Kusiyanitsa miyoyo ya anthu m'minda ya amaluwa ambiri ndipo zimakondweretsa maso ndi masamba akuluakulu oyambirira. Zowonongeka za chisamaliro ndi kubalana kwa mbewu izi zalongosola mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.
Malongosoledwe a botanical a zomera
Chitsamba chochokera ku South America ndi cha banja la Aroids. Monga chomera chodyera chofala padziko lonse lapansi. 
Makhalidwe a mtundu umenewu ndi awa:
- kutalika kufika mamita 2;
- tsinde lolunjika;
- masamba aakulu mpaka 50 cm kutalika ndi 10-16 masentimita lonse;
- mawonekedwe a masamba omwe amawongolera, ndi mapeto ake;
- Mtundu wa tsamba umapezeka, wobiriwira ndi wachikasu;
- maluwa - yellowish-white cobs, zipatso zofiira.
Mukudziwa? Chomeracho chinalandira dzina lake kuchokera pa dzina lachibwana wamkulu wa munda wa Botanical Garden ku Vienna, Josef Dieffenbach, yemwe ankakhala m'zaka za zana la 19.
Kodi n'zotheka kukhala m'nyumba
Dieffenbachia akhoza kukula pakhomo, koma chomeracho chili ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa.
Zizindikiro ndi zamatsenga
About dieffenbachia amadziwa zizindikiro zambiri ndi zikhulupiriro.
Mfundo zazikuluzi ndizo ziganizo zotsatirazi:
- Chomera ichi chimalepheretsa mphamvu ya amuna ndi "kukankha" amuna ochokera kwawo;
- kumayambitsa mikangano ya banja ndipo kumapangitsa kuti athetse banja;
- amachititsa kusabereka.
Za zikhulupiliro zabwino zomwe muyenera kuzifotokoza:
- kusamba ngati chizindikiro cha vuto;
- kukulitsa maonekedwe a mkazi kusamalira duwa;
- amalimbikitsa ntchito ndi bizinesi.
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
Zopindulitsa za zomera zimaphatikizapo:
- kuyeretsedwa kwa mpweya wochokera ku zosavulaza zoipa;
- kukula mofulumira ndi kuphweka.
Ndikofunikira! Dieffenbachia pang'onopang'ono imatembenukira ku dzuwa, chotero kufalitsa kwa yunifolomu ya masamba kumayenera kusinthasintha mofanana.
Zinthu zofunika ndi chisamaliro choyenera
Dieffenbachia imatanthawuza zomera zosamalidwa bwino, kotero kuti, potsata malingaliro omwe tikufuna, titha kutsimikizira kuti ikukula mofulumira, komanso kubereka mosavuta.
Accommodation
Dieffenbachia imalekerera mthunzi wa theka, koma kumalo owala kwambiri masambawo adzakhala owala komanso okongola kwambiri. Silibwino kwa mthunzi wake wonse ndi dzuwa. Chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu, chomera nthawi zambiri chimaikidwa pansi kapena choyimira chaching'ono. Malo omwe asankhidwa ayenera kukhala kutali ndi ma drafts, heaters ndi air conditioners. 
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kudzakhala + 21 ° + 25 ° C, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira ikhoza kufika ku 18 ° C. Ndibwino kuti tipewe kusintha kwakukulu. Kwa kanthawi, zomera zimatha kupirira mpweya woziziritsa, ngakhale kuti kutentha kwake kosayenera ndi 13 ° C. Masamba okongola adzapereka chinyezi, osati m'munsi mwa 60-70%. Chomeracho chimakondanso kupopera mbewu ndi kuyanika, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupukuta masamba. Madzi ochapa sayenera kukhala ovuta kupewa mapangidwe a pulasitiki pamapepala.
Mukudziwa? Akapolo a akapolo nthawi zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito "ndodo zakuya," kukakamiza akapolo olakwa kuti ayese pa pepala la dieffenbachia, lomwe linayambitsa edema ndi kutaya mawu.
Kuthirira
Chomeracho chimasowa nthawi zonse kuthirira, makamaka m'chilimwe. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zambiri kuchepa kumachepa. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha nthaka kuyenera kupeŵa. Kwa ulimi wothirira ayenera kutenga madzi ofewa, asanakhazikitsidwe kutentha kutentha. N'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zonsezi-mumzu wothirira ndi kuthira mu poto. 
Kupaka pamwamba
Kuyambira kumapeto, kudyetsa kumachitika milungu iwiri iliyonse. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zovuta zowakaniza kapena feteleza kwa zomera zosiyanasiyana. M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, feteleza ikhoza kuimitsidwa kapena kuchitidwa kamodzi pa mwezi pakati pa mlingo wa mlingo.
Kudulira
Pofuna kubisa masamba ndi kuthetsa kutayika kosafunikira kwa thunthu, nsongazo zimakonzedwa. Chomeracho mwamsanga chimatulutsa masamba atsopano kuchokera ku masamba pafupi ndi kudula. Pofuna kusunga masamba okongoletsera, ndi bwino kudula maluwa ndi masamba.
Ndikofunikira! Gawoli liyenera kukhala lonyowa, kuchotsa madzi owopsa, kenako kuwaza ndi mafuta a malasha kuti awonongeke.
Kuwaza
Kwa zitsanzo zazikulu, zidzakhala zokwanira kuti zikhale m'malo mwazitsulo kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri. Mbewu zazing'ono zimaikidwa chaka chilichonse, kenako kuziika zikuchitika zaka 3-4. Nthaŵi yoyenera ya ntchito ndikumayambiriro kasupe. Mmerawo ukhoza kukulira pandekha pokhapokha komanso muzolemba zonse. Njira ya Hydroponics imagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Dothi losakaniza nthaka liyenera kukhala lotayirira komanso lopatsa thanzi, komanso kuti asakhale ndi mbali (5.5 pH). 
Pogulitsa mungapeze maphunzilo apadera a Mazira kapena muzisakaniza mu maphikidwe awa:
- gawo limodzi la peat, mchenga ndi nthaka yofiira m'magawo anayi a nthaka yowopsya;
- magawo awiri a nthaka, masamba ndi humat pa gawo limodzi la mchenga.
Mkhalidwe wofunikira ndi wosanjikizidwa ndi madzi osachepera 5 masentimita. Poto lokha siliyenera kukhala lalikulu kwambiri kuti lisawononge mizu pa kuthirira.
Kuikapo kumachitika motsatira izi:
- Chomeracho chimachotsedwa ku mphika wakale ndikuyang'ana mizu.
- Ngati kuyesa mizu sikukanawulula mavuto alionse, dothi lomwe liriko silinachotsedwe. Diffenbachia imayikidwa nthawi yomweyo mumphika watsopano pamtsinje, wothira nthaka yatsopano, ndiye nthaka yatsopano yodzala kumbali. Thunthu la chomeracho limakhala m'manda pang'ono, zomwe ziyenera kutsogolera kukula kwa mizu yatsopano.
- Ngati zowonongeka zimapezeka, nthaka yakale iyenera kuchotsedwa, kenako ikani malo osayenera ndi kuwawaza ndi fumbi la malasha. Chomeracho chinabzalidwa m'dziko latsopano.
Kuthirira pambuyo pa kusindikiza kungathe kuchitika ndi Kuwonjezera kwa constrictor (mwachitsanzo, Kornevina).
Video: Kusintha kwa mawanga
Momwe mungayendetsere nokha
Kusiyanitsa kumawonjezereka mbewu ndi kumtengako. Kunyumba, gwiritsani ntchito njira yachiwiri, popeza kupeza mbewu ndizovuta kwambiri. Ndi bwino kuswana cuttings kudula nsonga. Mukhoza kugwira ntchito nthawi iliyonse ya chaka.
Izi zimachitika monga izi:
- Ndi mpeni wakuthwa muyenera kudula pamwamba ndi mfundo zochepa (15-18 masentimita). Mdulidwe uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi malasha ndipo wouma kwa maola 24.
- Kudula kumaphatikizidwa mu msanganizo wofanana ndi mchenga ndi peat, kenako umaphimbidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi.
- Kubzala kumayikidwa mu kuwala (popanda dzuwa lenileni) pamalo otentha a + 25 ... + 27 ° C, kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino umakhalapo nthawi zonse.
- Pambuyo pakuyamba mphukira zatsopano, mmerawo umasungidwa mu chidebe chokha.
Mudzakhala ndi chidwi chodziwa momwe mungadyetse maluwa amkati.
Kuwombera mchere wodula m'madzi ndi kotheka. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuyembekezera mapangidwe a mizu ya 2-3 masentimita, ndikubzala pansi. Kufalitsa Dieffenbachia kungakhale gawo la tsinde pa 15-20 masentimita (opanda masamba), koma njira iyi idzatenga nthawi yochuluka (mpaka miyezi 10).
Kwa ichi muyenera:
- Dulani mawanga ndi makala.
- Ikani zidutswazo m'nthaka, theka la makulidwe a thunthu.
- Phimbani kudula ndi filimu kapena galasi ndikuyiyika ngati kudula kwa apical.
Video: Diefenbachia kubereka kumawoneka cuttings
Zingakhale zovuta kukula
Malingana ndi ndemanga za olima amaluwa odziwa bwino maluwa, mavuto ambiri akufalikira a dieffenbachia amachokera kuzizira kwambiri kapena kuzizira kwambiri:
- kuwonongeka kwa mizu kumasonyezedwa pofota ndi kukuda kwa masamba ndipo zingayambitse kufa kwathunthu kwa chomera. Izi ziyenera kuikidwa pamalo atsopano, ndikudula mizu yovunda. Ngati phesi limachepa pamunsi, chomeracho sichitha kupulumutsidwa ndipo mutha kungodula pamwamba kuti muzule;
- hypothermia imabweretsa masamba akugwa, monga zojambula kapena kutsika kwake. Masamba akale pansi amafa mwachibadwa;
- kuthira madzi kumalo amdima - bowa, zomwe zimachepetsedwa kuti zisamayidwe bwino ndi fungicides ndikusiya kupopera mbewu;
- kuyanika Zikhoza kufotokozedwa m'mphepete mwa bulauni, ndipo kuwala kwa dzuwa kumayambitsa kuyaka;
- Chomera chachikulu ndi tizirombo, thrips, nkhanambo, ndi kangaude. Maonekedwe awo amadziwika ndi chikasu cha masamba ambiri. Kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Dieffenbachia amawoneka okondedwa, akusonyeza kusadziletsa komanso kukongoletsa chaka chonse. Osaiwala njira zowonetsetsera, kulima kwake kungalimbikitsidwe kwa wamaluwa oyambirira.
