Nkhuku zoyera zotchedwa Dutch zimakongola osati zokongoletsa zawo zokha, komanso zokolola zawo. Alimi ambiri amadziwa kuti dzira lapamwamba limapangidwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya nyama. Kodi ndi zowopsa ndi zovuta za mbalame yotani, zomwe zimayenera kuti zikhale zotsekeredwa m'ndende - tidzakambirana za izi mtsogolomu.
Chiyambi
Kuwoneka kwa nkhuku zakuda ndi kunyezimira kwa ntchentche ndi nyemba yamtundu wapadera pamutu kumakhala kozikika m'maganizo a alimi a nkhuku kuti n'zovuta kuzilingalira ngati chinthu china. Ndipotu, kumayambiriro kwa chiyambi, mtundu uwu unkawoneka ndi maula ake wakuda kapena a mdima wofiira ndi zofiira zosawerengeka. Kutchulidwa koyambirira kwa izo kunayambira zaka za XV. Ndiye abambo a ku Dutch anaika patsogolo kwambiri kukolola kwa zinyama. Choncho, kukhalapo kwa "tsitsi" lakuda pa mitu ya nkhuku sikungaganizidwe.
Mukudziwa? Poyambitsa mitundu yozizwitsa ya nkhuku, oimira Indonesian Ayam Cemani adalandira ulemu. Iwo amasiyana kwambiri ndi nthenga zakuda, zikho, khungu ndi chiphuphu. Ngakhalenso nyama ndi ziwalo zamkati za mbalame zoyambirira ndi zakuda. Mwa njira, mtundu uwu sumawalira pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha. Ambiri amakhulupilira kuti mbalame zakuda zimabweretsa mbuye wawo zamuyaya, choncho amalipira $ 5,000 kwa anthu awiri.
Makolo achikulire a masiku ano a Dutch white-omwe anawongolera kwathunthu anali ofanana ndi ntchito yomwe anapatsidwa kwa iwo. Kwa zaka zambiri akhala akudalira nyama ndi mazira. Koma pasanapite nthawi, abambowa adasankha kukonza milandu yawo, ndikuwathandiza kuti asamangidwe. 
Tsopano adayang'anizana ndi ntchito yosintha maonekedwe a nkhuku, posunga mazira ndi nyama. Kuti apitirize kudutsa, zitsanzo za Polish Crested Breed zinasankhidwa. Malingana ndi oyesera, anawo amafunika kusiyanitsa mtunduwo ndi kukongola kwake ndi kukolola kwake. Koma ziyembekezo zomwe zidakonzedwa ndi fiasco: mbadwo wachinyamatayu unali ndi zizindikiro zoonekera za kunja ndipo sizinakondweretse odyetserako ndi mazira ndi nyama.
Mukudziwa? Nkhuku yokoma kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi mtundu wa French Bress Gali (La Bresse Gauloise). Amadziwika kuti kuyambira 1957 iye yekha ndiye mwini wa khalidwe la AOC. Chifukwa cha mbalameyi, chaka chilichonse m'dzikoli amapanga nkhuku yokongola kwambiri, komwe alimi ali ndi mwayi wopikisana ndi nyama yabwino. Kupambana mpikisano umenewu ndiwotchuka kwambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, wopanga aliyense amalimbikitsidwa ndi mphoto ya ndalama za zikwi khumi za euro.
Mukayerekezera oyambirira ndi omwe akuyimira a mtunduwu, kuchepa kwa zokolola ndi zoonekeratu. Komabe, izi sizinalepheretse nkhuku za Dutch kuti zikhale zosangalatsa kwa obereketsa ambiri. Ena adagula mbalame zokongola kuti zisangalatse maso, ena kuti apereke mabanja awo ndi zinthu zawo. Kuwonjezera apo, mbiriyi inaphatikizapo zenizeni pamene zofiira zoyera zimalemekezedwa monga chizindikiro cha kupambana, chifukwa eni eni eni okha ndiwo anakongoletsa mabwalo. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, akatswiri ambiri ojambula zithunzi anatenga nkhuku zachilendo pamagulu awo. 
Zizindikiro za kunja
Nyerere zamakono zoyera za ku Netherlands zimadziwika ngati nkhuku zokongoletsera. Kuwonekera kwake kosaoneka ndi kovuta kukuzindikiritsa ndi zizindikiro zambiri, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndi zomwe zimakhala zakuda ndi zakuda. Tiyeni tione makhalidwe a kunja.
Werengani za dzira yabwino ndi nkhuku zokongola za nkhuku.
Mtundu
Monga lamulo, zinyama zowonjezera ndi zigawo zili ndi mdima wandiweyani wakuda. Ikuphimba thupi lonse kwathunthu, kufika ku tchire loyera kwambiri. Nthenga zowonongeka zakhazikika m'menemo, zomwe zimapangitsa mbalame kukhala yokopa kwambiri. Nthenga zam'mbuyo zimagwa pambali zonse za nkhuku mutu, ndipo zimapanga chidwi cha akatswiri ojambula. Komanso, iwo ali pamtendere ndi "zokongoletsera" zapamwambazi zimapanga njira yeniyeni, kupanga pansi pa mlomo chinachake ngati butterfly. Ndi chifukwa ichi kuti ndizozoloŵera kudziwa kuti mtunduwu ndi wangwiro. 
Kuwonjezera pa mwambo woyera wakuda Dutch woyera ndi woyera, m'dziko lapansi kawirikawiri amaimira oyera ndi mitundu yoyera. Zindikirani kuti zochitika zoterezi ndizosawerengeka.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mutakumana ndi mizere yosiyana siyana ya Dutch, chonde dziwani kuti: mzere wamtunduwu sungalole kuti chikasu chikhale chokwera pa azungu ndi azungu pa nkhuku zakuda. Zakale zimasiyana kwambiri ndi zoyera zoyera, pamene zitsambazo zili pafupi ndi zitsulo zamitengo kapena bluish-slate.
Mutu
Mwa akazi ndi amuna, gawo ili likusiyana ndi kukula kwake kakang'ono, mphuno yotchuka, ndi mbiri yabwino yofiirira. Iwo alibe nthenda iliyonse ndi chisa.
Koma khalidwe lowala kwambiri ndi lodziwika bwino la mutu lingathe kutengedwa moyenera ngati lozungulira lalikulu kwambiri. Ngati kapu ya nthenga ili yaying'ono kapena yosiyana ndi muyeso mu mitundu ina, mbalame yotereyo silingayambidwe kuti ikhale yoyamba. Ndipo, mosiyana ndi zowonongeka, chilengedwe sichimayambitsa zowonongeka kwa nkhuku. Maso awo ofiira a bulauni amaonekera bwino kuchokera pansi pa nthenga. 
Pamutu pamaso pang'onopang'ono kwambiri "makutu", omwe amadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu mu malo. Ndalamayi imadziwika ndi maonekedwe ena monga achibale ena, ndipo mtundu wake umagwirizana ndendomeko ya maulendo akuluakulu. Zovala zamkati ndi zazing'ono ndi zoyera.
Mwinamwake mudzakhala ndi chidwi kuti mudziwe za ena omwe akuimira nkhuku zakuda za nkhuku.
Torso
Crested "Dutch" amadziwikanso chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwa matupi awo. Amadziwika ndi mimba yabwino komanso thupi lokhazikitsidwa. Choncho, chifuwa chimakhala ndi kachilombo kakang'ono. Kuchokera patali, thupi la mbalame yotero limafanana ndi mawonekedwe a trapezoid ndi nthenga yaikulu. Zigawo zimakhala zolemera makilogalamu 1,7-2, ndipo mabowo amalemera makilogalamu oposa 2.5.
Ng'ombe zimakhala ndi miyendo yopyapyala ndi miyendo yofiira ya mausankhulidwe. Kusamala kwakukulu kuyenera kulipidwa kwa mchira, womwe ungathenso kuonedwa ngati chokongoletsa cha mtunduwo. Amadziwika ndi nthenga zowonongeka, zoperewera, komanso chisomo.
Mukudziwa? Kawirikawiri amadziŵika ngati nkhuku zowonongeka. Ndipo anthu ochepa amadziwa kuti pakati pawo pali zimphona zenizeni. Chimodzi mwa izi ndi mitundu ya Australia ya Uightsulli. Oimira ake amalemera makilogalamu 10 ndipo amasiyanitsa bokosi 60-70 cm.
Chilengedwe cha nkhuku
Kuphatikiza pa zokongola zakunja, mbalame za Dutch zili ndi khalidwe lapadera. Kawirikawiri m'bwalo mukhoza kuona woimira mtundu umenewu akupumula mwakachetechete. 
Ndipo onse chifukwa amadziwika ndi zotsatirazi:
- kupitilira mofulumira komanso kumangoyamba;
- ntchito yowonjezereka ndi kusakanikirana;
- mantha owonjezeka komanso kukhudzidwa;
- malingaliro owawa a kusintha kwa malo odziwika ndi mwiniwake;
- kukhala wokoma mtima kwa anthu ena okhala pabwalo;
- kusonkhanitsa pamodzi;
- Kuwongolera kwa anthu osawadziwitsa omwe amaopseza amayi awo.
Kukonzekera
Ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zamakono za mtunduwu zakhala zikuchepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zoyambirirazo, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti nkhumba za ku Dutch zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndizitsitsimutso zimakhala zoyenera kutsutsana ndi achibale ena ndi nkhuku. Nazi mfundo zomwe zikufotokoza izi:
| Dutch Crested zokolola | ||
| Kulemera kwa mbalame ya mbalame | Kupanga mazira apachaka | Kulemera kwa mazira |
| Amuna: 1.7-2 makilogalamu; Amuna: mpaka makilogalamu 2.5. | Zidutswa 140 - chaka choyamba; Zidutswa 100 - m'tsogolomu. | 40-50 g |
Simungathe kukhazikitsa nkhuku zoyera za Dutch ndi mitundu ina. Izi zimachokera ku matenda opatsirana, matenda osiyana, komanso mawonekedwe okongola a mbalame. Chowonadi n'chakuti zolengedwa izi zimasiyanitsa bwino kusiyana kwawo ndi phukusi lopangidwira, zomwe zingayambitse mikangano nthawi zambiri.Fufuzani chifukwa chake nkhuku sizikufulumira, momwe mungachulukitsire zokolola za nkhuku m'nyengo yozizira komanso kuti mavitamini nkhuku amafunika kuyika mazira.
Kudyetsa
Kuwongolera ndi kukonza mbalamezi zinali zovuta kwambiri, choncho alimi a nkhuku kuyambira masiku oyambirira a chiwonetsero cha firimu ayenera kukhala okonzekera mavuto. Kusamala kwambiri kumafunika kulipira chakudya cha nkhuku, chifukwa Dutch white-crested ali ndi vuto lopweteka kwambiri. Komanso, mbali imeneyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mbadwo wachinyamata komanso okhwima.
Pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zoyenera kwa madiba amphasa, akatswiri amalangiza kuti:
- Dyetsani nkhuku ndi chakudya chonyowa osachepera 1 nthawi patsiku.
- Kudya nkhuku zosankhidwa bwino, 70 peresenti ya zonsezi ziyenera kugwera pambewu, chifukwa ndizo zimayambitsa zowonjezera. Pachifukwa ichi, kusakaniza tirigu, chimanga, balere, rye, oats, ndi nyemba zidzayenera kuthandizira kupanga dzira.
- Ma ward wambiri amakhala osiyana ndi maonekedwe abwino, komanso mawonekedwe amphamvu a chitetezo cha m'thupi, ndi zofunika kuwonjezera mafuta a nyama ndi masamba.
- Kudya nkhuku za tsiku ndi tsiku pafupifupi 30 peresenti yazomwe zikuyenera kukhala masamba ndi mizu. Angaperekedwe mu mawonekedwe opaka, owiritsa kapena monga nyemba.
- Zosasangalatsa zidzakhala mafuta a nsomba, fupa la fupa, mbewu za fulakesi, choko, zowonjezera mavitamini. Zigawozi zimathandiza kuti nkhuku zikhale zovuta poyerekeza ndi malamulo omwe akupanga.
- M'nyengo yozizira ndi nthawi yachisanu nkhuku ndi nkhuku akulu amasonyezedwa ofunda, koma osati chakudya chowotcha ndi kuwonjezera kwa udzu wouma. Kuonjezera apo, zigawo ziyenera kuwonjezeka, ndipo pakubwera kwa kasupe, gulu likhoza kumasulidwa podyetsa.
Ndikofunikira! Kotero nkhuku sizikhala ndi mphutsi, ziweto zimalangiza, kuti zisawonongeke, mwezi uliwonse kwa masiku atatu, ma ward a mibadwo yosiyana ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi mazira atsopano a chamomile ndi sorelo.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
Mavuto olakwika a "Dutch" angayese nkhanza ndi ziweto zonse ndikuyendetsa mwiniwakeyo. Choncho, mutasankha kupeza mbalame yapachiyambi, funsani zambiri momwe zingathere pazofunikira zake. 
Mfundo yaikulu pa zomwe zili m'gulu ili ndi:
- Ufulu wambiri ndi malo opanda malire. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ma ward sangathe kukula mokwanira mu selo. Kwa iwo, zikhalidwe za gawo lotsekedwa sizivomerezeka. Momwemo, pasadakhale muyenera kusamalira nkhuku yaikulu ya nkhuku ndi yaikulu aviary kuti mu malo omwe muli malo osachepera mita imodzi ayenera kugwera pa munthu aliyense. Malo otonthoza komanso omveka, mbale zodyera, odyetsa komanso kupalka amakhalabe ndi ziyeneretso za mnyumbamo.
Phunzirani momwe mungapangidwire nkhuku, komanso kudyetsa mapaipi a pulasitiki ndi manja anu.
- Kutentha konse. Chidziwikiritso cha mtunduwu chimakhala chifukwa chosalolera kutentha. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuzizira ndi chisanu. Choncho, pofuna kulimbikitsidwa ndi zolengedwa zamoyo, mumayenera kukonzekera kutentha kwa nyumba ya nkhuku. Ndikofunika kuti m'nyengo yozizira mu nkhuku kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa 15-20 digiri Celsius. Onani kuti kuyenda m'nyengo yozizira ya Dutch white-crested kumatsutsana. Izi ndi zoyenera kulingalira ngati simukufuna mu mphindi imodzi kuti mutaya gulu lonse.
- Kusamba tsiku ndi tsiku komanso mpweya wokwanira m'chipinda. Chofunikira ichi pakukonza nkhuku chifukwa cha makhalidwe awo okongoletsera ndipo nthawi zonse amakhala m'nyumba ya nkhuku m'nyengo yozizira. Ndizomveka kuonetsetsa kuti m'nyumbayo imakhala yosungira 55 mpaka 70%.
Ambiri okhala ndi "Dutch" okongoletsedwa amakonda kukongoletsa "tsitsi" la mawadi awo. Zikuwoneka kuti nthenga zazing'onoting'ono zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti nkhuku zisamalire. Ndicho chifukwa chake ali ndi vuto pamene alimi amatha kubereka. Malinga ndi akatswiri, njira zoterezi ndizosafunika kusamalira zosayenera. Musasokoneze njira zachirengedwe. Nkhuku za mtundu uwu sizikufuna kudzikongoletsa.
Mukudziwa? Zozizira kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi oimira a Fen-Huang azungu (Onagadori) achi China. Panthawi ina iwo anali zizindikiro za ufumuwo ndi nzeru za umunthu. Zimakhulupirira kuti eni eni a miyendo khumi amatha kubweretsa mwayi mwa kufunafuna choonadi komanso ngakhale chuma.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Monga nyama iliyonse, nthenga za Dutch white-crested m'zinthu zake zili ndi makhalidwe abwino ndi oipa. Tiye tione zomwe zilipo.
Ubwino wa mtunduwu ndi:
- maonekedwe osayenerera ndi makhalidwe okongola kwambiri;
- kupanga mazira;
- zizindikiro zokhutiritsa nyama.
Zowononga zake ndizo:
- zoipa za khalidwe;
- matenda otetezeka ndi chizoloŵezi cha matenda osiyanasiyana a nkhuku (kawirikawiri matenda akuluakulu a chiwerengero amafa);
- zofuna za moyo ndi zakudya;
- kupulumuka kwa achinyamata, ngakhale ndi malamulo onse ndi ndondomeko.
Wokongola, wokongola, komanso wokwiya kwambiri - nkhuku zoyera ndi zoyera za Dutch zakhala zotero. Inde, kukhala mu bwalo lanu, iwo adzakondweretsa kuoneka. Koma ndi nthawi yaitali bwanji yomwe sidzakhalapo pa inu, komanso pazifukwa zambiri za mbalame.
Video: nkhuku yoyera ya Dutch
Ndemanga
