Kodi mungasamalire bwanji orchid kunyumba?

Orchid - imodzi mwa mbewu zomwe zimakonda kwambiri. Alimi ambiri akuchita nawo mwachangu kulima maluwa awa okha.

Kwa oyamba kumene, zingakhale zothandiza kudzidziwitsa nokha malangizowo ngakhale musanagule chomera. Mmene mungakhalire amaluwa ndi momwe mungawasamalire bwino - werengani.

Kufotokozera mwachidule za chomera

Mitundu yeniyeni ya mtundu uliwonse wa orchid mitundu ndi yosiyana. Ndipo maonekedwe a zomera izi ndi awa:

1. Tsinde la chomeracho ndi lolimba, malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ikhoza kukhala yosiyana mosiyana, yokwawa kapena yolunjika.
2. Masamba ndi ofanana ndi mawonekedwe. Kawirikawiri tsamba 1 limakula pa tsinde. Ngati pali zambiri, zimakonzedweratu.
3. Mizu ndi yofunika komanso yochepa. Mizu yambiri imayikidwa ku gawo lapansi, kutenga nawo mbali ya photosynthesis ndi kuyamwa chinyezi, kumadyetsa mbewu yonse. Mizu ya mizu imaonekera mbali iliyonse ya tsinde.
4. The inflorescences ndi spikelet kapena racemes, nthawizina ndekha. Mphukirayi imakhala ndi sepals 3, 2 lobes ndi 1 "lip", yomwe ndi yosiyana ndi maluwa ena onse. Pambuyo maluwa, bokosi la zipatso ndi mbewu zimakula.

Mukudziwa? Dzina lakuti "orchid" m'Chigiriki chakale limamasuliridwa monga "dzira" - chifukwa chakuti mizu ya mitundu ina ya duwa inali ndi mphamvu, yofanana ndi chiwalo ichi mwa anthu ndi nyama.

Malamulo a kusamalira duwa kunyumba

Orchid imakondweretsa diso ndi maluwa ake a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe. Kwa maluwa abwino ayenera kusamalira zomera mogwirizana ndi malamulo onse.

Kuunikira bwino

Mankhwala a orchids a mitundu yonse amafunika kuwala kowala, kotero simusowa kuika mphika ndi duwa ili pang'onopang'ono ndi dzuwa kapena, pamtunda, mumthunzi wolimba. Tsiku lowala loyenera la chomera - maola 11-13. Panopa tsiku lalifupi lowala, phytolamps kuchokera m'masitolo apadera amathandiza kuwunikira.

Kutentha

Avereji kutentha kwa orchids:

• masana - + 18 ... + 27 ° С;
• usiku - + 13 ... + 24 ° С.

Momwemo kutentha kwa malire amamaluwa amadziwika pa maziko a maluwa osiyanasiyana.

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Kutentha kwa mpweya kwa mitundu yonse ya orchid ndi 60-80%.

Ndikofunikira! Madzi amchere amayamba kugwa m'nyengo yozizira pamene ayamba kumira m'malo. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi cha mlengalenga ku mlingo woyenera, nkofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito woyeretsa.

Kusamba madzi nthawi zonse

Florists amasiyanitsa njira ziwiri zowonetsera orchid.:

• kuthirilira gawo lapansi kuchokera pamwamba ngati chomera chikukula mu mphika;
• onjezerani kwa mphindi 4 mpaka 5 m'madzi ngati duwa limakula mudengu kapena poto ndi mabowo pansi ndi makoma.

Mosasamala mtundu wa ulimi wothirira, madzi ayenera kuloledwa kukhetsa. Izi ndizoonetsetsa kuti mizu siimvunda kuchokera ku madzi owonjezera.

Nthawi zambiri kuthirira mofanana ndi nyengoyi ndi izi:

• m'chilimwe - kamodzi pa masiku awiri;
• m'nyengo yozizira - nthawi 1 mu masiku 4-7.

Samalani kuoneka kwa mbewu.

Chomeracho chiyenera kuuma pamaso pa madzi okwanira m'maluwa otchedwa:

• oncidium;
• dendrobium;
• ng'ombeya

Mitundu ina imalekerera chinyezi chokhazikika cha makungwa.

Phunzirani zambiri za maonekedwe a oncidium, dendrobium ndi cattley.

Zina mwa izo ndi:

• phalaenopsis;
• chodabwitsa;
• papiopedilum;
• Cymbidium.

Kusakaniza ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi:

• soft;
• olekanitsidwa, osokonezeka kapena akugwa;
• ndi kutentha kwa + 23 ... + 25 ° С.

Zosowa za nthaka

Maziko a gawo lapansi la orchids - makungwa a mtengo.

Pofuna kuphika, sungani ndi kusakaniza izi:

• chombo;
• makungwa a pine;
• makungwa a aspen;
• mizu ya fern;
• malasha;
• zidutswa za moss, choko, thovu kapena peat - zosankha ngati zowonjezera.

Feteleza

Omwe amapanga feteleza amapereka zipangizo zamtengo wapatali za orchid zomwe zimayenera maluwawo molingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili.

Wotchuka pakati pa florist amatcha choncho:

• Mulungu;
• "Pokon";
• "Bona Forte".

Ndikofunikira! Kutentha feteleza kumachepetsa kukana kwa ma orchids ku matenda ndi tizirombo.

Ndikofunika kudyetsa maluwa panthawi yomwe ikukula, nthawi yeniyeni imadalira mtundu wa orchid. Kutchulidwa kwafupipafupi kwa kupanga zakudya zomwe zikuwonetsedwa m'malamulo. Kawirikawiri chomeracho chimabzalidwa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Komabe, kuvala pamwamba sikuthandiza kwambiri orchids. Maluwawo adzakhala ndi zinthu zokwanira zowonjezera komanso nthawi zonse zimalowa mu gawo latsopano.

Kuika kwazomera

Kuthamanga kwabwino kwa orchid kuikapo kamodzi kumakhala zaka 1-2. Ndi bwino kuchita nthawi yomwe kasupe ikubwera komanso nthawi ya kukula kwa duwa ikuyamba. Musanayambe kusamba muyenera kusankha poto. Njira yabwino kwambiri kwa alimi amatchedwa chidebe choyera cha pulasitiki ndi mabowo m'makoma ndi pansi.

Mu mphika wotere, rhizome idzakhala yodzaza ndi mpweya ndi dzuwa. Mukhozanso kusankha mphika mwa mawonekedwe a basiti. Zosakaniza zina, monga ceramic kapena galasi, ndizoyenera kwa akatswiri omwe angathe kuthera nthawi yambiri akusamalira mbewu.

Mankhwala a orchids ayenera kuikidwa motere:

1. Chotsani duwa ku chidebe chakale. Ngati mphika ndi pulasitiki, ndi bwino kudula - kuti mutetewe ku mizu.
2. Yang'anani kuwonongeka kwa rhizome. Ngati pali zowola kapena zouma, zithetsani, ndipo muzidula magawo odulidwa ndi makala osweka.
3. Thirani gawo lina la makungwa mumphika watsopano. Mosamala yongolani rhizome ndikuphimba gawo lonselo.
4. Nthawi yosinthira imatenga masiku 7. Panthawiyi mutatha kuziika, muyenera kusunga orchid mumthunzi wochepa osati kusungunula.

Mukudziwa? Vanilla ndi chipatso cha mitundu ina ya orchid yomwe inachokera ku Mexico. Kwa nthawi yayitali, zonunkhirazi sizingatheke kukula m'mayiko ena, popeza kuti maluwawa ankakhala ku Mexico okha. Komabe, mu 1841, kapolo wina wa zaka 12 wa pachilumba cha Reunion anabwera ndi njira yopangira mungu maluwawo. Kuyambira pamenepo, vanila yakula pamakontinenti ambiri.

Zinthu zoberekera

Olima amalima ma orchid mu njira zitatu: mbeu ya stem, layering ndi vegetative way. Njira iliyonse ili ndi zovuta zake.

Ana aamuna azing'ono

Anthu a dendrobium ndi phalaenopsis amayesa kufalitsa mbewu ndi mphukira. Njira imeneyi imatchedwanso kusiya ana. Ana, iwo ndi mphukira zakuda, ndi mphukira zatsopano zomwe zimawoneka pamtengo waukulu wa orchids.

Pofalitsa mbewu motere, chitani motere:

1. Sungunulani mwanayo kuchokera kutsitsi - posachedwa padzakhala mizu ndi masamba.
2. Pamene mizu ikuwoneka, yang'anani mosamala mphukira.
3. Njira yodulidwa ndi makala amtengo wapatali.
4. Kudzala mbeu kumbali imodzi.

Kuyika

Njirayi imapezeka kuti abweretse mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dendrobium ndi mliri. Zigawo zimatchedwanso mphukira za mpweya. Pamene mpweya otvodok unkawonekera pachimake, muyenera kukonzekera botolo la pulasitiki ndi mosakaniza - wina wa iwo ayenera kumanga nyumba yotentha.

Werengani zambiri momwe mungafalitsire orchid kunyumba.

Malangizo ndi ndondomeko ya kuswana ndi kuika:

1. Lembani botolo ndi wet wet sphagnum.
2. Ikani zigawo mu botolo lozungulira.
3. Sungani chinyezi chamtundu wa microclimate mu mini-wowonjezera kutentha. Pafupipafupi, patatha mwezi umodzi kuchokera kumabedi ogona amayamba kukula.
4. Pamene mizu ndi masamba amere, yambani maluwa atsopano kuchokera ku maluwa a mayi.
5. Bwezerani chomera mu mphika ndi gawo loyenera.
6. Tengani magawo ndi malasha osweka.
7. Sungani maluwa ang'onoang'ono mu wowonjezera kutentha mpaka iyo izuke m'malo atsopano.

Njira zamasamba

Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kwa ma orchids akuluakulu pafupifupi mitundu yonse.

Pofalitsa duwa maluwa, muyenera kuchita izi:

1. Chotsani chomera mu mphika.
2. Gawani piritsi kuti ma pseudobulbs awiri akhalebe mbali iliyonse.
3. Sungani malo odulidwa ndi malasha osweka.
4. Bwezerani gawo lirilonse mu mphika wosiyana ndi galasi labwino la makungwa.
5. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi madzi madzi ophatikizidwa maluwawo.

Mfundo yakuti chomeracho chimachoka, kunena zatsopano kapena masamba.

Ndi mavuto otani omwe angabwere pamene akukula orchids

Mukamakula maluwa ena amatha kukhala ndi mavuto ena. Mzere wotsatira umatchula mavuto ambiri. Kuti muwachotse iwo, ndi bwino kukonza zolepheretsa. Ngati ndi kotheka, ziwalo zowonongeka ziyenera kuchotsedwa.

Zowopsa kwambiri kuposa chisamaliro chosayenera ndi matenda opatsirana.

Zipindazi zimakhala ndi matenda awa:

Tizilombo timasokoneza kwambiri mkhalidwe wa orchid. Ndikofunika kuchiza chomera cha parasitic mwamsanga.

Malangizo othandiza

Olima amadziwa kuti sizingakhale zovuta kusamalira orchid kunyumba.

Komabe, kotero kuti nthawi zonse imamasula bwino komanso yathanzi, ndibwino kuti tizitsatira malangizo ena pazowonjezera:

• wiritsani makungwa musanayambe kukonza gawolo kuti muchotse matenda omwe angatheke kapena tizirombo;
• kuthirani maluwa mmawa;
• Pambuyo maluwa, alimi ena amaluwa amalangizidwa kuti azichepetsa maluwa okalamba omwe amakhala ochepa mamita masentimita apamwamba kusiyana ndi Mphukira yachiwiri;
• N'zotheka kukulitsa maluwa am'maluwa okha mwazidzidzidzi, mwachitsanzo, ngati ali ndi matenda - ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi chomera chomera pakati pa maluwa.

Werengani komanso ngati n'zotheka kubwezeretsanso orchid ngati mizu yavunda.

Kukula ma orchids mu malo am'chipinda sikovuta ngati mumadziwa zonse zokhudza maluwa. Yambani mitsuko yeniyeni yolondola, imwani madzi bwino, iikeni nthawiyo - kenako mbeuyo ikondweretsa mwiniwakeyo kwa nthawi yaitali ndi maluwa okongola.