngati nkhumba zofiira zikuwonekera pa masamba.

Kusankha feteleza yoyenera

Zomwe zimakhala zofunika kwambiri pokonzekera maluwa a maluwa zingakhale zonse mchere komanso zakudya zowonjezera. Kugulidwa

Kuchokera ku makina opangidwa ndi mchere omwe ali ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu, magnesium, ndi zinthu zina zopindulitsa, feteleza zatsimikiziridwa bwino kwambiri mwa mawonekedwe a:

• ammonium nitrate, yomwe iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mlingo wa supuni imodzi pa mita imodzi ya mabedi;
• nitrophos, supuni yomwe imayenera kuchepetsedwa mu chidebe cha madzi;
• azophos, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi nitrophos;
• nitroammophos, supuni imodzi ndi hafu yomwe imayenera kusungunuka mu chidebe cha madzi;
• Kemira Lux, ali ndi yankho lokhala ndi malita 10 a madzi ndi supuni ya fetereza, muyenera kuthirira maluwa masabata angapo musanayambe maluwa;
• Kalimagnezii, yomwe ili ndi zinthu zina, komanso magnesium, yomwe imapatsa kuwala kwa maluwa, ndi 20 g yomwe imayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mita iliyonse ya maluwa.

Zakudya zowonjezera mavitamini ndizitsulo zabwino za nitrojeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu kuti zikhale ndi maluwa panthawi yamaluwa, koma sungathe, pokhapokha, popanda kuwonjezera kwa feteleza mchere, zimapatsa zomera ndi zinthu zonsezi.

Chidziwitso chachikulu pakati pa wamaluwa akulandira mankhwala oyambirira a kuvala pamwamba ngati mawonekedwe a mullein. Amakonzedwa kuchokera ku ndowe ya ng'ombe ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha manyowa limodzi ndi magawo anayi madzi. Zosakaniza zimenezi zimasakanizidwa mu chidebe ndipo zimasiyidwa kwa masiku khumi, pomwe njirayi imasakanizidwa kawiri kapena katatu patsiku.

Njira yothetsera yowonjezera ya mullein imadzipitsidwa mofanana ndi 1 lita imodzi ya fetereza pa 10 malita a madzi.

Ndikofunikira! Mulimonsemo sikutheka kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa abwino monga fetereza kwa maluwa. Izi zingachititse imfa ya mbewu.

Kupaka feteleza ngati nkhuni kumathandiza kwambiri maluwawa. Phulusa lirilonse lopangidwa ndi nkhuni zoyaka ndiloyenera kwa izi. Atatha kufota, galasi la phulusa limaphatikizidwa ku chidebe cha madzi. Kusakaniza kumeneku kungakhale kagawo kakang'ono koti mitsinje ikhale masika.

Gwiritsani ntchito olima maluwa kuti azidyetsa ziweto zawo kumsanganizo kapena manyowa. Kompositi imakonzedwa kuchokera ku zinthu zilizonse zamoyo ndi zamoyo zomwe zimafalikira pa ntchito yofunikira ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Izi zimapezeka mumitengo ya manyowa, komwe udzu, masamba osweka, nthambi zowuma, zinyalala ndi zina zotero zimayikidwa. Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, kompositi yokhwima imapezeka, yomwe imakhala yogwirizana. Amwazikana pamwamba pa nthaka, kumene maluwa amakula, pamlingo wa zidebe zisanu kapena zisanu pa mamita khumi.

Manyowa omwe avunda chaka chonse mu dzenje kapena phokoso amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana.

Feteleza m'chilimwe

Pamene masamba ndi masamba a kakombo amapeza mphamvu zonse, ndipo maluwawo amavutitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu ndi mitundu yambirimbiri, wina wogulitsira magalimoto amathandiza kuti asunge izi zazikulu ndikuzisunga nthawi yaitali. Sili wochulukirapo ngati kasupe, koma imakhutsidwanso ndi zinthu zomwe zili zofunika pa thanzi la zomera.

Zomwe zimadyetsa nthawi ya maluwa

Nthawi zambiri nthawi ya chilimwe kudyetsa maluwa imabwera mu July. Zimasiyana ndi kasupe feteleza kuti m'chilimwe maluwa ayenera kudyetsedwa yekha ndi feteleza zamadzimadzi.

Kusankha feteleza yabwino kudyetsa chilimwe

Pakati pa maluwa, zotsatira zowonjezereka zimapezeka kuchokera ku feteleza ndi feteleza mchere.

Kugulidwa

Njira zowonjezereka zowonjezereka pachimake chobiriwira cha maluwa ndi double superphosphate ndi potaziyamu magnesium. Amathandizira kulimbitsa mtundu wobiriwira ndikupanga maluwa a maluwa kwambiri, makamaka ma pinki ndi ofiira owala. Kawirikawiri, supuni imodzi ndi hafu ya magnesiamu ya potaziyamu kapena supuni ziwiri za superphosphate zimadzipukutira mu chidebe cha madzi. Ndipo popeza superphosphate imakhala yosasungunuka bwino, madzi ayenera kuyamba kutenthedwa pang'ono.

Nthaŵi zina feteleza zovuta zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka chilimwe, monga amofos, nitroammophos ndi azophos. Supuni imodzi ndi hafu ya feteleza iyenera kusungunuka mu lita khumi za madzi.

Mukudziwa? Maluŵa amatha kukula mpaka masentimita 30 mpaka mamita 2.5 m'lifupi. Koma kukula kwa maluwa, kumera pachilumba cha Sumatra, kumatha kufika mamita 4.5. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, duwa limakula mpaka mamita awiri.

Folk

Chomera chotchuka kwambiri cha maluwa, chomwe chiri pafupi nthawi zonse, chifukwa chingatheke mwamsanga pa nthawi iliyonse, ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Kuonjezera apo, ndizo za mavalidwewa, pomwe maluwawo amavomereza bwino kwambiri. Phulusa lafalikira likufalikira pa nthaka pansi pa maluwa pa mlingo wa 100 g pa mita imodzi.

Onani zomwe zimabzala maluwa pakagwa.

Feteleza mu kugwa

Pambuyo pazomera, gawo lotsatira pa nyengo yake yokula limayambira, lomwe likukumana ndi mavuto atsopano. Kuchokera pazimenezi mumakhala zovala, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'dzinja.

N'chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira kuvala pamwamba pa autumn

Kugwa, mababu akukonzekera mwamsanga nyengo yozizira, kuti, pokhala atapeza zinthu zothandiza kwambiri mwa iwo okha ndi kupambana overwintering, nyengo yotsatira iwo amatha kubala zatsopano, masamba ndi maluwa. Ndipo feteleza ayenera kuthandiza mababu bwinobwino.

Maluwa otchuka kwambiri amakhalanso ndi tulipu, narcissus, gladiolus, autumn crocus, chipale chofewa.

Kusankha feteleza yoyenera

Chopambana kwambiri chimathandiza babu kuti akonzekere nyengo yozizira komanso kuti azipeza zakudya zambiri, phosphorous-feteleza feteleza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa asakane. Ndipo feteleza zokhazikika ngati mawonekedwe okhwima a manyowa kapena humus a manyowa, omwe amapezeka pansi ndi masentimita khumi, sangapulumutse ku chisanu, komanso amathandiza kwambiri nthaka kumapeto kwa nyengo.

Kugulidwa

Ntchito yoyamba ndi yoyambilira yophukira kukonzekera nyengo yozizira imachitika mwamsanga pakatha mapeto a maluwa ndi kuyamba kwa feteleza zovuta, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate. Supuni ya tiyi ya tizilombo tonse timaphatikizidwa mu malita asanu a madzi otentha, kenaka chitsamba chilichonse cha chomeracho chimathiriridwa ndi theka la lita imodzi yankho lotentha.

Ndikofunikira! M'dzinja, kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni feteleza sikungaloledwe.

Malamulo akuluakulu ogwiritsira ntchito feteleza mchere mufunika kuganiza kuti asadzawapange pambuyo pa masiku oyambirira a September, kuti asayambe kuwoneka ngati mphukira zazing'ono.

Ndibwino kuphunzira momwe mungasamalire maluwa mukatha maluwa komanso momwe mungakonzekere m'nyengo yozizira.

Folk

Manyowa oyesedwa ngati mawonekedwe a manyowa ndi manyowa omwe amavunda amatha kukhala m'dzinja monga gwero la zakudya zina zowonjezera zomera, m'nyengo yozizira - bulangeti ofunda a mababu, ndipo m'chaka - ndi wothandizira kwambiri.

Maluwa okongola kwambiri a kakombo omwe amatha kukongoletsa malo, mwatsoka, musamalize pachimake mofanana pa dziko lirilonse. Amafunika mankhwala ambiri kuti akhalebe okongola, omwe angathe kukwanira mothandizidwa ndi munthu. Ndipo alimi a maluwa apeza zida zankhondo zooneka ngati zovala pomenyera nkhondo kuti apange zinthu zabwino kwa okondedwa awo.