Pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ya kalulu, obereketsa amatha kuyamikira kwambiri Silver. Oimira a mtundu uwu samasokonezedwa ndi mitundu ina iliyonse. Kalulu ndi wotchuka kwambiri pa kuswana kwapulazi chifukwa chovala chovala chofiira cha siliva ndi zakudya zabwino za nyama.
Tsatanetsatane wamabambo
Poyamba, ganizirani mbiri ya chiyambi cha mtunduwu ndi zolemba zake. 
Mbiri yopondereza
Mitundu ya siliva inalengedwa ku Ukraine (m'dera la Poltava), yomwe idalumikizidwa ndi njira yoyera yopangira Champagne (yochokera ku chigawo cha France cha Champagne). Ntchito yosankhidwa nthawi yaitali (pafupifupi zaka 25) inachitika motsogoleredwa ndi akatswiri a ziweto A. I. ndi I. I. Kaplevskikh. Mwalamulo, mtunduwu unalembedwa mu 1952.
Maonekedwe ndi magawo
Silver "Poltava" ya Champagne ili ndi mtundu wa siliva wodetsedwa pang'ono. Ma specimens ali ndi makutu ambiri komanso thupi lokhala ndi thupi. Tiloleni tidziwe mwatsatanetsatane pazigawo za kunja kwa mtunduwu:
- akalulu ali ndi zipatso zakupha (58-60%); kulemera kwa akuluakulu kumafika mapaundi asanu;
- thupi silikhala lalitali kwambiri, thupi lalitali la anthu okalamba ndi 57 cm (limatha kusiyana ndi mamita 59 mpaka 64);
- akalulu aang'ono ali ochuluka, ana asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi (6-8) amabweretsedwa kuzungulira dera;
- thupi liri ndi ubweya wandiweyani, kutalika kwa tsitsi liri pafupi 2.5 cm;
- ubweya wa ubweya ndi wochuluka, wonyezimira; mthunzi wa siliva (kuchokera ku kuwala kupita ku mdima wakuda wa siliva), pamene chovala, mphuno, makutu, mbali zina za paws ndi mchira ziri ndi mtundu wakuda;
- nyama imayima pa miyendo yolimba ya kutalika kwake, miyendo yake yakutsogolo ili lonse;
- mchira wowongoka, woumba, wopanda nsonga;
- Chifuwa ndi chachikulu, nthawi zina ndi pang'ono; pafupifupi chest girth - 36 masentimita (amatha kusiyana ndi masentimita 34 mpaka 37);
- kumbuyo kuli pafupi molunjika;
- khosi ndi lalifupi;
- mutu wa anthuwo ndi wawung'ono, wopapatiza mpaka pamphuno;
- maso akuda kwambiri, amatsindika;
- makutu amatalika, osati ochepa thupi, ozungulira pang'ono.
Mukudziwa? Kumanga chisa kwa ana amtsogolo, kalulu akung'amba ubweya wake pachifuwa chake.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Ambiri mwa obereketsa amasiya maganizo abwino pa mtundu uwu. Mphamvu za mtundu wa silvery ndi:
- kutentha kwakukulu, komanso kukoma kwabwino ndi zakudya za nyama;
- kulemera kwa thupi;
- ubweya wambiri (wandiweyani ndi wandiweyani);
- kudya mosadzichepetsa komanso kukana chisanu;
- makhalidwe abwino obereka.
Zopindulitsa ndi zoipa za siliva ya Soviet ndizobwino. Simungapeze mtunduwu zolakwika zazikulu, chifukwa simungathe kuzikwanitsa. Alimi onse adavomereza kuti zovuta za mitundu iyi ndizosafunika kwenikweni ndipo zimadziwonetsera zokhazokha:- Kusamalidwa bwino kuti kutentha (mu nyengo yotentha, zizindikiro zabwino za mtunduwu zimachepetsedwa kwambiri - zimakula kwambiri ndipo zimapangitsa ubweya wotsika wabwino);
- Kulephera kutseka akalulu (potsekedwa kuti chiwerengero cha kuswana kwambiri chikuchepa).
Chofunika kuyang'ana pamene mukugula akalulu
Ndi bwino kugula osati mu sitolo yamagulu kapena pamsika, koma kumalo odyetserako ziweto kapena kwa woweta amene mumamukhulupirira. Sankhani nyama ya miyezi itatu kapena 4. Tsatirani khalidwe la zinyenyeswazi, sayenera kukhala wamanyazi. Nyama iyenera kukhala yonyamula, yodziwa. Chikhalidwe cha mitundu yomwe ili mu funso ndi yabwino. Ngati rodent akulira kapena amachita zoipa - ndiye adasungidwa m'mavuto osayenera.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi bwino kuti musagule kalulu panthawi ya molting, kotero mutha kusokoneza nyama yathanzi ndi wodwalayo.
Thupi la munthu wathanzi liyenera kukhala lamphamvu, minofu ndi zotanuka kumapeto. Chovala cha kalulu wathanzi chiyenera kukhala choyera, chophweka, chosalala, opanda mawanga. Pangakhalenso kusemphana ndi zilonda zong'ambika; payenera kukhala zisindikizo pamimba. Kumbuyo kuli kutalika, osati kusokoneza. Zilonda zakumbuyo siziyenera kupezeka. Yang'anirani mosamala nkhope ya ndodoyo. 
Maso a nyamayo ayenera kukhala ofiira. Mtundu wosiyana umasonyeza kusakanizirana kwa subspecies. Komanso, maso ayenera kukhala owala, oyera. Makutu a munthu wathanzi ali ngakhale, oyera, oyera mkati. Mphuno ziyenera kukhala zonyamula, zoyera, popanda kutuluka. Komanso pamene kugula ndikofunika kumvetsera mtundu wa zikhadabo, ziyenera kukhala mdima.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
Omwe amadziŵa zambiri amavomereza kupirira kwa mtundu waukuluwu. Nyama izi ndizosamalidwa mosamala ndipo sachita mantha ndi chisanu.
Werengani za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama ya akalulu monga: Soviet chinchilla, chimphona choyera, kalulu wa buluu wa Viennese, Hiccol kalulu, Kalulu wa Rex, Butterfly, kalulu wa California, Flandre ndi New Zealand kalulu.
Kusankhidwa ndi makonzedwe a maselo
Popeza siliva ya Soviet isasinthidwe kuti ikhale yosungirako zikondwerero za kalulu, yokhala ndi ndondomeko zamanyano iwiri ndi yabwino kwa mtundu uwu. Mu selo ili sayenera kuchepetsedwa. Omwe amadziŵa bwino ntchitoyi akulangiza kuti ndizomwe zili mumsewu wa mtundu uwu, popeza zikhalidwezi zimachulukitsa chitetezo cha nyama. 
Kutalika kwa selo limodzi kuyenera kukhala osachepera mita imodzi. Zida zabwino kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito maselo okhetsedwa ndi nkhuni kapena poyera polycarbonate.
Ndikofunikira! Popeza chitsulo chimatenthedwa ndi dzuwa, sichiri chovomerezeka kuti tigwiritse ntchito mfundoyi pamakonzedwe a dzuwa. Akalulu adzakhala okonzeka komanso osasangalatsa.Muzitsekerero nthawi zonse zizikhala zatsopano za udzu. Fufuzani udzu kuti ukhale wopanda ufulu. Odyetsa ndi akumwa a akalulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya ziweto, zomwe ndizosungirako, odyetsa komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya omwera.
Zomwe amangidwa
Ngakhale kuti siliva "Poltava" imasinthidwa ndi nyengo iliyonse, yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo ndi nyengo yam'mlengalenga. Chofunika kwambiri kutentha - kuyambira 17 ° mpaka +23 ° C. M'mavuto otentha, akalulu adzayang'ana mthunzi, motero kuyika kwazithunzi komwe angabisire dzuwa sichidzasintha. 
Kuwonjezera pa kutentha, Poltava siliva amalekerera mkulu chinyezi. Mpweya wabwino wa chinyezi siwoposa 70%. Shed kukonza akalulu kumapereka mpweya wabwino. Komabe, musapangire zidole - "siliva" siimaima mphepo.
Chisamaliro
Kusamalira siliva wa Soviet sikovuta. Pofuna kuyeretsa mudzafunika phindu lapadera: maburashi, ma brooms, ma brooms, ndowa, mafosholo. Inventory iyenso ikhale yoyera.
Onani mitundu yabwino yokongoletsera ndi ubweya wa akalulu.
Manyowa ndi akalulu amafunika kukhala oyeretsedwa nthawi zonse (tsiku ndi tsiku) kuchokera ku manyowa ndi zakudya zowonjezera. Kusamalira akalulu kumaphatikizanso kusintha zinyalala pamene zimakhala zonyansa. Kuyeretsa maselo kumachitika katatu pamwezi. 
Kupewa kutetezedwa kwa maselo kumachitika kawiri pachaka (autumn ndi kasupe). Kuchetsa ngati njira ya 10% kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi.
Katemera
Akalulu amadwala matenda. Pofuna kupeŵa mavuto m'tsogolomu, ziweto zimayenera katemera, pomwe zimatsatira nthawi yochizira matenda. Pa masiku 3-4 oyambirira mutagula, ndibwino kuti mankhwala oletsa antiparasitic achite monga njira yothetsera. Pamene kalulu ali ndi masiku 28, amatemera katemera wa myxomatosis.
Ndikofunikira! Katemera amapanga akalulu abwino kwambiri. Kukayikira kulikonse kwa matenda ndi chifukwa chokhalira munthu payekha. Nyama yodwala imayamba kuchiritsidwa, ndipo kenako ndiyo katemera.
Katemera wamoyo B 82 umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira yowonjezeredwa imafunikanso ali ndi zaka 120. Achinyamata akamangomaliza masiku 45, katemera woteteza VGBK amafunika. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito makina a hydroaluminium formolvaktsin. Katemera amabwerezedwa pa miyezi 6. 
Kudyetsa ndi kuthirira
Zakudya ndi zizindikiro zamakalata - izi ndizo zomwe wofalitsa ayenera kuchita nthawi zonse komanso malinga ndi dongosolo.
Kodi mungadye chiyani?
"Poltava" wodabwitsa kwambiri pankhani za zakudya. M'chilimwe, matupi awo amafunika masamba atsopano. M'nyengo yozizira, nyama zimadya pazuma ndi msipu wobiriwira. Amakonda spruce chakudya. Mukhoza kuwapereka conifers ndi zolimba. Kuwonjezera apo, mndandanda ungakhale ndi nthambi za mitengo ya zipatso. Zakudya zodyera zokometsera monga mbatata zatsopano, kaloti, nyemba. Mu zakudyazo muyenera kuphatikizapo zakudya zowonjezeramo zakudya, silage, bran, granulated pamodzi chakudya. 
Kuposa ayi
Akalulu amaletsedwa kudyetsa:
- udzu wouma;
- zitsamba zovulaza ndi zoopsa, zomwe zimakhala ndi celandine, chitsamba chowawa, azalea, alowe, begonia, cornflower, mabala, narcissus, fern, peony, snowprop, tulip;
- choyera ndi chofiira kabichi, komanso turnips, sorrel, mphukira zamatabwa, letesi ya madzi oundana;
- beet wofiira;
- tomato;
- bowa;
- adyo;
- yamatcheri, plums, avocados, nkhuyu;
- mbewu, maenje;
- mtedza, apricots owuma;
- shuga, chokoleti;
- mkate, bisakiti, oatmeal;
- mkaka ndi mkaka;
- mankhwala a soya.
Momwe mungadzamwe madzi
Akalulu amafunika kukhala ndi madzi nthawi zonse. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi atsopano, nyama zimayamba kusonyeza zachiwawa. Madzi ayenera kukhala atsopano, osati ozizira (mkati mwa 20 ° C). Thirani madzi musanapereke chakudya. Omwe akumwawo ayenera kutsukidwa bwino.
Mukudziwa? Mtima wa a kalulu umagunda paulendo kuchokera pa 130 mpaka 325 kumenya pamphindi. Choncho, mawu akuti zinyama izi zimafa ndi mantha pamene mbalame ikuyandikira si nthano nkomwe.
Kubereka ana ang'onoang'ono kunyumba
Oimira siliva wa Soviet amatha kukula msinkhu ali ndi miyezi inayi, ndipo pa nthawi ino akhoza kuyamba kukwatirana nawo. Muyenera kukhala ndi kalendala ya ng'ombe zomwe mukuyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa. Nkhaniyi imakhala kwa masiku 7-8 (m'nyengo ya chilimwe, makamaka kuyambira 6 koloko mpaka 9 koloko, komanso m'nyengo yozizira - ndikumadzuka m'mawa ndi madzulo). Mkaziyo amaikidwa pa mwamuna, kuchotsa odyetsa ndi nkhokwe kuchokera mu khola lake. Mimba idzatha masiku 26-35. 
Taganizirani, kodi kalulu wakhanda ayenera kusamalidwa bwanji? Dyetseni iye yekha chakudya chodetsa. Pankhaniyi, chakudya chiyenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo. Mlungu umodzi musanayambe kuzungulira, nkofunika kuti musawopsyeze azimayi, ndipo ndi osamala kwambiri kuti musamalidwe. Padziko lonse mukhoza kutha kwa mphindi 10 mpaka ora lathunthu, pambuyo pake muyenera kuyeretsa chisa. Pa tsiku lachisanu ndi chitatu achinyamata amachoka pa chisa ndikuphunzira kudya chakudya chawo. Patsiku la 20 la moyo, mimba ya mwanayo ikhale pafupifupi 300 g.
Mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa achinyamata, iwo amachotsedwa kwa mayi, kuikidwa mu selo la gulu, kumene amakhala mpaka miyezi itatu. Ana amapatsidwa chakudya chomwecho monga akulu. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kudyetsa khalidwe. Monga mukuonera, mtundu wa siliva wa "Poltava" ndi wabwino kuti ubale. Tili otsimikiza kuti simudzakhumudwitsidwa ndi zowala zazikuluzikuluzi.
