Chomera chokongola chomwe, chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chilengedwe, chingatenge mitundu yobiriwira, komanso zitsamba kapena mitengo, yotchedwa hibiscus.
Mbalame yowonongeka ndi yobiriwira ya malvaceae imapezeka m'madera otentha ndi ozizira. Pamene muli m'madera otentha pamtunda, mitundu iliyonse imatha kukulira, yogwirizanitsa ndi dzina limodzi - munda wa hibiscus, chisamaliro ndi kubereka kumene ngakhale oyamba amatha.
Garden hibiscus - osasamala kwambiri pantchito ya banja la malvaceae. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya zamoyo zake ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha maluwa okongola kwambiri, ndizofunikira kusankha malo ndikutsatira malingaliro onse a kulima pa tsamba.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?
Kutentha
Garden hibiscus, malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ikhoza kukhala yovuta kwambiri kutentha ndi chisanu. Wakulirapo chomera, chotsutsana kwambiri ndi chisanu chidzaonekera. Kawirikawiri, nyengo ya gulu la pakati ndilovomerezeka kwa chomera, koma ngati kutentha kwachilendo, kungokhala kochepa pang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, chitsamba chimafuna malo.
Kodi mungamwetse bwanji?
Madzi okwanira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mvula kapena mtsinje, kutetezedwa, ndi kuuma kochepa. Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera, ngati chimbudzi chimauma. Ngati nyengo ili yotentha, kuthirira kungakhale tsiku ndi tsiku. Masamba ayenera kutsukidwa ku fumbi, motero amalepheretsa maonekedwe a akangaude. Ngati kuthirira sikukwanira, maluwa ndi masamba osayambika adzayamba kugwa kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti asunge chinyezi m'nthaka malinga ndi momwe zingathere, mulching ayenera kuchitidwa, zomwe zidzalimbikitsanso nthaka ndi zakudya. Zida zabwino kwambiri ndi udzu ndi peat ndi humus.
Kuunikira
Hibiscus ndi mbewu zowonda dzuwa, koma zikhoza kulekerera mthunziPa nthawi yomweyo maluwa adzakhala mthunzi wambiri.
Malo
Kulima hibiscus ndikoyimitsa chisankho pa dzuwa ndi malo otentha kwambiri m'munda, kutetezedwa ku mphepo ndi ma drafts, zomwe ziri zoopsa kwambiri mmunda kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Kudulira
Pakubwera kwa kasupe ndi kutuluka kwa zatsopano zimayambira kale nthambi zouma ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Kukonza mitengo kumakhala kovomerezeka, popeza nthambi zazing'ono zokha zimatha kuphuka. Nthambi zakale zimadulidwa kwathunthu, mphukira za chaka chatha zimachepetsedwa ndi kotala. Mothandizidwa ndi zowononga zowonongeka zimatha kupatsidwa mawonekedwe oyenera. Njirayi ili ndi mitundu ingapo:
- Kulimbikitsa - kuchitidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika kuti apeze mapangidwe amphamvu a mphukira zatsopano.
- Kupukuta - kuchotsedwa kwa zouma ndi kufooka mphukira.
- Kukonzekera - amakulolani kuti mubwererenso mawonekedwe abwino a chomera.
- Kutha - itatha pambuyo pa kutha kwa maluwa.
- Kuti apulumuke - imapangidwira zomera zowononga, ndikusiya malo osachepera.
Ground
Nthaka ya hibiscus ndi yosavuta kunyamula. Dothi lililonse lotayirira labwino lidzachita., chofunika kwambiri, chiwopsezo cha chinyezi chokhazikika mkati mwake chinali chochepa.
Nthaka yowonjezera yomwe ili ndi zinthu zabwino zokhala ndi mankhwala komanso kuwonjezera mchere ndi zonse zomwe zimafunika kuti hibiscus ikule bwino.
Kupaka pamwamba
Panthawi ya kukula kwakukulu, munda wa hibiscus umafuna kudya nthawi zonse, zomwe ziyenera kuphatikizapo phosphorus ndi nayitrogeni. Kumayambiriro kwa autumn, kukonzekera chomera nthawi yozizira, m'pofunika kuwonjezera phosphorous-potaziyamu feteleza pansi pa shrub.
Ndiyani kuti mupatsidwe mtengo wa shrub?
Kumalo a dzuwa, hibiscus popanda kumuika akhoza kukula mpaka zaka makumi awiri. Koma ngati pakufunika kusuntha chitsamba kumalo ena, ndi bwino kutero kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mutatha kudula mphukira kwa theka la kutalika ndipo maluwa asanayambe.
Muzitsamba zosakanizidwa za hibiscus zingakhale pamodzi ndi kugawidwa kwa rhizome.
Kuwotchera kumachitika malinga ndi ndondomeko yotsatirayi:
- Gombe likukonzekera, pansi pake pomwe madzi akuyendetsedwa kuchokera ku matentimita 15 a njerwa zofiira. Mchenga womwewo umatsanulira pa iwo ndipo wosanjikiza wa kompositi amaikidwa pamwamba, komanso masentimita 15. Kompositi yokhala ndi mchenga womwewo. Zotsatira zake ndi zothandiza komanso zowonjezera madzi.
- Chomeracho chimasankhidwa mosamala kuchokera ku malo akale.
- Hibiscus imayikidwa mu dzenje lokonzedwa bwino ndi dziko lapansi, lomwe linasakanizidwa ndi peat ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1: 4.
- Mtengo wa hibiscus pambuyo pa kusindikizidwa uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi.
Pambuyo pakugulira kuzungulira chomera ndikofunikira kupanga mzere wothirira ndi kuthira nthaka. Pambuyo pa madziwa ndi nthaka ikukhazikika, muyenera kutsanulira dziko lapansi osakaniza, musanayambe kugwiritsira ntchito pamwamba pa bedi.
Pewani
Kuphatikizira kumatanthawuza njira zowonongeka bwino ndipo zimaphatikizapo kudula nsonga za nthambi pamwamba pa mfundo zazikulu kwambiri kuti zithandize kukula. Kusinthanitsa kumagwiritsidwe ntchito ku ma hibiscuses achinyamata, osayesetsabe njira zina zowonongeka, zowonongeka.
Mbali za chomera, chithunzi cha maluwa
Mosiyana ndi oyimira chipinda, munda wa hibiscus umatha kupirira kutentha kwapakati, ukufuna kuti nthawi zonse mutseke nthaka ndi kuchotsa namsongole.
Kuswana
Garden hibiscus ikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi cuttings. Njira ziwirizi zili ndi ufulu kumoyo, koma kukulumikiza zidzakuthandizani kupeza msanga mofulumira.
- Ndi njira yobereka yobereka, chomera chokongola chachikulu chingakhoze kupezeka patangotha zaka zitatu.
- Kwa cuttings, munthu ayenera kusankha lignified, kudula mphukira, kupereka whisk mizu m'madzi. Zopindulitsa kwambiri za cuttings zikhoza kubzalidwa miphika ndi kubzalidwa pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira ku malo osatha. Chitsamba cholimba ndi champhamvu chimachokera ku sapineti wamkulu ndi overwintering.
Matenda
Maluwa a hibiscus amatanthauza zomera zomwe zimatha kupirira matenda.
- Ngati hibiscus imakhalabe youma kwa nthawi yayitali, chikondi ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, thrips, whitefly, ndi kangaude zimatha. Pankhani ya tizilombo mu chikhalidwe, mankhwala ndi tizilombo timayambitsa magawo awiri ndi nthawi ya masabata awiri.
- Chifukwa cha umphawi wa nthaka, zomera zimatha kutenga chlorosis.
- Ngati hibiscus ali wachikasu - izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kusowa kwachitsulo ndi nayitrogeni m'nthaka kapena kuvulaza mizu pokhapokha ngati mutayambitsa.
Kale Hibiscus anasintha udindo wa zomera zokha zokha, atakhazikitsidwa bwino m'mindayi ndipo mwamsanga anagonjetsa mutu wa chimodzi mwa mitundu yodabwitsa kwambiri komanso yodalitsika popanga malo okongola.
