Momwe mungathere komanso chokoma mchere mkaka bowa mu njira yotentha

Mildew ndi amodzi mwa omwe akuimira kwambiri malo ozizira ndi a kumpoto. Nkhumba zomwe zimapezeka m'nkhalango zimakhala zachilendo, kotero mazana mazana a mafanizi a "kusaka mwakachetechete" amatumizidwa chaka chilichonse ku malo okhala m'nkhalango. Ndipo izi sizowopsa - mkaka wa mkaka umasiyana mosiyana kwambiri ndi kukoma kwake, ndipo kusonkhanitsa kwawo sikufuna zina zowonjezera. Komabe, atasonkhanitsa zokolola zambiri, ambiri amalephera kubzala m'nyengo yozizira. Ndicho chifukwa chake, lero tinaganiza zowonjezereka bwino ndi chogulitsa ichi chomwe timachikonda kwambiri cha olemba bowa, komanso ndi zizindikiro zazikulu za pickling yake.

Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji bowa?

Kukolola kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa bowa kumaphatikizapo magawo ambiri. Chilichonse chimayamba ngakhale panthawi yosonkhanitsa zomwe zimapezeka m'nkhalango: Panthawiyi, nkofunika kulongosola bwino bowa mkaka pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bowa, komanso kuti muwachotse pansi pa gawoli moyenera. Ndipo pambuyo pake kuyeretsa ndi kukonzekera kwa mankhwalawa kwa salting kumayambira.

Momwe mungasonkhanitsire

Kukolola kwa Gruzdy kumachitika nthawi yonse ya bowa. Zipatso zoyamba zikhoza kupezeka kumayambiriro kwa June, pambuyo pa mvula yochepa. Pa nthawiyi, mitengo yaing'ono ya moss imakhala yozungulira kwambiri ndi bowa, zomwe si zachilendo kupeza bowa. Koma nyengo yapamwamba imayamba nthawi ina.

Ndikofunikira! Musanayambe kukolola bowa, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, ngati zilibe mwayi wokumana ndi nyamakazi woopsa.

Mwachikhalidwe, kukolola kwa mankhwalawa kumayambira kumayambiriro kwa August ndipo kumathera mpaka kumapeto kwa September. Panthawi imeneyi, kumakhala kozizira kosalekeza, kuchepa pang'ono pokha pamakhala kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kufika 10-15 ° C, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa mphepo. Zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti boma likhale labwino kwambiri chifukwa cha kukula kwa bowa. Ndicho chifukwa chake kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira ku nkhalango nthawi zambiri mitsinje yambiri imapezeka:

• zonunkhira;

• mtsinje;

• anamva;

• oki;

• chikasu

• golide wachikasu;

• msana;

• bulawuni-bulauni;

• zenizeni;

• wamba;

• aspen;

• tsabola;

• fluffy

• imvi violet;

• papillary;

• wakuda

Nkhalango yamchere yokhala ndi zochepa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana (birch, aspen, thundu, etc.) imaona malo abwino kwambiri kwa anthu okhalamo. Pano iwo angapezeke ku nkhalango zing'onozing'ono, m'mapiri, m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso m'malo ena ozizira. Koma ngati simuli katswiri wa mycology, ndiye kuti simukuyenera kupita kumapiri otsetsereka kapena kudera la nkhalango, chifukwa mungathe kukumana ndi bowa pamphepete kapena m'nkhalango yaying'ono.

Onani tsatanetsatane wa mitundu ya bowa.

Nkhokwe zimakololedwa m'mawa, dzuwa lisanatuluke. Panthawiyi, malo abwino kwambiri oyendetsera malowa ndi opangidwa, chifukwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kumathandiza kwambiri kuti zidziwike pakati pa zinyalala za m'nkhalango. Kuwonjezera apo, mame a mmawa amapanga kuwala kowala kwambiri pamapiko awo, zomwe zimangowonjezera mosiyana ndi bowa zomwe zimatsutsana ndi chiyambi cha nkhalango. Chikhalidwe chachikulu cha "kusaka" kwa oimira a mtundu wa Mlechnik - "Ndinapeza imodzi, yang'anani pafupi ndi ena onse", chifukwa bowawa amadziwika ndi kugawa gulu m'mabanja ang'onoang'ono.

Nkhumba zazing'ono za ku Georgiya zokha ndizoyenera kusonkhanitsa, monga mamembala okhwima a mtundu wa Mlechnik akukweza zowawa zamtundu uliwonse m'matumbo awo, zomwe zimasokoneza maonekedwe awo. Aliyense atenga zojambulazo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa: bowa wokhala ndipamwamba kwambiri adzakhala ndi zowonongeka komanso minofu, komanso amatha kuyima mwamphamvu pamene akulimbikitsidwa. Ma bowa amatha kuonongeka mochuluka kuti athetsedwe pamtunda, monga kuyeretsa kwa zitsanzo zoterezi sizingakonzedwe.

Ndikofunikira! Bowa lirilonse liyenera kuyesedwa kuti likhalepo ndi msuzi waung'ono pa mwendo. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha madontho awiri a mvula - anthu owopsa kwambiri m'banja la Mukhomorovye.

Ngakhale zili choncho, bowa sayenera kudula ndi mpeni. Pachifukwa ichi, timagulu ting'onoting'ono timakhalabe panthaka, yomwe posachedwa imavunda. Zotsatira zake zomaliza, zimawononga kwambiri mycelium (mycelium). Bowa wamkaka ayenera kuchotsedwa m'nthaka popanda manja, ndi kuyenda kosasunthika. Pankhaniyi, n'zotheka kuthetseratu zonsezi, zomwe zimathandiza mycelium kuti ipeze nthawi yayitali. Pofuna kusonkhanitsa, amagwiritsa ntchito chidebe chokwanira komanso chosavuta, koma mwachizolowezi, dengu lamagetsi limagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa mbewu. Pambuyo podzaza matanki, bowa amatsanulira mu chidebe chachikulu chomwe amachokera. Kuphika bowa kumayambira mwamsanga, maola angapo mutatha kusonkhanitsa moorie. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti maonekedwe awo ali ndi madzi ochulukirapo, omwe amachititsa kuwonongeka kwawo mofulumira komanso kumdima.

Tikupempha kuti tiphunzire za njira zokolola madontho ozizira m'nyengo yozizira.

Momwe mungatsukitsire

Ndondomeko yoyeretsa mbewu ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi chithandizo cha bowa zina. Kusamba kwakukulu kumachitika pamalo. Kuti tichite izi, mbeuyo iyenera kuchotsedwa kuchoka ku nthaka yambiri, komanso zinyalala zamatabwa ndi zinyalala ndi burashi yaying'ono kapena khitchini. Koma ngati palibe nthawi, njirayi ikhoza kuchitidwa atachoka m'nkhalango. Pambuyo poyambitsa zowonongeka kwakukulu, kuyeretsedwa kwapadera kwa bowa kumatsatira. Lili ndi magawo angapo:

1. Choyamba, ndi bowa lililonse muyenera kuchotsa khungu loyera lomwe lili ndi zinthu zambiri zowononga. Opaleshoniyo iyenera kuchitidwa bwino, popanda kutuluka mwadzidzidzi - mwinamwake zingatheke kuwononga thupi losakhwima. Kuchotsa khungu kumayamba pansi pa tsinde, kusuntha kutsogolo kwa kapu. Chipewacho chikuyeretsedwa kumapeto, kuchotsa madera ang'onoang'ono kuchokera pamphepete mpaka pakati.
2. Pambuyo kuchotsa khungu, pitirizani kudulira zotsalira za mycelium. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mpeni kuti muchepetse pansi, mofanana ndi kapu.
3. Gawo lotsiriza la kuyeretsa kwathunthu ndi kudula mitundu yonse ya mawanga ndi malo ovunda. Opaleshoniyi imachitika mosamala ndi kampeni kakang'ono ka khitchini. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuchotsa mthupi lonse, mwinamwake mbale kuchokera mu bowa ikhoza kukhala ndi kukoma kosangalatsa ndi fungo.

Mukudziwa? Bowa ndi imodzi mwa zakudya zakale zomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito. Iwo anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama ndi Aigupto akale pafupi zaka zikwi zisanu zapitazo.

Kusamba bwanji

Pambuyo kudulira, pitirizani kutsuka bwinobwino. Kuchita ndondomeko yomwe ili pansi pamadzi, pamene mukuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa nyamakazi ya bowa: gawo ili la thupi la chipatso makamaka limayambitsa zowononga zosiyanasiyana, pakati pa mchenga ndi zinyalala zina zomwe zimapezeka nthawi zambiri. Choncho, pofuna kuthetseratu zonsezi kuchokera pamwamba pa mbale, m'pofunika kuti muzimutsuka bwino nthawi ziwiri pansi pa mtsinje waukulu wa madzi. Madzi ozizira okha amagwiritsidwa ntchito, popeza kutentha kwapamwamba kumakhudzanso kutaya kwa minofu, yomwe idzakhudza ubwino wa mbale zamtsogolo.

Phunzirani momwe mungayendetsere zokometsera mkaka zokoma.

Kenaka, bowa ayenera kuthiridwa mu madzi oyera ndi ozizira. Njira yosavuta komanso yowonjezereka idzapangitsa kuchotsa ukali wosasangalatsa kuchokera kumatenda, omwe ndi zotsatira za chikhalidwe cha thupi pa kukula ndi kukula kwa bowa. Kutentha kumachitika kwa maola 4-8, kuchotsa madzi nthawi 1 pa ora.

Njira ya salting gruzdey yotentha

Kusuta kokoma ndi imodzi mwa njira zomwe zimakhala zosungira mkaka kwa nthawi yaitali yosungirako. Njira yokonzekera mankhwalawa imathandiza kuti mukhale ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zothandiza komanso mavitamini, komanso mupereke bowa wobiriwira ndi kukoma kokongola. Koma si ambiri omwe amatha kusungiramo bowa za mkaka m'nyengo yozizira, choncho, tidzakambirana zapadera zomwe zimachitika, ndikuwonetsanso zinsinsi zazikulu za salting ya bowa ndi njira yotentha.

Zosakaniza zomwe mukusowa

Pokolola mkaka wa mkaka m'njira yotentha (1 lita imodzi ya pickles) tidzasowa:

• madzi oyera - 3-4 malita;
• mchere - 4 tbsp. makuni;
• tsabola wakuda - nandolo 20-30;
• allspice - 10 nandolo;
• Zolemba - ma PC 1-3. (kulawa)
• tsamba la Bay - 2-4 masamba;
• masamba owuma a currant kapena chitumbuwa - 2-4;
• adyo - 2-3 cloves;
• Horseradish mizu - 1 pc. (kukula pakati);
• mafuta okwana mpendadzuwa - 300 ml;
• mkaka bowa - 0,5-1 makilogalamu.

Mukudziwa? Padzikoli pali zotchedwa "bowa wamoyo", zomwe zimatha kuyenda. Izi zikuphatikizapo ena oimira Slyazevik amene, pofunafuna chakudya, amatha kusuntha pa liwiro la mamitamita imodzi pamphindi.

• phula la enamel kapena chidebe chopanda chosapanga;
• supuni kapena kakhitchini spatula yosakaniza mankhwala;
• pulasitiki (1-2 cm yaing'ono kuposa kukula kwa poto);
• mtsuko wodzaza ndi madzi (monga katundu).

Konzani tanki zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri

Kuphika bowa

Bowa zowonongeka ndi zotsuka nthawi zonse zophika musanayambe pickling. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito enamelware iliyonse m'nyumba kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Amachititsa kuti zitheke kugwiritsidwa ntchito mofananamo ndi mankhwala otentha, komanso chifukwa cha chophimba chodalirika komanso chopanda kanthu, kuti asatenge mbale ndi zinthu zina zovulaza.

Phunzirani za katundu wopindulitsa ndi wovulaza wa salimoni.

Zigawo zazikuluzikuluzi:

1. Madzi oyenerera amawathira mu poto yoyera (malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa bowa), ndiyeno amabweretsedwa ku chithupsa. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, madzi ayenera kupereka mowonjezereka pamtunda wa poto, mwinamwake mungathe kupeza mchere wochuluka wa mowa.
2. Mu madzi otentha pa mlingo wa lita imodzi muyenera kuika 1-2 tbsp. supuni ya mchere, ndiyeno onjezerani bowa.
3. Kutentha kumapangidwira kwa mphindi 10-15, pambuyo pake bowa mkaka amatayidwa mu colander ndi kutsukidwa bwinobwino pansi pa madzi.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati nthendayi imakhala yochepa kwambiri, imayenera kudulidwa kuti ikhale yofanana - kuti tisiyanitse tsinde ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, dulani kapu muzidutswa zingapo. Izi zimapatsa mankhwalawa kuyang'ana kokongola kwambiri..

Kuphika kuphika

Tikaphika chigawo chachikulu cha pickles, mukhoza kupitiriza kuphika marinade. Kuti muchite izi, tsanulirani madzi okwanira m'thumba ndipo mubweretse kwa chithupsa, mutatha madzi okwanira 1-2 malita ayenera kusungunuka mu 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha. supuni ya mchere, kenaka wonjezerani zonunkhira zonse zowonongeka ndi 1 lita imodzi ya mankhwala kuchokera pamwambapa mndandanda (bay leaf, currant masamba kapena chitumbuwa, nandolo, allspice, cloves). Pambuyo pa chithupsa chachifupi (2-3 mphindi), marinade ndi yokonzekera salting. Pankhaniyi, sayenera kuchotsedwa kutenthedwa, popeza kutentha kwa salting kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi otentha marinade.

Chophikira chophikira chokoma

Kuyamba salting yotentha, bowa zisanayambe zimayikidwa mu mchere wotentha, momwe iwo amakonzekera pa kutentha kwapakati kwa mphindi 10-15. Njira yonse yothandizira kutentha kwa mankhwalayo sayenera kupitirira 25-30 mphindi.

Pambuyo otentha, bowa amachotsedwa ku kutentha, kenaka cloves ya adyo ndi mizu ya horseradish imaphatikizidwa ku brine. Pambuyo pake, zomwe zili mkati zimakwanira mbale, yomwe imayika mtsuko wa lita (kuponderezedwa).

Zimangowonjezera mofatsa mpaka pansi pa mphika kuti azilowetsa m'matope otentha, kotero kuti misa yake iyenera kusinthidwa, mwinamwake izi zidzatsogolera ku bowa.

Mwinamwake mudzakhala ndi chidwi chophunzira momwe mungakonzekere bowa la porcini, boletus, ndi bowa m'nyengo yozizira.

Pambuyo pakeyi ndi zomwe zili mkati mwake zakhala zitakhazikika pansi, popanda kuchotsa kuponderezedwa, ziyenera kusunthira kumalo ozizira, zotetezedwa ku malo a dzuwa kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Kungakhale chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena khonde, koma ngati palibe, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito firiji nthawi zonse. Patangopita sabata, bowa mkaka umakhala woyenera kutsogolo kwa salting. Amachotsedwa ku mchere, kenako amatumizidwa ku mitsuko ya galasi yotsukidwa ndi yowuma ndipo imatsanuliridwa ndi msuzi womwewo womwe unamangidwa patsogolo pake, kenako umaphimbidwa ndi zipewa zapulasitiki zoyera.

Dzidziwitse nokha momwe mungayamire zitini kunyumba.

Zomwe zili muzitini siziyenera kukhudzana ndi mpweya waulere, choncho mafuta odzola mpendadzuwa ayenera kutsanulidwa pa bowa. Apo ayi, kukoma kwa chinthu chomaliza chidzachepetsedwa kwambiri. Komanso salting imatenga masiku 30-40 mufiriji. Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa mwakonzeka kuti mugwiritsire ntchito monga mbale yaikulu kapena kuphatikizapo zinthu zina mu saladi, soups ndi mbale zina.

Mukudziwa? Zamoyo ndi zokhazokha padziko lapansili zomwe zimakhala pakati pa nyama ndi zomera. Mofanana ndi zomera, zimayendetsa moyo wathanzi, zimatenga zinthu zofunikira kuchokera kunthaka, komabe, monga zinyama, zimapanga urea ngati chinthu chimodzi chotsirizira cha mankhwala.

Kusungirako zosamveka

Ma salt amapezeka m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, furiji kapena khonde. Muzochitika zoterezi, kutentha kwa pafupifupi 5 ° C, zizindikirozi zimatha kusungidwa, popanda kutaya khalidwe lawo ndi kukoma, mpaka miyezi 6. Pankhani yopulumutsa pickles kutentha, ayenera kudyedwa pa miyezi itatu yotsatira.

Mwamwayi, masiku ano bowa za mkaka sizinthu zopanda ntchito, kotero anthu ambiri samangotumiza kudengu lawo. Koma ngakhale izi, bowawo inatha kugonjetsa ambiri osankha bowa wam'nyumba ndi kukoma kosavuta ndi kolemera. Masiku ano pali maphikidwe ambiri a salting saumuna, koma imodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri ndiyo njira yotentha. Zimathandiza kuti kusunga bowa kusungidwe kufikira chaka chamawa, komanso kumasintha munthu wokhala m'nkhalango kuti akhale chakudya chabwino kwambiri.

Video: Kodi mwamsanga ndi chokoma mchere otentha bowa